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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 199 records · Page 11
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2026

Second-order wave excitation forces in WEC-Sim/MOST: Implementation, experimental validation, and code-to-code comparison

Accurate prediction of second-order hydrodynamic loads is essential for floating bodies, including floating offshore wind turbines, wave energy converters, and hybrid wind–wave platforms. These nonlinear effects, arising from both sum- and difference-frequency forcing, are critical for capturing key response characteristics but remain challenging to model efficiently. In this work, we extend the open-source Wave Energy Converter Simulator / MATLAB for Offshore Simulation Tool by implementing second-order wave excitation forces, supporting both the full Quadratic Transfer Function formulation and the Newman approximation. The full Quadratic Transfer Function method is used for all code-to-code comparisons and experimental validation, while the Newman approximation is provided as a computationally lighter alternative. To benchmark the new capability, we perform a code-to-code comparison with OpenFAST and OrcaFlex. We then validate the enhanced model using wave-tank measurements of a 1:96 scale DeepCwind semi-submersible, showing that second-order effects are required to reproduce platform motions. The implementation employs a computationally efficient pre-computation strategy for second-order wave excitation forces, reducing simulation cost while maintaining engineering accuracy. Overall, this work advances the tool as an open-source and versatile tool for modelling floating offshore renewable-energy systems requiring second-order hydrodynamic fidelity.

17 WIND ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2018

Using Time-of-Flight SIMS to Investigate Group V Dopant Distribution in CdTe

Enabling continued development of polycrystalline CdTe solar cells with open-circuit voltages approaching 1 V requires new dopants and processes to increase acceptor concentrations and minority-carrier lifetimes. We have investigated multiple Group V dopants in single- and polycrystalline CdTe materials as well as Cl, using numerous dopant incorporation and activation strategies. The diffusion kinetics and spatial distribution of the dopants are revealed with a combination of 1-D standard depth-profiling and high-resolution 3-D tomography with time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry. For all cases where the dopant is incorporated during growth, including vapor-transport deposition, closespaced sublimation, and molecular-beam epitaxy, the dopant concentration is not enhanced at grain boundaries. When the dopant is incorporated through a post-growth incorporation process, fast grain-boundary diffusion leads to an enhanced dopant concentration at grain boundaries. Although both methods are applicable, in-situ incorporation offers control of dopants and devices independent of diffusion kinetics, grain structure, and grain-boundary chemistry.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2021

Wave Energy Converter SIMulator (WEC-SIM) Support for an Adaptive Wave Energy Converter by Ocean Motion Technologies

Scripts from project git repo + tutorial slide deck generated for the TEAMER RFTS 1 collaborative project between Ocean Motion Technologies, Inc. and Sandia National Laboratories + National Renewable Energy Laboratory. The project simulates an adaptive wave energy converter through CAD, FEA, and analysis code. All materials in this submission are considered proprietary subject to terms and conditions detailed in the CRADA Agreement.

16 TIDAL AND WAVE POWER↗
DOE OSTI2025

Applying in Situ Bias During TOF-SIMS Analysis to Investigate Ion Migration in Perovskite Devices

An in situ electrical bias was placed on a perovskite device through the device thickness while under investigation with time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. The applied bias resulted in an observed reversible migration of halide and lithium ions on the timescale of minutes. The results show a framework that can be used for further study of ion migration in perovskite materials and devices.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2014

SIMS Analyses of Aerodynamic Fallout from a Uranium-Fueled Test

Five silicate fallout glass spherules produced in a uranium-fueled, near-surface nuclear test were characterized by secondary ion mass spectrometry, electron probe microanalysis, autoradiography, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive x ray spectroscopy. Several samples display distinctive compositional heterogeneity suggestive of incomplete mixing, and exhibit heterogeneity in U isotopes with 0.02 < 235 U/ 238 U < 11.8 among all five samples and 0.02 < 235 U/ 238 U < 7.81 within a single sample. In two samples, the 235 U/ 238 U ratio is correlated with major element composition, consistent with the agglomeration of chemically and isotopically distinct molten precursors. Two samples are quasi-homogeneous with respect to composition and uranium isotopic composition, suggesting extensive mixing possibly due longer residence time in the fireball. Correlated variations between 234 U, 235 U, 236 U and 238 U abundances point to mixing of end-members corresponding to uranium derived from the device and natural U ( 238 U/ 235 U = 0.00725) found in soil.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2018

Plutonium particle analysis by LG-SIMS and LA-MC-ICP-MS for environmental safeguards

During nuclear facility inspections, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) inspectors collect dust particles using cotton swipes. Analysis of these swipes is an extremely powerful tool with which to confirm treaty compliance or identify treaty violations. Through particle analysis it is possible to identify individual particles representative of nuclear activities. Uranium particle analysis is a reasonably mature technique used by IAEA and its Network of Analytical Laboratories for treaty verification. However, the IAEA has recently identified the maturation of plutonium and mixed uranium-plutonium particle analysis techniques as a top priority. We propose to address this area directly by developing the new methods necessary to analyze samples containing plutonium and mixed uranium-plutonium particles. The end products of this study will be: (A) more accurate and ultra-precise isotopic characterization of plutonium -bearing particles from environmental swipe samples, and (B) development and validation of laser ablation particle analysis techniques as robust and accurate analysis methodologies for future safeguards missions.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2017

Understanding heterogeneity in Genesis diamond-like carbon film using SIMS analysis of implants

An amorphous diamond-like carbon film deposited on silicon made at Sandia National Laboratory by pulsed laser deposition was one of several solar wind (SW) collectors used by the Genesis Mission (NASA Discovery Class Mission #5). The film was ~1 μm thick, amorphous, anhydrous, and had a high ratio of sp 3 –sp 2 bonds (>50%). For 27 months of exposure to space at the first We passively irradiated lagrange point, the collectors, with SW (H fluence ~2 × 10 16 ions cm -2 ; He fluence ~8 × 10 14 ions cm -2 ). The radiation damage caused by the implanted H ions peaked at 12–14 nm below the surface of the film and that of He about 20–23 nm. To enable quantitative measurement of the SW fluences by secondary ion mass spectroscopy, minor isotopes of Mg ( 25 Mg and 26 Mg) were commercially implanted into flight-spare collectors at 75 keV and a fluence of 1 × 10 14 ions cm -2 . Furthermore, the shapes of analytical depth profiles, the rate at which the profiles were sputtered by a given beam current, and the intensity of ion yields are used to characterize the structure of the material in small areas (~200 × 200 ± 50 μm). Data were consistent with the hypothesis that minor structural changes in the film were induced by SW exposure.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2019

ToF-SIMS Depth Profiling of Organic Delta Layers with Low-Energy Cesium Ions: Depth Resolution Assessment

The advent of cluster ion beams has paved the way to the routine 3D analysis of organic heterojunctions. Alternatively, organic thin layers have also been successfully depth profiled with a low-energy cesium ion beam (Cs{sup +}), to exploit the high chemical reactivity of cesium atoms, acting as free-radical scavengers. Despite of this, little is known about the depth resolution associated with low-energy Cs{sup +} sputtering on organic multilayers. In this work, amino acids multilayers, consisting of phenylalanine delta layers alternated with tyrosine spacers, were used as model systems to assess the depth resolution associated with 500 eV Cs{sup +} depth profiles. High yields were obtained for quasi-molecular ions from both amino acids, and no significant chemical alteration was noticed under the monoatomic bombardment. A depth resolution as low as 4 nm is demonstrated without sensible degradation on a rather long profile depth (300 nm). Limited depth resolution (> 10 nm) along with high molecular degradation was previously reported on similar systems by combining low-energy Cs{sup +} with Ga{sup +} analysis beam. The use of the Bi{sub 3}{sup +} analysis beam results in a dramatic improvement of both the characteristic molecular signal intensities and the depth resolution. Even though the analysis beam fluence is very low compared to the sputtering beam fluence, data suggest that further reducing the analysis Bi{sub 3}{sup +} fluence could improve the depth resolution by ~ 1 nm. .

74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS↗