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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 199 records · Page 11
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1974

Prospects for reduced energy transports: A preliminary analysis

The recent energy crisis and subsequent substantial increase in fuel prices have provided increased incentive to reduce the fuel consumption of civil transport aircraft. At the present time many changes in operational procedures have been introduced to decrease fuel consumption of the existing fleet. In the future, however, it may become desirable or even necessary to introduce new fuel-conservative aircraft designs. This paper reports the results of a preliminary study of new near-term fuel conservative aircraft. A parametric study was made to determine the effects of cruise Mach number and fuel cost on the optimum configuration characteristics and on economic performance. For each design, the wing geometry was optimized to give maximum return on investment at a particular fuel cost. Based on the results of the parametric study, a nominal reduced energy configuration was selected. Compared with existing transport designs, the reduced energy design has a higher aspect ratio wing with lower sweep, and cruises at a lower Mach number. It has about 30% less fuel consumption on a seat-mile basis.

Ardema, M. D.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Prospects for obtaining metallic hydrogen with spherical presses

Description of a split-sphere apparatus modified for use at low temperature and affording a possible method for compressing molecular hydrogen to a pressure in excess of 1 Mbar and for converting it to the metallic state. The construction costs of the apparatus are relatively low and the amount of liquid helium required for low-temperature operation is readily obtainable with modern liquefiers.

Spain, I. L.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Jupiter's ionosphere - Prospects for Pioneer 10

Model Jovian ionospheres are constructed for comparison with Pioneer 10 results. Electron density maxima are predicted at a level approximately 220 kilometers above an assumed reference height where the hydrogen density is 10 to the 16-th power molecules per cubic centimeter. It may be possible to use observations of the electron density to locate the turbopause. Attention is drawn to a possible strong source of ionized sodium from Io which might lead to large electron densities at low altitudes.

Atreya, S. K.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Computers and prospects for an on-board spacecraft electronic equipment

Conversion of spaceborne telemetry and transceiving data with digital computers is discussed. The ways computers may allow selection of the most informative of the total number of measurements are discussed along with development of compatible transceiver equipment.

Andreyanov, V. V.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Prospects for the development of phototelevision methods in space studies

In-space imaging of the surface of celestial bodies can be carried out by both television and photographic equipment. Television equipment of various types has the important property of being capable of transmitting imagery in real time. Frequently this is not possible because of the nature of information transmission over the spacecraft-ground communication line. The inadequate energy handling capacity of the communication lines usually requires storage of the video information aboard the spacecraft for subsequent transmission at a definite time and rate. For this purpose, the television camera can be connected with a magnetic memory, or the television imagery may be stored on photographic film. The television/photographic film system has been termed phototelevision. The choice of a system of one type or the other is dictated by several considerations, the most important of which are the size and weight characteristics, other conditions being the same (power consumption, reliability, etc.). The advantages and disadvantages of the two systems are discussed and examples are given of types of satellites on which the two types have been employed.

Selivanov, A. S.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Metal-matrix composites: Status and prospects

Applications of metal matrix composites for air frames and jet engine components are discussed. The current state of the art in primary and secondary fabrication is presented. The present and projected costs were analyzed to determine the cost effectiveness of metal matrix composites. The various types of metal matrix composites and their characteristics are described.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1975

Future long-range transports: Prospects for improved fuel efficiency

A status report is provided on current thinking concerning potential improvements in fuel efficiency and possible alternate fuels. Topics reviewed are: (1) historical trends in airplane efficiency; (2) technological opportunities including supercritical aerodynamics, (3) vortex diffusers, (4) composite materials, (5) propulsion systems, (6) active controls, and terminal-area operations; (7) unconventional design concepts, and (8) hydrogen-fueled airplane.

Nagel, A. L.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Neural control: Long-range prospects

The development of long term connections with the nervous system, are considered for direct transfer of information into the nervous system, and for direct readout of information from the nervous system. The study of basic neurophysiological control mechanisms operating in the nervous system is advocated for the investigation of potential applications of such developments. These applications depend strongly on the successful achievement of the first three objectives. An attempt is made to envision the social consequences of these developments.

Hambrecht, T.↗
NASA NTRS1975

Hierarchical models of very large problems, dilemmas, prospects, and an agenda for the future

Interdisciplinary approaches to the modeling of global problems are discussed in terms of multilevel cooperation. A multilevel regionalized model of the Lake Erie Basin is analyzed along with a multilevel regionalized world modeling project. Other topics discussed include: a stratified model of interacting region in a world system, and the application of the model to the world food crisis in south Asia. Recommended research for future development of integrated models is included.

Richardson, J. M., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Electric propulsion - Past history and future prospects

Studies of feasibility and flight mechanics of electric propulsion systems began around 1946. Conceptual systems design started in 1954, experimental development in 1958; flight tests in 1964 and 1970 proved the functioning of electric thrusters in space. Further development of ion thruster systems has concentrated on bombardment ionization in the U.S., and on radiofrequency, bombardment, and surface-contact ionization in West Germany, Great Britain, France, and the USSR. Electrothermal, plasma, and colloid thruster development has been pursued in many countries. Electric thrusters were used successfully during past years for satellite attitude control, and for prime propulsion of the Soviet spacecraft Yantar. Further applications for attitude and position control of satellites are planned.

Stuhlinger, E.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Coastal wetlands - Prospects for satellite inventory

It is pointed out that coastal wetlands are among the nation's most valuable natural resources. A relatively low cost and moderately accurate method for mapping these areas would, therefore, be very attractive. It appears that such a method could be found by utilizing ERTS-1 data. Two test sites were selected for an intensive study of the feasibility of such an approach. One test area involves a salt marsh complex located at the mouth of the Chincoteague Bay in Virginia. The second area constitutes a near-saline marsh at the mouth of the Nanticoke River, Maryland. The study shows that ERTS-1 digital data provide maximum gray-level resolution for the mapping of wetland species and features.

Anderson, R. R.↗
NASA NTRS1975

Future long-range transports - Prospects for improved fuel efficiency

A status report is provided on current thinking concerning potential improvements in fuel efficiency and possible alternate fuels. Topics reviewed are: historical trends in airplane efficiency; technological opportunities including supercritical aerodynamics, vortex diffusers, composite materials, propulsion systems, active controls, and terminal-area operations; unconventional design concepts, and hydrogen-fueled airplane.

Nagel, A. L.↗
NASA NTRS1975

Observing prospects for Halley's comet

The expected path and brightness development of Halley's comet soon before and after its perihelion on February 9, 1986 are described. It is concluded that the comet will prove disappointing to most U.S. observers, since it is not expected to equal Kohoutek in peak magnitude (and since this latter comet was disappointing to the general public). Moreover, Halley's comet will be brightest (3rd magnitude) in the southern hemisphere, and increased outdoor lighting by the year 1986 will probably obscure its tail near cities.

Roosen, R. G.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Electric propulsion - Past history and future prospects

Studies of feasibility and flight mechanics of electric propulsion systems began around 1946. Conceptual systems design started in 1954, experimental developments in 1958; flight tests in 1964 and 1970 proved the functioning of electric thrusters in space. Further development of ion thruster systems has concentrated on bombardment ionization in the U.S., and on radiofrequency, bombardment, and surface contact ionization in West Germany, Great Britain, France and Russia. Electrothermal, plasma, and colloid thruster development has been pursued in many contries. Electric thrusters were used successfully during past years for satellite attitude control, and for prime propulsion of the Russian spacecraft Yantar. Further applications for attitude and position control of satellites are planned. Studies are presently underway for solar electric missions to planets, planetary moons, comets, asteroids, and toward the sun, and also for missions in near-earth space involving transfer, servicing, and repair of orbiting spacecraft.

Stuhlinger, E.↗
NASA NTRS1975

Shadowgraphs of air flow over prospective space shuttle configurations at Mach numbers from 0.8 to 1.4

Shadowgraphs of five space shuttle launch configurations are presented. The model was a 4 percent-scale space shuttle vehicle, tested in the 11- by 11-foot Transonic Wind Tunnel at Ames Research Center. The Mach number was varied from 0.8 to 1.4 with three angles of sideslip (0 deg, 5 deg and -5 deg) that were used in conjunction with three angles of attack (4 deg, -4 deg, and 0 deg). The model configurations included both series-burn and parallel-burn configurations, two canopy configurations, two positions of the orbiter nose relative to the HO tank nose, and two HO tank nose-cones angles (15 deg and 20 deg). The data consist entirely of shadowgraph photographs.

Dods, J. B., Jr.↗