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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 1,801 records · Page 100
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1972

Stability of rotating magnetic stars and planets as Jupiter and the origin of convective motion

Based on the method of the energy principle, the effect of the coriolis force on the stability of rotating hydromagnetic systems was examined and the condition for instability was derived. It is shown that, in rotating systems, the coriolis force inhibits the onset of convective motion and that, once the condition for instability is fulfilled, overstable states are produced with respect to this motion. Such states seem to affect the onset of turbulent convective motion.

Sakurai, K.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Spectrophotometry of the 1.5-micron window of Jupiter.

The limb darkening of the 1.5-micron region and the variations of ammonia and methane absorptions over the Jovian belts, zones, and spots are studied on the basis of high-resolution infrared spectrometric data obtained for 86 areas on the Jovian surface. It is shown that the absorptions increase with increasing air mass between the equator and the poles, that they decrease linearly with increasing air mass between the central meridian and the limbs, and that the absorptions over the South Tropical Zone are greater and those over the Great Red Spot are smaller than the absorptions for other features. An ammonia absorption map of the planet is plotted for the period April-June, 1970.

Binder, A. B.↗
NASA NTRS1972

The clouds of Jupiter - Observational characteristics.

Most current models for the Jovian cloud system make use of an erroneous value for the temperature of the planet evaluated at 5 microns. Recent observations at this wavelength show that the emitted radiation is strongly localized and that it exhibits temporal variations. It is not clear that meaningful temperatures can be derived from such measurements and this plus other observations discussed herein suggest that various models proposed for the clouds require reexamination.

Owen, T.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Spacecraft microbial burden reduction due to atmospheric entry heating: Jupiter

Planetary quarantine analyses performed for recent unmanned Mars and Venus missions assumed that the probability of contamination by a spacecraft given accidental impact was equivalent to one. However, in the case of the gaseous outer planets, the heat generated during the inadvertent entry of a spacecraft into the planetary atmosphere might be sufficient to cause significant microbial burden reduction. This could affect navigation strategy by reducing the necessity for biasing the aim point away from the planets. An effort has been underway to develop the tools necessary to predict temperature histories for a typical spacecraft during inadvertent entry. In order that the results have general applicability, parametric analyses were performed. The thermal response of the spacecraft components and debris resulting from disintegration was determined. The temperature histories of small particles and composite materials, such as thermal blankets and an antenna, were given special attention. Guidelines are given to indicate the types of components and debris most likely to contain viable organisms, which could contaminate the lower layers of the Jovian atmosphere (approximately one atmosphere of pressure).

Gonzalez, C. C.↗
NASA NTRS1973

The Radiation Belts of Jupiter

A simplified model of the Jovian magnetosphere consists of a thermal plasma with superimposed radiation belts. The model is derived using the following assumptions: (1) The radiation belts are located in a cavity of the Jovian magnetosphere and the field geometry in that cavity is a pure dipole. (2) The conductivity in the Jovian ionosphere is large enough to force the magnetosphere to corotate. (3) The population of electrons in the radiation belts is in a steady state, and the observational data are representative of such average conditions. (4) The nonthermal continuum is produced by the synchrotron radiation of trapped relativistic electrons.

Degioanni, J. J. C.↗
NASA NTRS1973

The GSFC cosmic radiation experiment for the Pioneer F/G Jupiter mission

The extremely lightweight, low power design of the cosmic radiation experiment is obtained by using less than 10 percent of the total weight for the mechanical system. Both the baseplate and the top plate are aluminum honeycomb, the side panels are magnesium trusswork, and the inside circuitry is stacked like a sandwich and interleaved with polyester urethane foam for vibration damping. The flight performance of the experimental hardware is excellent.

Trainor, J. H.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Saturn satellite encounter opportunities for Mariner Jupiter-Saturn 1977

The opportunities for close satellite encounters which meet the planetary constraints at Saturn that are imposed by science value return and environmental conditions are investigated. Since the satellites travel at various speeds in their orbits, Saturn arrival time is critical and was chosen as the design parameter. Arrival times are recommended which afford close satellite encounters and also meet important mission constraints. A design chart illustrates the satellite opportunities as a function of Saturn arrival date. Through the use of such a design chart, the Saturn encounter design process, which will take place according to recommendations by the selected science investigators over the next several years, will be considerably streamlined. Potential applications are given to illustrate the use of the Saturn satellite opportunity chart in encounter design.

Wallace, R. A.↗

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