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The project has two primary objectives: (1) down select three-dimensional (3D) printing and post-processing approaches for solid-state electrolyte (SSE) / cathode integration, and (2) understand battery failure mechanisms via ex situ and in situ characterization.
The project has two primary objectives: (1) down select three-dimensional (3D) printing and post-processing approaches for solid-state electrolyte (SSE) / cathode integration, and (2) understand battery failure mechanisms via ex situ and in situ characterization.
The project has two primary objectives: (1) down select three-dimensional (3D) printing and post processing approaches for solid-state electrolyte (SSE) / cathode integration, and (2) understand battery failure mechanisms via ex situ and in situ characterization.
The project has two primary objectives: (1) down select three-dimensional (3D) printing and post-processing approaches for solid-state electrolyte (SSE) / cathode integration, and (2) understand battery failure mechanisms via ex situ and in situ characterization.
The project has two primary objectives: (1) down select three-dimensional (3D) printing and post-processing approaches for solid-state electrolyte (SSE) / cathode integration, and (2) understand battery failure mechanisms via ex situ and in situ characterization.
The project has two primary objectives: (1) down select three-dimensional (3D) printing and post-processing approaches for solid-state electrolyte (SSE) / cathode integration, and (2) understand battery failure mechanisms via ex situ and in situ characterization.
The project has two primary objectives: (1) down select three-dimensional (3D) printing and post-processing approaches for solid-state electrolyte (SSE) / cathode integration, and (2) understand battery failure mechanisms via ex situ and in situ characterization.
The project has two primary objectives: (1) down select three-dimensional (3D) printing and post-processing approaches for solid-state electrolyte (SSE) / cathode integration, and (2) understand battery failure mechanisms via ex situ and in situ characterization.
Processing reproducibility and versatility were demonstrated for producing addition-cured polyimide/graphite fiber composites using a unique in situ polymerization of monomeric reactants directly on the fiber surface. The polymers so derived, designated PMR polyimides, can be fabricated into composite structures by laminating, random fiber molding or autoclave curing. Composites were determined to be thermally stable and retain useful properties after extended exposures at 550 to 650 F. The material and fabrication capability were demonstrated by the fabrication and evaluation of prototype complex fan blades.-
Improved second generation wind algorithms are used to process the three month SEASAT SMMR and SASS data sets. The new algorithms are derived without using in situ anemometer measurements. All known biases in the sensors prime measurements are removed, and the algorithms prime model functions are internally self-consistent. The computed SMMR and SASS winds are collocated and compared on a 150 km cell-by-cell basis, giving a total of 115444 wind comparisons. The comparisons are done using three different sets of SMMR channels. When the 6.6H SMMR channel is used for wind retrieval, the SMMR and SASS winds agree to within 1.3 m/s over the SASS primary swath. At nadir where the radar cross section is less sensitive to wind, the agreement degrades to 1.9 m/s. The agreement is very good for winds from 0 to 15 m/s. Above 15 m/s, the off-nadir SASS winds are consistently lower than the SMMR winds, while at nadir the high SASS winds are greater than SMMR's. When 10.7H is used for the SMMR wind channel, the SMMR/SASS wind comparisons are not quite as good. When the frequency of the wind channel is increased to 18 GHz, the SMMR/SASS agreement substantially degrades to about 5 m/s.
Improved second generation wind algorithms are used to process the three month Seasat SMMR and SASS data sets. The new algorithms are derived without using in situ anemometer measurements. All known biases in the sensors prime measurements are removed, and the algorithms prime model functions are internally self-consistent. The computed SMMR and SASS winds are collocated and compared on a 10 km cell-by-cell basis, giving a total of 115444 wind comparisons. The comparisons are done using three different sets of SMMR channels. When the 6.6H SMMR channel is used for wind retrieval, the SMMR and SASS winds agree to within 1.3 m/s over the SASS primary swath. At nadir where the radar cross section is less sensitive to wind, the agreement degrades to 1.9 m/s. The agreement is very good for winds from 0 to 15 m/s. Above 15 m/s, the off-nadir SASS winds are consistently lower than the SMMR winds, while at nadir the high SASS winds are greater than SMMR's. When 10.7H is used for the SMMR wind channel, the SMMR/SASS wind comparisons are not quite as good. When the frequency of the wind channel is increased to 18 GHz, the SMMR/SASS agreement substantially degrades to about 5 m/S.
Ion pickup by the solar wind is a topic of current interest. In situ observations and theoretical studies establish a fairly good understanding of the physics of the ion-pickup process. In a weakly turbulent solar wind, hydromagnetic waves that are either intrinsic or excited by the newborn ions can lead to pitch-angle diffusion which can be approximately described by the quasi-linear theory with or without incorporating the resonance-broadening mechanism due to weak turbulence. According to the weak turbulence theory, the pickup ions do not form a complete spherical shell distribution in the time-asymptotic state unless the wave field is sufficiently strong. In some cases the ions only possess a partial or incomplete shell. When the solar wind is highly turbulent, direct interaction between the wave fields and the newborn ions can result in rapid pitch-angle scattering leading to swift formation of a spherical shell distribution on the time scale of an ion gyro-period.
Magnetospheric substorms represent the episodic dissipation of energy stored in the geomagnetic tail that was previously extracted from the solar wind. This energy release produces activity throughout the entire magnetosphere-ionosphere system, and it results in a wide variety of phenomena such as auroral intensifications and the generation of new current systems. All of these phenomena involve the acceleration of particles, sometimes up to several MeV. We present a brief overview of substorm phenomenology. We then review some of the evidence for particle acceleration in Earth's magnetosphere during substorms. Such in-situ observations in this most accessible of all cosmic plasma domains may hold important clues to understanding acceleration processes in more distant astrophysical systems.
This is Volume 1 of 3 of the 2000 Microgravity Material Science Conference that was held June 6-8 at the Von Braun Center, Huntsville, Alabama. It was organized by the Microgravity Materials Science Discipline Working Group, sponsored by the Microgravity Research Division (MRD) at NASA Headquarters, and hosted by NASA Marshall Space Flight Center and the Alliance for Microgravity Materials Science and Applications (AMMSA). It was the fourth NASA conference of this type in the microgravity materials science discipline. The microgravity science program sponsored approx. 200 investigators, all of whom made oral or poster presentations at this conference. In addition, posters and exhibits covering NASA microgravity facilities, advanced technology development projects sponsored by the NASA Microgravity Research Division at NASA Headquarters, and commercial interests were exhibited. The purpose of the conference was to inform the materials science community of research opportunities in reduced gravity and to highlight the Spring 2001 release of the NASA Research Announcement (NRA) to solicit proposals for future investigations. It also served to review the current research and activities in materials science, to discuss the envisioned long-term goals. and to highlight new crosscutting research areas of particular interest to MRD. The conference was aimed at materials science researchers from academia, industry, and government. A workshop on in situ resource utilization (ISRU) was held in conjunction with the conference with the goal of evaluating and prioritizing processing issues in Lunar and Martian type environments. The workshop participation included invited speakers and investigators currently funded in the material science program under the Human Exploration and Development of Space (HEDS) initiative. The conference featured a plenary session every day with an invited speaker that was followed by three parallel breakout sessions in subdisciplines. Attendance was close to 350 people. Posters were available for viewing during the conference and a dedicated poster session was held on the second day. Nanotechnology radiation shielding materials, Space Station science opportunities, biomaterials research, and outreach and educational aspects of the program were featured in the plenary talks. This volume, the first to be released on CD-ROM for materials science, is comprised of the research reports submitted by the Principal Investigators at the conference.
This is Volume 2 of 3 of the 2000 Microgravity Materials Science Conference that was held June 6-8 at the Von Braun Center, Huntsville, Alabama. It was organized by the Microgravity Materials Science Discipline Working Group, sponsored by the Microgravity Research Division (MRD) at NASA Headquarters, and hosted by NASA Marshall Space Flight Center and the Alliance for Microgravity Materials Science and Applications (AMMSA). It was the fourth NASA conference of this type in the Microgravity materials science discipline. The microgravity science program sponsored approx. 200 investigators, all of whom made oral or poster presentations at this conference- In addition, posters and exhibits covering NASA microgravity facilities, advanced technology development projects sponsored by the NASA Microgravity Research Division at NASA Headquarters, and commercial interests were exhibited. The purpose of the conference %%,its to inform the materials science community of research opportunities in reduced gravity and to highlight the Spring 2001 release of the NASA Research Announcement (NRA) to solicit proposals for future investigations. It also served to review the current research and activities in material,, science, to discuss the envisioned long-term goals. and to highlight new crosscutting research areas of particular interest to MRD. The conference was aimed at materials science researchers from academia, industry, and government. A workshop on in situ resource utilization (ISRU) was held in conjunction with the conference with the goal of evaluating and prioritizing processing issues in Lunar and Martian type environments. The workshop participation included invited speakers and investigators currently funded in the material science program under the Human Exploration and Development of Space (HEDS) initiative. The conference featured a plenary session every day with an invited speaker that was followed by three parallel breakout sessions in subdisciplines. Attendance was close to 350 people, Posters were available for viewing during the conference and a dedicated poster session was held on the second day. Nanotechnology, radiation shielding materials, Space Station science opportunities, biomaterials research, and outreach and educational aspects of the program were featured in the plenary talks. This volume, the first to be released on CD-ROM for materials science, is comprised of the research reports submitted by the Principal Investigators at the conference.
This is Volume 3 of 3 of the 2000 Microgravity Materials Science Conference that was held June 6-8 at the Von Braun Center, Huntsville, Alabama. It was organized by the Microgravity Materials Science Discipline Working Group, sponsored by the Microgravity Research Division (MRD) at NASA Headquarters, and hosted by NASA Marshall Space Flight Center and the Alliance for Microgravity Materials Science and Applications (AMMSA). It was the fourth NASA conference of this type in the Microgravity materials science discipline. The microgravity science program sponsored ~200 investigators, all of whom made oral or poster presentations at this conference- In addition, posters and exhibits covering NASA microgravity facilities, advanced technology development projects sponsored by the NASA Microgravity Research Division at NASA Headquarters, and commercial interests were exhibited. The purpose of the conference was to inform the materials science community of research opportunities in reduced gravity and to highlight the Spring 2001 release of the NASA Research Announcement (NRA) to solicit proposals for future investigations. It also served to review the current research and activities in material,, science, to discuss the envisioned long-term goals. and to highlight new crosscutting research areas of particular interest to MRD. The conference was aimed at materials science researchers from academia, industry, and government. A workshop on in situ resource utilization (ISRU) was held in conjunction with the conference with the goal of evaluating and prioritizing processing issues in Lunar and Martian type environments. The workshop participation included invited speakers and investigators currently funded in the material science program under the Human Exploration and Development of Space (HEDS) initiative. The conference featured a plenary session every day with an invited speaker that was followed by three parallel breakout sessions in subdisciplines. Attendance was close to 350 people, Posters were available for viewing during the conference and a dedicated poster session was held on the second day. Nanotechnology, radiation shielding materials, Space Station science opportunities, biomaterials research, and outreach and educational aspects of the program were featured in the plenary talks. This volume, the first to be released on CD-ROM for materials science, is comprised of the research reports submitted by the Principal Investigators at the conference.
Satellite observations of global ocean chlorophyll span over two decades. However, incompatibilities between processing algorithms prevent us from quantifying natural variability. We applied a comprehensive reanalysis to the Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) archive, called the NOAA-NASA CZCS Reanalysis (NCR) Effort. NCR consisted of 1) algorithm improvement (AI), where CZCS processing algorithms were improved using modernized atmospheric correction and bio-optical algorithms, and 2) blending, where in situ data were incorporated into the CZCS AI to minimize residual errors. The results indicated major improvement over the previously available CZCS archive. Global spatial and seasonal patterns of NCR chlorophyll indicated remarkable correspondence with modern sensors, suggesting compatibility. The NCR permits quantitative analyses of interannual and interdecadal trends in global ocean chlorophyll.
Using the sounding measurements from the radio plasma imager on IMAGE, and a plasma density inversion algorithm, we derive the plasma density profiles along the magnetic field in a few L-shells every 14 hours at magnetic local noon before, during, and after the March 31,2001 magnetic storm. An empirical model of the plasmaspheric plasma density distribution is derived as a reference using the measurements before the storm. During the storm, the equatorial plasma was substantially depleted in a range of L-shells. The flux tubes were refilled after the storm. The filling ratio, the equatorial plasma density normalized by its quiet-time value before the storm, is introduced to assess the time evolution of the depletion and refilling processes. The depletion, more than two thirds of the quiet time content, appeared to occur rather quickly after the storm onset, as determined by the limited temporal resolution of the measurements. The refilling proceeded, although more slowly than the depletion process, significantly faster than the theoretical prediction of a 3-day time scale. Dynamic structures are observed in situ and confirmed by the extreme ultraviolet imager (EUV) measurements.
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