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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 181 records · Page 10
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS2003

Electric Field Effect on Bubble Detachment in Variable Gravity Environment

The subject of the present study, the process of bubble detachment from an orifice in a plane surface, shows some resemblance to bubble departure in boiling. Because of the high heat transfer coefficients associated with phase change processes, boiling is utilized in many industrial operations and is an attractive solution to cooling problems in aerospace engineering. In terrestrial conditions, buoyancy is responsible for bubble removal from the surface. In space, the gravity level being orders of magnitude smaller than on earth, bubbles formed during boiling remain attached at the surface. As a result, the amount of heat removed from the heated surface can decrease considerably. The use of electric fields is proposed to control bubble behavior and help bubble removal from the surface on which they form. The objective of the study is to investigate the behavior of individual air bubbles injected through an orifice into an electrically insulating liquid under the influence of a static electric field. Bubble cycle life were visualized in terrestrial conditions and for several reduced gravity levels. Bubble volume, dimensions and contact angle at detachment were measured and analyzed for different parameters as gravity level and electric field magnitude. Situations were considered with uniform or non-uni form electric field. Results show that these parameters significantly affect bubble behavior, shape, volume and dimensions.

Iacona, Estelle↗
NASA NTRS1982

Two-dimensional inversion technique for satellite airglow data

A technique is described which inverts satellite airglow data producing volume emission rates as functions of altitude and position. The inversion is applied to data obtained when the spacecraft spins in the orbital plane. The altitude and height resolutions are constrained by the geometry chosen to simplify the inversion. The limitations of the method and its implementation on data from the Visual Airglow Experiment onboard the Atmosphere Explorer satellite are discussed. Sample maps of brightness and volume emission rates are shown.

Fesen, C. G.↗
NASA NTRS2008

Data Visualization and Analysis for Climate Studies using NASA Giovanni Online System

With many global earth observation systems and missions focused on climate systems and the associated large volumes of observational data available for exploring and explaining how climate is changing and why, there is an urgent need for climate services. Giovanni, the NASA GES DISC Interactive Online Visualization ANd ANalysis Infrastructure, is a simple to use yet powerful tool for analysing these data for research on global warming and climate change, as well as for applications to weather. air quality, agriculture, and water resources,

Rui, Hualan↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Interoperable Map Services with Performance Tuning for Earth Science Data through API-Tiles and Dynamic API-Styles

NASA’s Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC) provides access to a wide range of global climate data from various satellite missions and models. However, the visualization and analysis of these data can be challenging due to their large volume, complex structure, and diverse formats. This study presents the implementation of interoperable map services (API-Maps) with performance tuning using API-Tiles and dynamic API-Styles. API-Maps is a standard for defining and exposing map services through RESTful (representational state transfer) APIs (application programming interfaces). API-Tiles is a technique for generating and delivering map tiles on demand from any data source. API-Styles is a method for dynamically applying styles to map tiles based on user preferences or data attributes. The use of API-Tiles and dynamic API-Styles enhances the performance and scalability of the map services, allowing for smooth and interactive visualization of large datasets. Two types of Earth Science data sources from the NASA GES DISC are used in the experiment: regularly gridded data, such as Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) precipitation data, and low processing level data, such as low-level data of atmospheric composite measurements from the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) mission. Re-gridding of swath data (low level data - e.g. Level 2) of atmospheric composites (e.g. TROPOMI products, such as nitrogen dioxide, ozone and aerosol optical depth) is applied to enable the Web-based, interoperable, tiled, and styled mapping (rendering) services of such data. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in providing fast and efficient access to Earth science data through interoperable map services.

Geographic Information System↗
NASA NTRS1992

Knowledge-based assistance for science visualization and analysis using large distributed databases

Within this decade, the growth in complexity of exploratory data analysis and the sheer volume of space data require new and innovative approaches to support science investigators in achieving their research objectives. To date, there have been numerous efforts addressing the individual issues involved in inter-disciplinary, multi-instrument investigations. However, while successful in small scale, these efforts have not proven to be open and scaleable. This proposal addresses four areas of significant need: scientific visualization and analysis; science data management; interactions in a distributed, heterogeneous environment; and knowledge-based assistance for these functions. The fundamental innovation embedded within this proposal is the integration of three automation technologies, namely, knowledge-based expert systems, science visualization and science data management. This integration is based on the concept called the Data Hub. With the Data Hub concept, NASA will be able to apply a more complete solution to all nodes of a distributed system. Both computation nodes and interactive nodes will be able to effectively and efficiently use the data services (access, retrieval, update, etc.) with a distributed, interdisciplinary information system in a uniform and standard way. This will allow the science investigators to concentrate on their scientific endeavors, rather than to involve themselves in the intricate technical details of the systems and tools required to accomplish their work. Thus, science investigators need not be programmers. The emphasis will be on the definition and prototyping of system elements with sufficient detail to enable data analysis and interpretation leading to publishable scientific results. In addition, the proposed work includes all the required end-to-end components and interfaces to demonstrate the completed concept.

Handley, Thomas H., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1993

Knowledge-based assistance for science visualization and analysis using large distributed databases

Within this decade, the growth in complexity of exploratory data analysis and the sheer volume of space data require new and innovative approaches to support science investigators in achieving their research objectives. To date, there have been numerous efforts addressing the individual issues involved in inter-disciplinary, multi-instrument investigations. However, while successful in small scale, these efforts have not proven to be open and scalable. This proposal addresses four areas of significant need: scientific visualization and analysis; science data management; interactions in a distributed, heterogeneous environment; and knowledge-based assistance for these functions. The fundamental innovation embedded with this proposal is the integration of three automation technologies, namely, knowledge-based expert systems, science visualization and science data management. This integration is based on concept called the DataHub. With the DataHub concept, NASA will be able to apply a more complete solution to all nodes of a distributed system. Both computation nodes and interactive nodes will be able to effectively and efficiently use the data services (address, retrieval, update, etc.) with a distributed, interdisciplinary information system in a uniform and standard way. This will allow the science investigators to concentrate on their scientific endeavors, rather than to involve themselves in the intricate technical details of the systems and tools required to accomplish their work. Thus, science investigators need not be programmers. The emphasis will be on the definition and prototyping of system elements with sufficient detail to enable data analysis and interpretation leading to publishable scientific results. In addition, the proposed work includes all the required end-to-end components and interfaces to demonstrate the completed concept.

Handley, Thomas H., Jr.↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Entwine Point Tiles for 3D Visualization and Querying of ICESat-2

Point Cloud data from non-optical sensors present challenges in scientific computing in both volume of data and files, even for cloud services environments. As part of the Multi-Mission Algorithm and Analysis Platform (MAAP), a joint open science platform for global biomass modelling, we’ve developed a cloud optimized workflow for using ATL08 (ICESat-2) data as a point cloud. For MAAP, the ATL08 data product is published as Entwine Point Tiles (EPT), allowing users to visualize and query the full extent of this collection interactively without pre-downloading, or preprocessing. The EPT format is a cloud-optimized point cloud data format which re-organizes points into a cloud friendly spatially indexed data structure. MAAP uses AWS S3 to store these point clouds and serves them over OGC specified APIs, 3DTiles for visualization, and WFS for querying. This workflow allows for interactive 3D visualizations in a web browser, including notebook environments and facilitates on the fly subsetting for interactive data exploration, all of which can be applied to other similar sensors.

Alex Mandel↗
NASA NTRS1980

Saturn - UBV photoelectric pinhole scans of the disk. II

During the 1980 Saturn apparition, UBV pinhole scans of the disk were obtained with a photoelectric area-scanning photometer. An analysis of these data reveals that the atmosphere of Saturn can be represented by a finite clear H2 layer overlying a semiinfinite absorbent aerosol haze. The extent of the clear H2 region appears to be latitude-dependent; the H2 column density varies systematically from about 15 km-am over the equatorial and polar regions to about 31 km-am at temperate latitudes. A previous conclusion that the aerosol haze is strongly absorbent in the UV is confirmed; its effective U-band single-scattering albedo is about 0.4. Latitudinal disk structure at visual wavelengths appears to be the result of local variations in the volume density of absorbent particles in the aerosol layer.

Price, M. J.↗
NASA NTRS2006

Daily Planet Redesign: eZ Publish Web Content Management Implementation

This viewgraph presentation reviews the process of the redesign of the Daily . Planet news letter as a content management implementation project. This is a site that is an internal news site that acts as a communication vehicle for a large volume of content. The Objectives for the site redesign was: (1) Clean visual design, (2) Facilitation of publication processes, (3) More efficient maintenance mode, (4) Automated publishing to internal portal, (5) Better navigation through improved site IA, (6) Archiving and retrieval functionality, (7) Back to basics on fundamental business goals. The CM is a process not a software package

web content management↗
NASA NTRS1989

Flight Set 360T004 (STS-30) Insulation Component, Interim Release, Volume 3

The insulation component of the Redesigned Solid Rocket Motor (RSRM) is discussed. The results of all visual evaluations and a thermal safety factor analysis are given. The data contained here supersedes the interim release and the insulation data presented in the Clearfield 10 day report. The objective is to document the postflight condition of the internal and external insulation of nozzle to case joints, the case field joints, the igniter to case joints, and the acreage insulation which made up RSRM-4A and RSRM-4B.

Passman, James A.↗
NASA NTRS2010

Data Visualization and Analysis Tools for the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Validation Network

The Validation Network (VN) prototype for the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Mission compares data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite Precipitation Radar (PR) to similar measurements from U.S. and international operational weather radars. This prototype is a major component of the GPM Ground Validation System (GVS). The VN provides a means for the precipitation measurement community to identify and resolve significant discrepancies between the ground radar (GR) observations and similar satellite observations. The VN prototype is based on research results and computer code described by Anagnostou et al. (2001), Bolen and Chandrasekar (2000), and Liao et al. (2001), and has previously been described by Morris, et al. (2007). Morris and Schwaller (2009) describe the PR-GR volume-matching algorithm used to create the VN match-up data set used for the comparisons. This paper describes software tools that have been developed for visualization and statistical analysis of the original and volume matched PR and GR data.

Morris, Kenneth R.↗
NASA NTRS2010

Data Visualization and Analysis Tools for the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Validation Network

The Validation Network (VN) prototype for the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission compares data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite Precipitation Radar (PR) to similar measurements from U.S. and international operational weather radars. This prototype is a major component of the GPM Ground Validation System (GVS). The VN provides a means for the precipitation measurement community to identify and resolve significant discrepancies between the ground radar (GR) observations and similar satellite observations. The VN prototype is based on research results and computer code described by Anagnostou et al. (2001), Bolen and Chandrasekar (2000), and Liao et al. (2001), and has previously been described by Morris, et al. (2007). Morris and Schwaller (2009) describe the PR-GR volume-matching algorithm used to create the VN match-up data set used for the comparisons. This paper describes software tools that have been developed for visualization and statistical analysis of the original and volume matched PR and GR data.

Morris, K. Robert↗
NASA NTRS1995

Using the application visualization system to view HALOE three-dimensional satellite data

The Application Visualization System (AVS) is used to view a three-dimensional data field containing the volume mixing ratios of a chemical species in the middle atmosphere obtained by the Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE) aboard the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS). Since launch in September 1991, HALOE has been collecting data on approximately 30 sunrise/sunset events in two narrow latitude bands each day. The vertical volume mixing ratio profiles are retrieved for eight species for each event. The accumulated data for approximately 30 days cover most of the globe (limited by sunlit latitudes), and this monthly data block can be described as the volume mixing ratio of a specific species in the atmosphere as a function of latitude, longitude, and height. The data were remapped using linear interpolation for pressure levels and Gaussian weighted binning from sampling locations to a three-dimensional grid. An AVS network is constructed that allows for viewing the three-dimensional field with rendered slices at constant latitudes, longitudes or pressure levels. Discussions are given on the advantages and some disadvantages learned about from experiences applying AVS to visualize HALOE three dimensional data.

Luo, Mingzhao↗
DOE OSTI2024

A High-Quality Workflow for Multi-Resolution Scientific Data Reduction and Visualization

Multi-resolution methods such as Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR) can enhance storage efficiency for HPC applications generating vast volumes of data. However, their applicability is limited and cannot be universally deployed across all applications. Furthermore, integrating lossy compression with multi-resolution techniques to further boost storage efficiency encounters significant barriers. To this end, we introduce an innovative workflow that facilitates high-quality multi-resolution data compression for both uniform and AMR simulations. Initially, to extend the usability of multi-resolution techniques, our workflow employs a compression-oriented Region of Interest (ROI) extraction method, transforming uniform data into a multi-resolution format. Subsequently, to bridge the gap between multi-resolution techniques and lossy compressors, we optimize three distinct compressors, ensuring their optimal performance on multi-resolution data. These optimizations can improve the compression ratio of SOTA approaches by up to 3.3× under the same data quality loss. Lastly, we incorporate an advanced uncertainty visualization method into our workflow to understand the potential impacts of lossy compression. Experimental evaluation demonstrates that our workflow achieves significant compression quality improvements.

Wang, Daoce↗
DOE OSTI2022

Cryotrapping peroxide in the active site of human mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase crystals for neutron diffraction

Structurally identifying the enzymatic intermediates of redox proteins has been elusive due to difficulty in resolving the H atoms involved in catalysis and the susceptibility of ligand complexes to photoreduction from X-rays. Cryotrapping ligands for neutron protein crystallography combines two powerful tools that offer the advantage of directly identifying hydrogen positions in redox-enzyme intermediates without radiolytic perturbation of metal-containing active sites. However, translating cryogenic techniques from X-ray to neutron crystallography is not straightforward due to the large crystal volumes and long data-collection times. Here, methods have been developed to visualize the evasive peroxo complex of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) so that all atoms, including H atoms, could be visualized. The subsequent cryocooling and ligand-trapping methods resulted in neutron data collection to 2.30 Å resolution. The P 6 1 22 crystal form of MnSOD is challenging because it has some of the largest unit-cell dimensions ( a = b = 77.8, c = 236.8 Å) ever studied using high-resolution cryo-neutron crystallography. The resulting neutron diffraction data permitted the visualization of a dioxygen species bound to the MnSOD active-site metal that was indicative of successful cryotrapping.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2023

Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Flow Boiling in Additive Manufactured Foam Structures With Vapor Pathways

Abstract The unique properties of metal foams make them potential candidates for a range of applications, including microsystem thermal management. Using additive manufacturing to create foam-type structures can improve upon prior thermal solutions by eliminating thermal interface materials and allowing for customization/local control of parameters. In the present investigation, flow boiling in additive-manufactured metal foams is investigated both experimentally and numerically. Two test samples, one with uniform structure and the other with pathways for vapor removal, are compared both experimentally and numerically. A conjugate computational fluid dynamics and heat transfer (CFD-HT) model utilizing a three-dimensional volume of fluid (VOF) model with accompanying evaporation/condensation model provided in-depth visualization of the boiling flow phenomena. The experiments generated the thermohydraulic performance over a range of heat fluxes, demonstrating that the sample incorporating dedicated vapor pathways performed better in both pressure and heat transfer performance metrics compared to the uniform foam. Additionally, negative system-level effects (i.e., hydraulic oscillations) were shown to be abated using the vapor removal structures. The numerical model yielded further insight into the factors contributing to the improved performance. Results indicated the pathways functioned as vapor removal channels, allowing the generated vapor to vent from the foam structure into the lanes. Further computational investigations demonstrated changes in flow regimes, where the addition of vapor channels caused the flow to change from churn to annular. Bubble behavior unique to the vapor pathway structure was studied, showing stagnant regions that eject vapor into the channel.

Engineering↗
NASA NTRS1975

Television systems for remote manipulation

An analytical and experimental study was conducted to specify a video system for remote manipulation in space. An operator function analysis identified two basic characteristics, work volume and element relationship, which define four manipulation tasks chosen for examination. A visual function analysis developed a set of elemental scene parameters which grouped the visual dimensions into major areas of influence. Simulation testing was conducted with a four degree-of-freedom motion frame which allowed an operator to perform the manipulation tasks. Four video systems were included in the simulation testing: a black and white and a color monoscopic system, a stereoscopic system, and a black and white two-view system. A sequential experimental plan first provided an overall analysis of the effects of tasks, scene parameters, and video systems. This was followed by a detailed experimental examination of the critical dimensions identified in the first experiment. Results are discussed in terms of a recommended TV system.

Crooks, W. H.↗