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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 181 records · Page 10
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2022

HERA M&S Exercise Problem Description Report

The Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) Framework for Irradiation Experiments (FIDES) program includes the High burnup Experiments for Reactivity initiated Accident (HERA) Joint Experimental Program (JEEP). The HERA project is focused on studying Light Water Reactor (LWR) fuel behavior during Reactivity Initiated Accident (RIA) conditions. The HERA experiment plan includes analytical integral experiments using test specimens tailored to investigate specific conditions of relevance as well as prototypic integral experiments focused on irradiated fuel from prototypic origin. Modeling & simulation (M&S) is a key component of any experiment program, and the HERA JEEP is coordinating a M&S exercise. The purpose of this document is to provide problem descriptions to support the HERA M&S exercise based on fuel performance modeling. The HERA M&S exercise is expected to evolve into multiple efforts in outyears. This document may be revised and expanded to incorporate those evolutions.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2020

pLiner

Compiler optimizations can alter significantly the numerical results of scientific computing applications. When numerical results differ significantly between compilers, optimization levels, and floating-point hardware, these numerical inconsistencies can impact programming productivity. pLiner is a framework that helps programmers identify locations in the source code that are highly affected by compiler optimizations. pLiner uses a novel approach to identify such code locations by enhancing the floatingpoint precision of variables and expressions. Using a guided search to locate the most significant code regions, pLiner can report to users such locations at different granularities, file, function, and line of code.

Laguna Peralta, Ignacio↗
DOE OSTI2020

Excavation Volume Growth Factors at Environmental Remediation Sites - 20318

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) manages numerous environmental remediation projects in accordance with the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, otherwise known as CERCLA. These include projects for the Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program (FUSRAP). Utilizing the CERCLA framework to address these projects requires detailed cost estimates and a significant portion of costs are associated with the volume of material to be excavated and that material's final disposition. Accordingly, understanding the expected volumes and uncertainty associated with those volumes is vital to project cost estimating. These estimates are completed at various stages of the CERCLA process, thus the project team has varying degrees of information available from which to develop these estimates depending on how far along the project is. Understanding the factors contributing to volume growth (increase in volume of material from that originally estimated) is a crucial element to determining volume and cost uncertainty. This paper presents a case study of a FUSRAP site which involves excavation and offsite disposal of contaminated soils from complex commercial, industrial, and residential properties. Original volume estimates were compared to post excavation volumes on a property by property basis. Reasons for differences are determined along with magnitude of impacts to cost estimating. For both residential and commercial property types, volume estimating factors, uncertainty considerations, and methods to account for each are discussed with emphasis on volume growth considerations. Cost estimating model input considerations are discussed with specific emphasis on accounting for volume uncertainty at the Feasibility Study (FS) phase of CERCLA. Underestimating or overestimating costs at the FS phase has repercussions under CERCLA that may impact project close out or completion schedule. Discussions presented will be helpful to both reviewers and preparers of cost estimates involving excavations. Additionally, project planners may be able to use the information to plan for volume growth contingencies. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2023

HERA Modeling and Simulation Exercise: BISON Results

A Modeling and Simulation (M&S) exercise is being performed for the High burnup Experiments for Reactivity initiated Accident (HERA) project under the Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) Framework for Irradiation Experiments (FIDES) program. The goal of the M&S exercise is to improve M&S and experiment integration, facilitate community involvement in experiment design and interpretation, facilitate community collaboration, and aid in ensuring program data meet fuel performance code needs. The M&S exercise will compile and compare results from over 20 international organizations using 14 different fuel performance codes. This paper presents the results from the BISON fuel performance code generated by the Idaho National Laboratory participants.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Calibration of a mesoscale tritium transport model for ceramic breeder materials in TMAP8 using experimental data

Due to the scarcity of the long-term external tritium supply, lithium-containing breeder materials are used in the blanket of fusion reactors to produce tritium faster than the deuterium-tritium fusion reaction consumes it. A cellular breeder is a promising material with higher lithium density and thermal conductivity than conventional ceramic pebbles and enhanced tritium extraction with interconnected pores. Although several experimental and modeling efforts have improved our understanding of tritium transport, the exact mechanisms governing tritium release from breeder materials are still unknown. As a result, current models cannot reliably assess the tritium breeding capabilities of cellular breeder materials. This work presents a tritium transport multiphysics model and calibrates it using experimental data of deuterium absorption and desorption from cellular breeder materials at different temperatures and pressures. This model accounts for ceramic and pore diffusion, trapping and detrapping, and several surface reactions at the pore surface. After calibrating the model and performing sensitivity analysis, we discuss pre-dominant mechanisms governing tritium release from cellular breeder materials. The model is part of the Tritium Migration Analysis Program [TMAP8], a multiscale, multiphysics framework for tritium transport based on the finite element multiphysics framework MOOSE. This study demonstrates some of TMAP8’s capabilities and provides insight into the mechanisms governing tritium transport in cellular ceramic breeder materials.

08 HYDROGEN↗
DOE OSTI2026

Estimating Return on Investment for Energy Technical Assistance Programs

The U.S. Department of Energy's Office of State and Community Energy Programs engaged the National Laboratory of the Rockies to assess the return on investment (ROI) of technical assistance (TA) programs that support state, local, and Tribal energy planning. Although TA delivers value through capacity building, stakeholder engagement, and knowledge transfer, these benefits are often intangible and challenging to monetize. This study reviews existing ROI frameworks and synthesizes the most relevant elements into a hybrid approach tailored to energy TA programs. The proposed framework integrates monetary and non-monetary outcomes through early logic model development, baseline data collection, and the use of proxies for intangible benefits. As a case study, this paper applies this approach to the Communities Local Energy Action Program (Communities LEAP), demonstrating how ROI can inform program design, data strategy, and performance assessment. Findings underscore that ROI should be applied selectively and planned from the outset to ensure data alignment and attribution accuracy. The framework offers TA practitioners a structured approach that can be leveraged for future programs to evaluate and communicate the multifaceted value of TA investments.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
DOE OSTI2022

Finite-volume pionless effective field theory for few-nucleon systems with differentiable programming

Finite-volume pionless effective field theory provides an efficient framework for the extrapolation of nuclear spectra and matrix elements calculated at finite volume in lattice QCD to infinite volume, and to nuclei with larger atomic number. In this work, it is demonstrated how this framework may be implemented via a set of correlated Gaussian wave functions optimized using differentiable programming and via solution of a generalized eigenvalue problem. This approach is shown to be significantly more efficient than a stochastic implementation of the variational method based on the same form of correlated Gaussian wave functions, yielding comparably accurate representations of the ground-state wave functions with an order of magnitude fewer terms. The efficiency of representation allows such calculations to be extended to larger systems than in previous work. Further, the method is demonstrated through calculations of the binding energies of nuclei with atomic number A ϵ {2,3,4} in finite volume, matched to lattice QCD calculations at quark masses corresponding to m π = 806 MeV, and infinite-volume effective field theory calculations of A ϵ {2,3,4,5,6} systems based on this matching.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2026

Demand response event simulator and risk-aware bidding tool for industrial customers

Incentive Based Demand Response (IBDR) program participation delivers financial benefits to the consumers and resiliency benefits to the electricity grid. Effectively participating in these programs as an industrial consumer requires bidding strategies that balance financial risk with operational constraints. Existing bidding tools tend not to fully incorporate stochastic IBDR event modeling, program specific baseline and payment/penalty calculations, or demand reduction process control schemes that account for the cascading impacts of shutdown in complex facilities. Here, this work presents an IBDR event simulator and risk-aware bidding framework tool integrating three key components: a flexible, parameterized demand response event generator that rigorously accounts for program structures and stochasticity, a demand response operational simulation model that generates explicit control strategies for load reduction, and a Monte Carlo simulator to evaluate financial risk for varied capacity bids. A case study at a wastewater treatment plant participating in PG&E's Capacity Bidding Program demonstrates the framework's utility. In the peak capacity price month of August, optimal bidding by the wastewater treatment plant nets a mean IBDR benefit of $101,000 (67% of the August electricity bill) with 0.4% probability of a financial loss. This framework enables industrial operators to make informed bidding decisions, negotiate better program terms with demand response load aggregators, and analyze energy flexibility investments at their facilities. Ultimately, this work reduces participation barriers in IBDR programs and supports the broader goal of enhancing grid reliability and renewable energy integration.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
DOE OSTI2025

Applying Social Science Methods to Assess and Improve Program Outcomes: A Case Study on the Gap Region Outreach Project

This paper outlines a replicable framework for assessing gaps, reach, and the impact of technical assistance (TA) programs, using the Energy to Communities (E2C) Gap Region Outreach Project as a case study. By applying qualitative social science methods, this framework provides tools for effectively engaging with underrepresented regions, identifying barriers to participation, and tailoring solutions to local needs. The study highlights the importance of leveraging stakeholder insights to address disparities in program engagement and participation, offering actionable recommendations to enhance program responsiveness and optimize resource allocation. This approach serves as a guide for practitioners seeking to expand the reach and effectiveness of federally funded TA programs while ensuring alignment with community priorities and capacity needs.

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗
DOE OSTI2024

Developing an Interactive OpenMP Book with Large Language Models

Abstract. This paper presents an approach to authoring a textbook titled Interactive OpenMP Programming with the assistance of Large Language Models (LLMs). The writing process utilized state-of-the-art LLMs, including Gemini Pro 1.5, Claude 3, and ChatGPT-4, to generate the initial structure and outline of the book, as well as the initial content for specific chapters. This content included detailed descriptions of individual OpenMP constructs and practical programming examples. The outline and content have then undergone extensive manual revisions to meet our book goals. In this paper, we report our findings about the capabilities and limitations of these LLMs. We address critical questions concerning the necessity of textbook resources and the effectiveness of LLMs in creating fundamental and practical programming content. Our findings suggest that while LLMs offer significant advantages in generating textbook content, they require careful integration with traditional educational methodologies to ensure depth, accuracy, and pedagogical effectiveness. The Interactive OpenMP Programming book is developed with the framework of Jupyter Book, enabling the execution of code within the book from the web browser, providing instant feedback and a dynamic learning experience that stands in contrast to traditional educational resources. The book represents a significant step towards modernizing programming education, offering insights into practical strategies for generating the textbook through advanced AI tools.

Large Language Model · OpenMP · Interactive Book ·↗
DOE OSTI2022

The Distributed Energy Resource Cybersecurity Framework

For facilities with distributed energy resources (DERs), cybersecurity must be considered holistically, across system architectures and down to individual components. It's hard to know where to start. That's why the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has developed an assessment tool for organizations with DERs to understand and improve their cybersecurity. With support from the U.S. Department of Energy's Federal Energy Management Program, the Distributed Energy Resource Cybersecurity Framework (DER-CF) provides a holistic evaluation of a facility's DER cybersecurity and makes customized recommendations that follow widely recognized best practices for cybersecurity. The DER-CF is available at no cost as an interactive web tool (dercf.nrel.gov).

cybersecurity↗
DOE OSTI2023

2023 FORCE Development Status Update

Technical and economic analysis of integrated energy systems (IES) using software models is a complex process requiring multiple commodity market decision analysis, optimal control, process modeling, and stochastic analysis. Many assumptions used in traditional energy analysis tools do not hold in future energy markets with significant storage and variable renewable energy sources (VRE), let alone with multiple commodity markets. Capturing these intricate elements for accurate techno-economic analysis of IES led to the development of the Framework for Optimization of ResourCes and Economics (FORCE) tool suite under the U.S. Department of Energy’s Integrated Energy Systems crosscutting technology program. With the aim of a full framework release in 2025, many improvements to the FORCE tool suite were developed in fiscal year 2023 (FY23). These improvements broadly fit into three focuses for development of FORCE: capability, accessibility, and reliability. Capability refers to the ability of FORCE to accurately model the technical and economic viability of various IES. Accessibility refers to ease-of-use for new and existing IES analysts to efficiently set up, analyze, and produce results using FORCE. Reliability refers to the consistency of the software, allowing consistency to analysis regardless of erstwhile changes to the software. In addition to many smaller changes, there are three major capability improvements in FORCE in FY23. In summary, FORCE developments in FY23 have moved us close to all the capability requirements for FORCE 1.0 to be delivered in FY25. Inclusion of Bayesian optimization, resilience metrics, and levelized cost analysis expand the capability, accessibility, and reliability of FORCE.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
DOE OSTI2022

TRITIUM TRANSPORT MODELING AT THE PORE SCALE IN CERAMIC BEEDER MATERIALS USING TMAP8

Fusion reactors depend on the blanket material to breed and release tritium at the same rate or faster than it is consumed by the fusion reaction. Cellular ceramic breeders are dense materials that can maintain a high tritium breeding ratio while promoting tritium release thanks to highly connected pores. Assessing the tritium breeding capabilities of these materials requires a combination of extensive experimental and modeling efforts. In this work, we develop and calibrate a multiphysics model of tritium transport. This novel model accounts for ceramic and pore diffusion, trapping and detrapping, and several surface reactions at the pore surface. We perform a sensitivity analysis and calibrate the model by comparing its predictions against experimental measurements of deuterium absorption. The calibrated model is then used to model tritium absorption in samples with different pore microstructures to investigate the effect of pore interconnectivity on tritium absorption. The model is part of the development of the multiscale, multiphysics framework for tritium transport (i.e., the Tritium Migration Analysis Program [TMAP8]), which is itself built on top of the finite element multiphysics framework MOOSE. This study demonstrates some of TMAP8’s capabilities, and is the first step toward assessing the tritium breeding capabilities of ceramic breeder material designs.

08 HYDROGEN↗
DOE OSTI2023

Medical Physics Leadership Academy Journal Club (Leadership Club) program: Two-year review in building a community of leaders

The American Association of Physicists in Medicine began the Medical Physics Leadership Academy Journal Club in the fall of 2020. The initiative was launched to provide a forum for medical physicists to learn about leadership topics using published material, discuss and reflect on the material, and consider incorporating the discussed skills into their professional practice. This report presents the framework for the MPLA Journal Club program, describes the lessons learned over the last 2 years, summarizes the data collected from attendees, and highlights the roadmap for the program moving forward.

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗
DOE OSTI2020

Training for Decommissioning and Waste Management - Competence in the Field of Nuclear Engineering - 20137

Due to the phase-out of nuclear power and the reorganization of the participating organizations in Germany, the demand for qualified personnel has increased. But the number of nuclear study programs has rapidly decreased in Germany, although qualified employees are needed for the upcoming tasks in nuclear decommissioning. The solution for those challenging tasks can only be achieved through a strategic approach, involving all stakeholders. AiNT supports this process by offering a tailor-made Education and Training (E and T) program in cooperation with a wide range of partners and initiating the project BEAST (Building competence - Expert knowledge - Applied techniques - Safe decommissioning - Train fellows) as part of the OECD NEA framework Nuclear Education, Skills and Technology (NEST) program. This paper describes the current situation in Germany, provides insight into the education and training program of AiNT, and presents the project BEAST. We are currently looking for international partner institutions that would like to cooperate with us within the framework of the BEAST project and expand the range of topics. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2024

NEAMS Technical Area Support in MOOSE

The MOOSE framework is a foundational capability used by the NEAMS program to create over 15 different simulation tools for advanced nuclear reactors. Due to this ubiquity, improvements to the framework in support of modeling and simulation goals are critical to the program. These improvements can take many forms including optimization, improved user experience, streamlined application programming interfaces (APIs), parallelism, and other new capabilities. The work transcribed in this report was conducted in direct support of the simulation tools and has already been deployed. The capabilities outlined in this report include enabling selective polynomial basis refinement, implementing a custom convergence system, building a scalable preconditioner for saddle-point problems, and much more.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2024

Increased accuracy of multiphysics simulations through flexible execution, transient algorithms, and modular physics

The MOOSE framework is a foundational capability used by the NEAMS program to create over 15 different simulation tools for advanced nuclear reactors. Due to MOOSE’s broad use, improvements to the framework in support of modeling and simulation goals are critical to the program. Such improvements can take many forms, including optimization, improved user experience, streamlined application programming interfaces (APIs), parallelism, and new capabilities. The work described in this report was conducted in direct support of the simulation tools and has already been deployed. The capabilities were implemented in the same order as they are covered in this report: multiple time integrators in the same input file, initial design of framework Components, an input file Application block, extension of NetGen to 3D geometries in MOOSE, and deployment of executors in the multi-system paradigm. These five additions are fundamental capabilities that will be leveraged by many NEAMS applications.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗