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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 181 records · Page 10
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS2019

Design of P-3 Nadir Port

This project details the design and analysis of a structure to replace the interface of the P-3B nadir port with an optimized interface for science installations. A new nadir port plug has been designed to replace the OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) plug (Lockheed PN 910169) currently used in Nadir ports 1 and 2 on the NASA P-3B aircraft. The plug consists of a milled frame that can be outfitted with customizable flat plates to meet a broad range of science needs. The frame slides into place using the existing P-3B rail system using a lever and tie-rod assembly. The seal interface will contact the Fuselage skin of the aircraft and consists of a bulb E-seal that is riveted around the perimeter of the frame. The flat plate (20 inches x 31 inches) provides a large profile that can be outfitted based on science mission goals and requirements to attach multiple instruments. This is a significant increase to the aircraft capability. Previously, the OEM plug had to be modified to hold very small plates, windows, or instruments limiting the use of the ports.There were several challenges for this project that included a constrained schedule, lack of historical references, and reverse engineering. The unusually tight schedule for design, manufacture, and install limited potential approaches. In addition, design of a new interface to replace the existing plug, on an aircraft designed in the 1960's by Lockheed for the Navy with little to no documentation, required substantial reverse engineering. In order to accomplish this, a suitable method to determine interface requirements with the aircraft had to be solved. After several iterations, the solution was to implement laser scanning techniques to scan the aircraft and the OEM plug and generate a 3D model to capture the design envelope. The structure is designed to maintain a positive margin of safety when subjected to the inertial, pressure, and aerodynamic load requirements for an external installation on the P-3B, as described in the Wallops' P-3B Design Requirements 548-RQMT-0001 Rev. A . A finite element model is created in FEMAP (Finite Element Modeling And Postprocessing) and is run through NX Nastran solver to analyze the structure. After several iterations of analysis, the structure was enveloped to hold 115 pounds evenly distributed on the plate.

Chance, Monica↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Using Scattered Light From Nadir Port to Aid the Terra and Aqua MODIS Reflective Solar Band Calibration

The MODIS instruments on the Terra and Aqua spacecraft employ a solar diffuser (SD) and a solar diffuser stability monitor (SDSM) system to calibrate their reflective solar bands (RSBs), covering a spectral range from 0.4 to 2.1 µm. The UV exposure of the SD, from its sun-view port as well as the scattered light (sunlight reflected from top-of-atmosphere), has led to a wavelength dependent degradation of the SD, with larger degradation observed at shorter wavelengths. The scatter off the diffuser onto the scan mirror is in the forward direction, whereas the scatter off the diffuser onto the SDSM fold mirror is in the backward direction. Since the outgoing angles (viewed by MODIS detectors) are the same as the scheduled SD calibration, the gain derived from scattering light facilitates monitoring the dependence of the SD’s degradation on incident angles. In this paper, we present a method that uses multiple orbits over each mission to obtain a SD response to the nadir port illumination. The SD degradation estimated from the nadir port illumination is compared with the degradation derived from the sun-illuminated SD. As both Terra and Aqua spacecraft continue to drift from their nominal orbits, the SD calibration mechanism has been adapted to these drifts, especially in terms of characterizing the transmission screen function. This paper also presents the utility of this scattering light data to support the RSB calibration in the post-nominal orbit drift era of operations.

MODIS↗
DOE OSTI2014

Glove port retrofit assembly and method of replacing components

What is disclosed is a system for retrofitting a sealed enclosure for performing work therein having an outer enclosure assembly configured to be clamped to the outer annular face of a port ring and form a sealed engagement with the outer annular surface of the port ring, a change assembly having an inner ring and an access element wherein the inner ring has a first annular cylinder body that is sized to be slidably received by the port ring and the access element is configured to be sealably and slidably positioned within the first annular cylinder body of the inner ring.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2018

Apparatus and method for fusion of compute and switching functions of exascale system into a single component by using configurable network-on-chip fabric with distributed dual mode input-output ports and programmable network interfaces

Described is an apparatus which comprises: a Network-On-Chip fabric using crossbar switches, having distributed ingress and egress ports; and a dual-mode network interface coupled to at least one crossbar switch, the dual-mode network interface is to include: a dual-mode circuitry; a controller operable to: configure the dual-mode circuitry to transmit and receive differential signals via the egress and ingress ports, respectively, and configure the dual-mode circuitry to transmit and receive signal-ended signals via the egress and ingress ports, respectively.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2020

High-density fabric systems interconnected with multi-port aggregated cables

A multi-port aggregated cable includes: a plurality of duplex optical fibers, each duplex optical fiber having a first end and a second end; a first optical interface attached to each of the duplex optical fibers at the first end thereof and defining multiple ports, one for each of the duplex optical fibers, the first optical interface aggregating the duplex optical fibers at the first end thereof; and a second optical interface attached to each of the duplex optical fibers at the second end thereof and defining multiple ports, one for each of the duplex optical fibers, the second optical interface aggregating the duplex optical fibers at the second end thereof.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2013

Remediation of the Highland Drive South Ravine, Port Hope, Ontario: Contaminated Groundwater Discharge Management Using Permeable Reactive Barriers and Contaminated Sediment Removal - 13447

The Highland Drive South Ravine (HDSR) is the discharge area for groundwater originating from the Highland Drive Landfill, the Pine Street North Extension (PSNE) roadbed parts of the Highland Drive roadbed and the PSNE Consolidation Site that contain historical low-level radioactive waste (LLRW). The contaminant plume from these LLRW sites contains elevated concentrations of uranium and arsenic and discharges with groundwater to shallow soils in a wet discharge area within the ravine, and directly to Hunt's Pond and Highland Drive South Creek, which are immediately to the south of the wet discharge area. Remediation and environmental management plans for HDSR have been developed within the framework of the Port Hope Project and the Port Hope Area Initiative. The LLRW sites will be fully remediated by excavation and relocation to a new Long-Term Waste Management Facility (LTWMF) as part of the Port Hope Project. It is projected, however, that the groundwater contaminant plume between the remediated LLRW sites and HDSR will persist for several hundreds of years. At the HDSR, sediment remediation within Hunt's Ponds and Highland Drive South Creek, excavation of the existing and placement of clean fill will be undertaken to remove current accumulations of solid-phase uranium and arsenic associated with the upper 0.75 m of soil in the wet discharge area, and permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) will be used for in situ treatment of contaminated groundwater to prevent the ongoing discharge of uranium and arsenic to the area in HDSR where shallow soil excavation and replacement has been undertaken. Bench-scale testing using groundwater from HDSR has confirmed excellent treatment characteristics for both uranium and arsenic using permeable reactive mixtures containing granular zero-valent iron (ZVI). A sequence of three PRBs containing ZVI and sand in backfilled trenches has been designed to intercept the groundwater flow system prior to its discharge to the ground surface and the creek and ponds in the HDSR. The first of the PRBs will be installed immediately up-gradient of the wet discharge area approximately 50 m from the creek, the other two will be installed across the area of shallow soil replacement, and all will extend from ground surface to the base of the water table aquifer through which the impacted groundwater flows. The PRBs have been designed to provide the removal of uranium and arsenic for decades, although the capacity of the treatment mixture for contaminant removal suggests that a longer period of treatment may be feasible. The environmental management plan includes an allowance for on-going monitoring, and replacement of a PRB(s) as might be required. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2017

Remediation of Residential Properties Contaminated with LLRW as Part of the Port Hope Area Initiative - 17456

The Port Hope Area Initiative (PHAI) is a community-based solution for the long-term management of historic low level radioactive waste (LLRW) resulting from 60 years of uranium and radium processing operations in the urban setting of Port Hope, Ontario. The Eldorado refinery, on the shores of Lake Ontario, began refining Ra-226 from pitchblende ore, later transitioning to the refining of uranium ore. Within the community of Town of Port Hope, surveys are being conducted at approximately 5000 individual properties to identify the presence of LLRW resulting from fugitive emissions from the refinery and/or the use of refinery residue as construction backfill within the community. Of the 5000 properties being surveyed, it is expected that approximately 10% will contain some degree of LLRW requiring physical remediation. The design phase for remediation of the first group of 44 residential properties to be included in the small scale sites program and the various challenges associated with working in a well-established community are presented. In developing the design packages for individual properties it is important to understand that this remedial phase represent the final and most intrusive aspect of the PHAI for those homeowners affected. As such, the success of the program is dependent on how well the needs and desires of the community and individual property owners are incorporated into the remedial designs and how well those designs are implemented to remove LLRW and restore properties to their original (or better) condition. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2024

Electrification Analysis: Container Ports' Cargo Handling Equipment

This one-page highlight details the key takeaways from a project that utilized NREL's Fleet Research, Energy Data, and Insights (FleetREDI) data analysis pipeline, the Electrification Analysis of Container Ports' Cargo Handling Equipment project. This project created a scalable solution to model energy demand per shipping container moved (kWh/TEU) for an all-electric cargo handling equipment fleet located at a maritime port. The model allows stakeholders to understand energy demand at each electric vehicle (EV) equipment level and is easily scalable to container demand and EV adoption rate projections.

ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS↗
DOE OSTI2025

Data-driven reduced-order models for port-Hamiltonian systems with operator inference

Hamiltonian operator inference has been developed in Sharma et al. (2022) to learn structure-preserving reduced-order models (ROMs) for Hamiltonian systems. The method constructs a low-dimensional model using only data and knowledge of the functional form of the Hamiltonian. The resulting ROMs preserve the intrinsic structure of the system, ensuring that the mechanical and physical properties of the system are maintained. In this work, we extend this approach to port-Hamiltonian systems, which generalize Hamiltonian systems by including energy dissipation, external input, and output. Based on snapshots of the system’s state and output, together with the information about the functional form of the Hamiltonian, reduced operators are inferred through optimization and are then used to construct data-driven ROMs. To further alleviate the complexity of evaluating nonlinear terms in the ROMs, a hyper-reduction method via discrete empirical interpolation is applied. Accordingly, we derive error estimates for the ROM approximations of the state and output. Lastly, we demonstrate the structure preservation, as well as the accuracy of the proposed port-Hamiltonian operator inference framework, through numerical experiments on a linear mass–spring-damper problem and a nonlinear Toda lattice problem.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2020

Design and Evaluation of a Tethered, Open Port Sampling Interface for Liquid Extraction-Mass Spectrometry Chemical Analysis

Presented in this work is a tethered, liquid-extraction-sampling interface designed for the mass spectrometric surface sampling/analysis of 3D objects. The tethered, open port sampling interface (TOPSI) incorporates a vacuum line between the sampling probe and ionization source, which enables the ability for an extended, tethered sample transfer line. Herein, several designs of the hand-held TOPSI are presented and evaluated on the basis of the analytical metrics of analyte transport time, peak width, and analyte sensitivity. The best analytical metrics were obtained with capillary flow resistances arranged in a particular order and the vacuum region set at 6.2 kPa. This TOPSI design incorporated a transfer capillary 1 m in length, while retaining a fast analyte transport time (12 s), short signal peak width (5 s baseline-to-baseline), and high analyte signal at 90% of that obtained with a regular open port sampling interface (OPSI). The hand-held TOPSI was demonstrated for the characterization of extracted small molecules and metabolites from the surface of mint and rosemary leaves.

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗
DOE OSTI2023

Continuous variable port-based teleportation

Abstract Port-based teleportation (PBT) is a generalisation of the standard teleportation protocol which does not require unitary operations by the receiver. This comes at the price of requiring N > 1 entangled pairs, while N = 1 for the standard teleportation protocol. The lack of correction unitaries allows PBT to be used as a fundamental theoretical tool to simulate arbitrary channels with a general resource, with applications to study fundamental limits of quantum communication, cryptography and sensing, and to define general programmable quantum computers. Here we introduce a general formulation of port-based teleportation in continuous variable systems and study in detail the N = 2 case. In particular, we interpret the resulting channel as an energy truncation and analyse the kinds of channels that can be naturally simulated after this restriction.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2021

Feed-Forward Compensation for Model Predictive Control in Tri-port Current-Source Medium-Voltage String Inverters for PV-Plus-Storage Farms

The novel tri-port current-source medium-voltage string inverter (TCS-MVSI) is a promising candidate for large-scale PV-plus-storage (PVS) farms owing to its galvanic isolation, easy storage integration, soft-switching capability across entire load range, controlled low dv/dt and EMI, benign fault tolerance, etc. Due to its low inertia feature, traditional PI-based control cannot manage large transients effectively. Instead, a model-based predictive control (MPC) is proposed to achieve robust and stable operation. As is well known, the control performance of MPC is compromised by the sampling and computational delay during implementation significantly, if not well addressed. This paper analyzed and quantified these delays and then proposes feed-forward compensation (FFC) for the MPC method to compensate the delays and the large parameter variations due to the low-inertia nature. In addition, this method also compensates for the high dc-link ripple within each switching cycle, a unique issue for low-inertia converters. Here, the proposed method requires low computational effort, allowing it to be extended for multiple ports. The effectiveness of the proposed method has been validated in experiments. In 10 kW test, the proposed method decreases the average dc-link current by 17%, leading to ~20% conduction losses and ~0.5% increase in converter efficiency. In addition, the peak dc-link current also decreases by 15%, resulting in reduced transformer size. As a result, an increased power density can be achieved with the proposed method. Similar improvements have been observed across the power range from 2 kW to 10 kW.

30 DIRECT ENERGY CONVERSION↗
DOE OSTI2013

U.S. Offshore Wind Port Readiness

This study will aid decision-makers in making informed decisions regarding the choice of ports for specific offshore projects, and the types of investments that would be required to make individual port facilities suitable to serve offshore wind manufacturing, installation and/or operations.

offshore, wind, develop, port, facilities, GL Garr↗
DOE OSTI2021

Port Authority of New York and New Jersey Sustainable Aviation Fuel Logistics and Production Study

The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey (PANYNJ) sustainability commitment is to meet the goals set by the Paris Agreement, with an interim greenhouse gas reduction target of 35% by 2025 and 80% by 2050. PANYNJ is seeking sustainable solutions to reduce carbon emissions for all public forms of transportation, including aviation. Similarly, the global aviation industry adopted the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA), which seeks to cap net carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) aviation emissions at 2020 levels through 2035. Industry has also set a goal of reducing CO 2 emissions by 50% compared to 2005 levels by 2050. Sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), made from non-petroleum feedstocks, is a near-term alternative fuel that reduces emissions from air transportation. The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) conducted a resource assessment and a techno-economic analysis to identify the potential for production in the port district. Although SAF could be sourced from other areas of the United States or imported, an evaluation of local production was conducted due to the potential positive impacts of a circular economy by converting local waste feedstocks into SAF for use at nearby airports. The study found that the highest volumes of feedstock nearby were municipal solid waste and woody biomass. SAF must be blended with Jet A up to certain percent determined by ASTM International fuel quality standards prior to use in aircraft. SAF from a stand-alone facility could be delivered by barge, rail, or truck to a Linden, New Jersey based terminal for blending with Jet A or it could be blended in the Gulf region and shipped via the Colonial pipeline to one of the terminals. The investment will take place at the terminal(s) to accommodate SAF/Jet A blends and it will be business as usual for the airports in how they receive fuel and distribute it to aircraft.

09 BIOMASS FUELS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Port of New York and New Jersey Drayage Electrification Analysis

The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) evaluated the potential for drayage electrification in the Port of New York and New Jersey (PoNYNJ), with a focus on operators: Harbor Freight Transport (HF), Safeway Trucking (SWT), and International Motor Freight Inc (IMF). This report summarizes the data collection and electrification evaluation of all three drayage operators, includes detailed operational data, and identifies the performance requirements for battery electric tractors (BETs) and corresponding infrastructure operated within the context of PoNYNJ drayage operation. This report also details a methodology to evaluate opportunities, strategies, and challenges associated with future expansions of BETs in meeting PANYNJ emissions goals. The Port Authority has established a goal of achieving Net Zero carbon emissions by 2050 across all facilities, including from tenant and stakeholder sources such as drayage trucks. NREL used real-world performance data collected on the three PoNYNJ drayage operations, along with modeling and analysis tools to compare BET to diesel trucks. From March to July 2021, NREL collected 1Hz vehicle and engine data from 46 drayage trucks at the three operators totaling nearly 121,000 miles of operation, providing enough information to assess vehicle operations for electrification potential. A Future Automotive Systems Technology Simulator (FASTSim) electric truck powertrain model was validated using PoNYNJ data and scenarios were run to evaluate drayage truck electrification requirements over the real-world cycles. The first scenario examined BET viability with minimal changes to existing operations. This assumes the trucks charge when stopped for two hours or longer, have a functional battery size of 375 kWh, and can charge at 270 kilowatts (kW) average which are the specification of the commercially available Freightliner eCascadia. The second scenario looked at what operational, charging infrastructure, and BET technology changes would be needed to fully electrify. Finally, detailed analysis was run on charging rate structure to understand operational costs to the fleets. The studied drayage trucks averaged 5.1 MPG, spent roughly 9% of their energy at idle, and drove an average of 140 miles per day with a maximum daily distance of 573 miles. The FASTSim model results indicate a comparable BET would use 417 kWh of energy per day on average accounting for cargo weight, which is close to the full usable capacity of the eCascadia currently available on the market. Based on the daily average operating data, partial fleet electrification is possible with current technology. However, some specific days of operation would require over 1,600 kWh of energy due to longer distances traveled by the trucks and more intense operation. Trucks used for long distance and intense operation cannot be readily electrified with current technology without operational changes. Full adoption of BETs could reduce CO 2 emissions from these fleets by roughly 75% today, eliminating 76 metric tons of CO 2 (MTCO 2 ) per vehicle each year, which equates to 24,100 MTCO 2 per year for all three operators. Commercially available direct current fast chargers (DCFC) have charge rates up to 350 kW. Based on the average daily modeled energy use for each operator, current industrial rate structures, and the assumption of 350 kW peak charging, full drayage electrification would increase electricity consumption. In addition, peak demand usage would increase with unmanaged charging along with cost of electricity having a direct impact on cost per mile for electric vehicles. The resulting cost per mile for BETs along with comparable cost per mile for conventional diesel trucks are also examined at $\$$4.00 per gallon of diesel. It will be important for PANYNJ and the drayage operators within the PoNYNJ to consider these load impacts to their existing electrical infrastructure and devise operational strategies that avoid coincident charging of vehicles to mitigate demand charges. Despite these electricity cost increases, savings from reductions in diesel consumption will help offset the costs of this increased electricity consumption. However, prices of both electricity and diesel are subject to change based on various factors meaning the realized savings will vary over time. This shows BETs could be cost-competitive on an energy cost per mile basis for all scenarios while diesel is above $\$$3.00/gal. Further, if diesel prices dropped to the 15-year low of $2.33/gal, it would still be cost competitive to operate the EVs with electricity costs of 16.3 ¢/kWh or less.

33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS↗
DOE OSTI2023

The Port of Los Angeles Zero- and Near-Zero-Emission Freight Facilities "Shore to Store" Project (Final Project Report)

The City of Los Angeles Harbor Department (Harbor Department, POLA) partnered with Equilon Enterprises LLC (d/b/a Shell Oil Products US) (Shell), Toyota Motor North America (Toyota) and Kenworth Truck Company (Kenworth) partnered with the Port of Hueneme (POH), United Parcel Service (UPS), Total Transportation Services Inc. (TTSI), Southern Counties Express (SCE), Toyota Logistics Services (TLS), Air Liquide, National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Coalition For A Safe Environment, and the South Coast Air Quality Management District (South Coast AQMD) to introduce hydrogen (H 2 ) fuel into the Southern California drayage truck market by demonstrating near-commercial heavy-duty H 2 fuel cell electric trucks at and between freight facilities throughout the region, while continuing to lay the groundwork for battery-electric operations. The "Shore to Store" (S2S) project built on project team experience to help realize our vision of zero-emission freight operations in the future. Ten Kenworth zero-emission Class 8 fuel cell electric trucks, integrated with Toyota's fuel cell drive technology, were operated by UPS, TTSI, SCE, and TLS in revenue service. The demonstration fleet fueled at the S2S hydrogen fueling stations that were built in Ontario, California and Wilmington, California. An additional station at the Port of Long Beach (Portal Station) was available for fueling the fleet. Portal Station was supported by grants from the California Energy Commission (CEC) and South Coast AQMD and used as match funding for the S2S project. POH demonstrated two battery-electric yard tractors, and TLS demonstrated two zero-emission forklifts at their warehouse facility, showcasing elements of the entire supply chain operating on zero-emissions. This project showcased a snapshot of the zero-emission supply chain of the future, providing a model by which freight facilities can support zero-emission operations.

33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS↗
DOE OSTI2025

Hourly Load Profile Dataset for Electric Port Cargo Handling Equipment in the United States

Historically, ports have relied on fossil fuels, particularly diesel, as their primary energy source. Transitioning to electric cargo handling equipment (eCHE) offers a promising solution, as this relatively mature technology eliminates tailpipe emissions, reduces harmful airborne particulates, lowers noise pollution, and supports decarbonization. This study develops an initial estimation of hourly electricity demand for eCHE at the top 25 container ports (by tonnage) in the United States. These datasets, accessible at data.nrel.gov/submissions/281, provide valuable insights into the electricity demand patterns and potential grid impacts associated with widespread eCHE adoption, forming a foundation for future refinement based on stakeholder feedback.

33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS↗
DOE OSTI2017

Immediate drop on demand technology (I-DOT) coupled with mass spectrometry via an open port sampling interface

Here, the immediate drop on demand technology to a mass spectrometer via the recently introduced open port sampling interface and ESI. A maximum sample analysis throughput of 5 s per sample was demonstrated. Signal reproducibility was 10% or better as demonstrated by the quantitative analysis of propranolol and its stable isotope-labeled internal standard propranolol-d7. The ability of the system to multiply charge and analyze macromolecules was demonstrated using the protein cytochrome c. In conclusion, this immediate drop on demand technology/open port sampling interface/ESI–MS combination allowed for the quantitative analysis of relatively small mass analytes and was used for the identification of macromolecules like proteins.

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗