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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 181 records · Page 10
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2014

Gamma Detector Response and Analysis Software - Detector Response Function

GADRAS-DRF uses a Detector Response Function (DRF) to compute the response of gamma-ray detectors incident radiation. The application includes provision for plotting measured and computed spectra and for characterizing detector response parameters based on measurements of a series of calibration sources (e.g., Ba-133, Cs-137, Co-60, and Th-228). An application program interface enables other programs to access the dynamic-link library that is used to compute spectra.

Source record↗
DOE OSTI2023

Constraining neutrino oscillation and interaction parameters with the NOvA Near Detector and Far Detector data using Markov Chain Monte Carlo

This thesis reports a constraint of the neutrino oscillation parameters $\Delta m^{2}_{32}$, $\sin^2 \theta_{23}$, and $\delta_{CP}$ using the NuMI Off-Axis $\nu$ Appearance (NOvA) experiment's Near Detector (ND) data and Far Detector (FD) fake data set simultaneously. This thesis also reports a constraint on NOvA's systematic uncertainty model solely with its Near Detector data. The Hamiltonian Monte Carlo algorithm is used to estimate Bayesian Credible Intervals for the oscillation and interaction parameters. The $1\sigma$ Credible Intervals for $\sin^2 \theta_{23}$ are $(0.44, 0.512)$ $\cup$ $(0.536, 0.56)$, for $\Delta m^{2}_{32}$ $(2.41 \times 10^{-3}$ eV$^2,\ 2.52 \times 10^{-3}$ eV$^2)$, and for $\delta_{CP}$ $(0.74\pi,\ 1.1\pi)$ $\cup$ $(1.38\pi,\ 1.58\pi)$. The statistical power of the ND data constrains NOvA's interaction parameters, while the FD fake data constrains the oscillation parameters. This is the first analysis within NOvA to constrain the ND and FD prediction sim ultaneously, and to investigate the neutrino interaction modeling in the context of constraining the oscillation parameters. To constrain the ND data requires a sophisticated understanding of the neutrino interaction modeling and its uncertainties. The interested reader is advised to focus on Chapters 4 and 6, which discuss the ND selection, uncertainties, and ND-only fits to data. The reader interested in oscillation parameter constraints will find this in Chapter 7.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2019

Initial assessment of multilayer silicon detectors for hard X-ray imaging

Silicon detectors with lower material budget, ultrafast readout and radiation hardness are under developments. These unique features make pixelized silicon sensors a good option for hard X-ray imaging. To verify the performance of spatial resolution and energy sensitivity of silicon sensors to hard X-rays, a two layer setup of Pixelink PL-D725MU sensors has been tested at the Argonne National Laboratory Advanced Photon Source (APS) ID-10 sector with 29.2 keV high photon flux (4.5 x 10(8) to 4.5 x 10(10) photons per second) X-rays. Better than 3 mu m spatial resolution and clear energy characterization have been achieved by both layers. Commercial CMOS sensors with superior spatial resolution could be used for phase contrast imaging in current synchrotrons. These studies pave the path for future multilayer ultrafast silicon sensor development with ns to sub-ns readout speeds in hard X-ray imaging at synchrotrons and XFEL beamlines.

Hard X-ray imaging↗
DOE OSTI2018

Pulse dilation gas Cherenkov detector for ultra-fast gamma reaction history at the National Ignition Facility (invited)

The Cherenkov mechanism used in Gas Cherenkov Detectors (GCDs) is exceptionally fast. However, the temporal resolution of GCDs, such as the Gamma Reaction History diagnostic at the National Ignition Facility (NIF), has been limited by the current state-of-the-art photomultiplier tube technology to ~100 ps. The soon-to-be deployed Pulse Dilation Photomultiplier Tube (PD-PMT) at NIF will allow for temporal resolution comparable to that of the gas cell or ~10 ps. Enhanced resolution will contribute to the quest for ignition in a crucial way through precision measurements of reaction history and ablator areal density (ρR) history, leading to better constrained models. Features such as onset of alpha heating, shock reverberations, and burn truncation due to dynamically evolving failure modes may become visible for the first time. Test measurements of the PD-PMT at Atomic Weapons Establishment confirmed that design goals have been met. The PD-PMT provides dilation factors of 2 to 40× in 6 increments. The GCD-3 recently deployed at the NIF has been modified for coupling to a PD-PMT and will soon be making ultrafast measurements.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2014

Extended performance gas Cherenkov detector for gamma-ray detection in high-energy density experiments

A new Gas Cherenkov Detector (GCD) with low-energy threshold and high sensitivity, currently known as Super GCD (or GCD-3 at OMEGA), is being developed for use at the OMEGA Laser Facility and the National Ignition Facility (NIF). Super GCD is designed to be pressurized to ≤400 psi (absolute) and uses all metal seals to allow the use of fluorinated gases inside the target chamber. This will allow the gamma energy threshold to be run as low at 1.8 MeV with 400 psi (absolute) of C{sub 2}F{sub 6}, opening up a new portion of the gamma ray spectrum. Super GCD operating at 20 cm from TCC will be ∼400 × more efficient at detecting DT fusion gammas at 16.7 MeV than the Gamma Reaction History diagnostic at NIF (GRH-6m) when operated at their minimum thresholds.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2016

Aerogel Cherenkov detector for characterizing the intense flash x-ray source, Cygnus, spectrum

An aerogel Cherenkov detector is proposed to measure the X-ray energy spectrum from the Cygnus—intense flash X-ray source operated at the Nevada National Security Site. An array of aerogels set at a variety of thresholds between 1 and 3 MeV will be adequate to map out the bremsstrahlung X-ray production of the Cygnus, where the maximum energy of the spectrum is normally around 2.5 MeV. In addition to the Cherenkov radiation from aerogels, one possible competing light-production mechanism is optical transition radiation (OTR), which may be significant in aerogels due to the large number of transitions from SiO{sub 2} clusters to vacuum voids. To examine whether OTR is a problem, four aerogel samples were tested using a mono-energetic electron beam (varied in the range of 1–3 MeV) at NSTec Los Alamos Operations. It was demonstrated that aerogels can be used as a Cherenkov medium, where the rate of the light production is about two orders magnitude higher when the electron beam energy is above threshold.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2019

Electron and photon energy calibration with the ATLAS detector using 2015–2016 LHC proton-proton collision data

This paper presents the electron and photon energy calibration obtained with the ATLAS detector using about 36 fb –1 of LHC proton-proton collision data recorded at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. The different calibration steps applied to the data and the optimization of the reconstruction of electron and photon energies are discussed. The absolute energy scale is set using a large sample of Z boson decays into electron-positron pairs. The systematic uncertainty in the energy scale calibration varies between 0.03% to 0.2% in most of the detector acceptance for electrons with transverse momentum close to 45 GeV . For electrons with transverse momentum of 10 GeV the typical uncertainty is 0.3% to 0.8% and it varies between 0.25% and 1% for photons with transverse momentum around 60 GeV . Validations of the energy calibration with J/ψ → e + e – decays and radiative Z boson decays are also presented.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2015

The CLAS12 Torus Detector Magnet at Jefferson Laboratory

The CLAS12 Torus is a toroidal superconducting magnet, which is part of the detector for the 12-GeV accelerator upgrade at Jefferson Laboratory (JLab). The coils were wound/fabricated by Fermilab, with JLab responsible for all other parts of the project scope, including design, integration, cryostating the individual coils, installation, cryogenics, I&C, etc. This paper provides an overview of the CLAS12 Torus magnet features and serves as a status report of its installation in the experimental hall. Completion and commissioning of the magnet is expected in 2016.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2016

Search for a high-mass Higgs boson decaying to a W boson pair in pp collisions at √s = 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

A search for a high-mass Higgs boson H is performed in the H→WW→ℓνℓν and H→WW→ℓνqq decay channels, using pp collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb -1 , collected at √s = 8 TeV by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. No evidence of a high-mass Higgs boson is found. Limits on σ H ×BR(H→WW) as a function of the Higgs boson mass mH are determined in three different scenarios: one in which the heavy Higgs boson has a narrow width compared to the experimental resolution, one a width increasing with the boson mass and modeled by the complex-pole scheme following the same behavior as in the Standard Model, and one for intermediate widths. The upper range of the search is m H =1500 GeV for the narrow-width scenario and m H =1000 GeV for the other two scenarios. The lower edge of the search range is 200-300 GeV and depends on the analysis channel and search scenario. For each scenario, individual and combined limits from the two WW decay channels are presented. At mH=1500 GeV, the highest mass point tested, σ H ∙BR(H→WW) for a narrow-width Higgs boson is constrained to be less than 22 fb and 6.6 fb at the 95% CL for the gluon fusion and vector-boson fusion production modes, respectively.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2017

Measurements of ψ(2S) and X(3872) → J/ψπ + π - production in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 8$ TeV with the ATLAS detector

Differential cross sections are presented for the prompt and non-prompt production of the hidden-charm states X(3872) and ψ(2S), in the decay mode J/ψπ + π – , measured using 11.4 fb –1 of pp collisions at √s = 8 TeV by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The ratio of cross-sections X(3872)/ψ(2S) is also given, separately for prompt and non-prompt components, as well as the non-prompt fractions of X(3872) and ψ(2S). Assuming independent single effective lifetimes for non-prompt X(3872) and ψ(2S) production gives R B = B(B→X(3872)+any)B(X(3872)→J/ψπ+π–)/B(B→ψ(2S)+any)B(ψ(2S)→J/ψπ+π–)=(3.95±0.32(stat)±0.08(sys))×10 –2 separating short- and long-lived contributions, assuming that the short-lived component is due to B c decays, gives R B = (3.57 ± 0.33(stat) ± 0.11(sys)) × 10 –2 , with the fraction of non-prompt X(3872) produced via B c decays for p T (X(3872)) > 10 GeV being (25 ± 13(stat) ± 2(sys) ± 5(spin))%. The distributions of the dipion invariant mass in the X(3872) and ψ(2S) decays are also measured and compared to theoretical predictions.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2017

Measurement of charged-particle distributions sensitive to the underlying event in $ \sqrt{s}=13 $ TeV proton-proton collisions with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

We present charged-particle distributions sensitive to the underlying event, measured by the ATLAS detector in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, in low-luminosity Large Hadron Collider fills corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.6 nb –1 . The distributions were constructed using charged particles with absolute pseudorapidity less than 2.5 and with transverse momentum greater than 500 MeV, in events with at least one such charged particle with transverse momentum above 1 GeV. These distributions characterise the angular distribution of energy and particle flows with respect to the charged particle with highest transverse momentum, as a function of both that momentum and of charged-particle multiplicity. The results have been corrected for detector effects and are compared to the predictions of various Monte Carlo event generators, experimentally establishing the level of underlying-event activity at LHC Run 2 energies and providing inputs for the development of event generator modelling. The current models in use for UE modelling typically describe this data to 5% accuracy, compared with data uncertainties of less than 1%.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2019

Study of the rare decays of B s 0 and B 0 mesons into muon pairs using data collected during 2015 and 2016 with the ATLAS detector

A study of the decays B s 0 → μ + μ – and B 0 → μ + μ – has been performed using 26.3 fb –1 of 13 TeV LHC proton-proton collision data collected with the ATLAS detector in 2015 and 2016. Since the detector resolution in μ + μ – invariant mass is comparable to the B s 0 -B 0 mass difference, a single fit determines the signal yields for both decay modes. This results in a measurement of the branching fraction B(B s 0 → μ + μ – ) = (3.2 +1.1 –1.0 ) × 10 –9 and an upper limit B(B 0 → μ + μ – ) < 4.3×10 –10 at 95% confidence level. The result is combined with the Run 1 ATLAS result, yielding B(B s 0 → μ + μ – ) = (2.8 +0.8 –0.7 ) × 10 –9 and B(B 0 → μ + μ – ) < 2.1 × 10 –10 at 95% confidence level. The combined result is consistent with the Standard Model prediction within 2.4 standard deviations in the B(B 0 → μ + μ – ) – B(B 0 s → μ + μ – ) plane.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2014

Measurement of dijet cross-sections in pp collisions at 7 TeV centre-of-mass energy using the ATLAS detector

Double-differential dijet cross-sections measured in pp collisions at the LHC with a 7 TeV centre-of-mass energy are presented as functions of dijet mass and half the rapidity separation of the two highest-p T jets. These measurements are obtained using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.5 fb -1 , recorded by the ATLAS detector in 2011. The data are corrected for detector effects so that cross-sections are presented at the particle level. Cross-sections are measured up to 5TeV dijet mass using jets reconstructed with the anti- k t algorithm for values of the jet radius parameter of 0.4 and 0.6. The cross-sections are compared with next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD calculations by NLOJet++ corrected to account for non-perturbative effects. Comparisons with POWHEG predictions, using a next-to-leading-order matrix element calculation interfaced to a partonshower Monte Carlo simulation, are also shown. Electroweak effects are accounted for in both cases. The quantitative comparison of data and theoretical predictions obtained using various parameterizations of the parton distribution functions is performed using a frequentist method. In general, good agreement with data is observed for the NLOJet++ theoretical predictions when using the CT10, NNPDF2.1 and MSTW 2008 PDF sets. Disagreement is observed when using the ABM11 and HERAPDF1.5 PDF sets for some ranges of dijet mass and half the rapidity separation. An example setting a lower limit on the compositeness scale for a model of contact interactions is presented, showing that the unfolded results can be used to constrain contributions to dijet production beyond that predicted by the Standard Model.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2018

Measurement of inclusive jet and dijet cross-sections in proton-proton collisions at $$ \sqrt{s}=13 $$ TeV with the ATLAS detector

Inclusive jet and dijet cross-sections are measured in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The measurement uses a dataset with an integrated luminosity of 3.2 fb -1 recorded in 2015 with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Jets are identified using the anti- k t algorithm with a radius parameter value of R = 0 . 4. The inclusive jet cross-sections are measured double-differentially as a function of the jet transverse momentum, covering the range from 100 GeV to 3.5 TeV, and the absolute jet rapidity up to | y | = 3. The double-differential dijet production cross-sections are presented as a function of the dijet mass, covering the range from 300 GeV to 9 TeV, and the half absolute rapidity separation between the two leading jets within | y | < 3, y * , up to y * = 3. Next-to-leading-order, and next-to-next-to-leading-order for the inclusive jet measurement, perturbative QCD calculations corrected for non-perturbative and electroweak effects are compared to the measured cross-sections.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗