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Beam-energy dependence of correlations between mean transverse momentum and anisotropic flow of charged particles in Au+Au collisions at RHIC

Aboona, B. E. [Texas A & M University, College Station, TX (United States); STAR Collaboration. et al.] (ORCID:0000000188057068)·Adam, J. (ORCID:0000000346960691)·Agakishiev, G. (ORCID:0009000113078670)·Aggarwal, I. (ORCID:0000000346469683)·Aggarwal, M.M. (ORCID:0000000327186725)·Ahammed, Z. (ORCID:0000000152417412)·Aitbayev, A. (ORCID:0000000286084174)·Alekseev, I. (ORCID:0000000333589635)·Alpatov, E. (ORCID:0000000270265456)·Alshammri, A.K. (ORCID:0009000083620413)·Aparin, A. (ORCID:0000000224217517)·Aslam, S. (ORCID:0000000221431665)·Atchison, J. (ORCID:0000000219289583)·Averichev, G.S. (ORCID:0000000297633933)·Bairathi, V. (ORCID:0000000334156911)·Bao, X. (ORCID:0000000271196077)·Barik, P. (ORCID:0009000524908552)·Barish, Kenneth (ORCID:0000000314610726)·Behera, S. (ORCID:0009000474410472)·Bhagat, P. (ORCID:0000000333295784)·Bhasin, A. (ORCID:0000000236878179)·Bhatta, S. (ORCID:0000000290453278)·Bordyuzhin, I.G. (ORCID:0000000285257651)·Brandenburg, J.D. (ORCID:0000000263275947)·Brandin, A.V. (ORCID:0009000968996207)·Broodo, C. (ORCID:0000000315413919)·Cai, X.Z. (ORCID:0000000271082344)·Caines, H. (ORCID:000000021595411X)·Sánchez, M. Calderón De La Barca (ORCID:0000000198354349)·Cebra, D. (ORCID:0000000178836375)·Ceska, J. (ORCID:0000000268725070)·Chakaberia, I. (ORCID:0000000296144046)·Chang, Y.S. (ORCID:0009000281567908)·Chang, Z. (ORCID:0000000347298708)·Chatterjee, A. (ORCID:0000000228956085)·Chen, D. (ORCID:0000000160670004)·Chen, J.H. (ORCID:000000017032771X)·Chen, L. (ORCID:0009000844024246)·Chen, Q. (ORCID:000900037076097X)·Chen, W. (ORCID:0009000406698283)·Chen, Z. (ORCID:0000000345460177)·Cheng, J. (ORCID:0009000398793749)·Cheng, Y. (ORCID:000000018700233X)·Christie, W. (ORCID:0000000192364749)·Chu, X. (ORCID:0000000347003340)·Corey, S. (ORCID:0009000238572015)·Crawford, H.J. (ORCID:0000000278320448)·Dale-Gau, G. (ORCID:0000000287742597)·Das, A.·Lemos, D. De Souza (ORCID:0000000319828978)·Dedovich, T.G. (ORCID:0009000097453054)·Deppner, I.M. (ORCID:0000000191414249)·Derevschikov, A.A. (ORCID:0009000927032073)·Deshpande, A. (ORCID:0000000337244749)·Dhamija, A. (ORCID:0000000225016821)·Dimri, A. (ORCID:0000000221309651)·Dixit, P. (ORCID:0000000185084087)·Dong, X. (ORCID:0000000190835906)·Drachenberg, J.L. (ORCID:000000021305357X)·Duckworth, E. (ORCID:0000000293448562)·Dunlop, J.C. (ORCID:0000000183388837)·El-Feky, Y.S. (ORCID:0009000978306134)·Engelage, J. (ORCID:0009000835817324)·Eppley, G.·Esumi, S. (ORCID:0000000219920072)·Evdokimov, O. (ORCID:0000000212508931)·Eyser, O. (ORCID:0000000280650796)·Fan, B. (ORCID:0009000249782210)·Fang, Y. (ORCID:0000000244522180)·Fatemi, R. (ORCID:0000000291129963)·Fazio, S. (ORCID:0000000243211946)·Feng, H. (ORCID:0000000296034007)·Feng, Y. (ORCID:0000000169010870)·Finch, E. (ORCID:0000000261508612)·Fisyak, Y. (ORCID:0000000231518377)·Flor, F.A. (ORCID:0000000307566704)·Fu, B. (ORCID:0009000597174713)·Fu, C. (ORCID:0000000220474778)·Fu, T. (ORCID:0009000508819920)·Gao, T. (ORCID:0000000174112986)·Gao, Y. (ORCID:0009000180417986)·Garcia, G. (ORCID:0000000252982881)·Geurts, F. (ORCID:0000000328569090)·Gibson, A. (ORCID:0000000198201529)·Giri, A. (ORCID:0009000886530462)·Gopal, K. (ORCID:0000000303653712)·Gou, X. (ORCID:0009000956174804)·Grosnick, D. (ORCID:0009000039562666)·Gu, A. (ORCID:0000000262301138)·Gu, J.·Gupta, A. (ORCID:000000016178648X)·Hamed, A. (ORCID:0000000317328443)·Hamilton, R.J. (ORCID:0009000473132749)·Han, J. (ORCID:0009000826715115)·Han, X. (ORCID:0009000397871813)·Harasty, M.D. (ORCID:0000000329485729)·Harris, J.W. (ORCID:0000000285353061)·Harrison-Smith, H.·Havener, L.B. (ORCID:0000000247432885)·He, X.H. (ORCID:0000000209557388)
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Abstract

The correlation between the mean transverse momentum, [ p T ], and the squared anisotropic flow, $v^2_n$, on an event-by-event basis has been suggested to be influenced by the initial conditions in heavy-ion collisions. We present measurements of the variances and covariance of [ p T ] and $v^2_n$, along with their dimensionless ratio, for Au+Au collisions at various beam energies: $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 14.6, 19.6, 27, 54.4, and 200 GeV. Our measurements reveal a distinct energy-dependent behavior in the variances and covariances. In addition, the dimensionless ratio displays a similar behavior across different beam energies. We compare our measurements with hydrodynamic models and similar measurements from Pb+Pb collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). These findings provide valuable insights into the beam energy dependence of the specific shear viscosity ( η/s ) and initial-state effects, allowing for differentiating between different initial-state models.

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73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICSCollectivityCorrelationShear viscosityTransverse momentum correlations

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BibTeXRIS

Aboona, B. E. [Texas A & M University, College Station, TX (United States); STAR Collaboration. et al.] (ORCID:0000000188057068), Adam, J. (ORCID:0000000346960691), Agakishiev, G. (ORCID:0009000113078670), Aggarwal, I. (ORCID:0000000346469683), Aggarwal, M.M. (ORCID:0000000327186725), Ahammed, Z. (ORCID:0000000152417412), Aitbayev, A. (ORCID:0000000286084174), Alekseev, I. (ORCID:0000000333589635), Alpatov, E. (ORCID:0000000270265456), Alshammri, A.K. (ORCID:0009000083620413), Aparin, A. (ORCID:0000000224217517), Aslam, S. (ORCID:0000000221431665), Atchison, J. (ORCID:0000000219289583), Averichev, G.S. (ORCID:0000000297633933), Bairathi, V. (ORCID:0000000334156911), Bao, X. (ORCID:0000000271196077), Barik, P. (ORCID:0009000524908552), Barish, Kenneth (ORCID:0000000314610726), Behera, S. (ORCID:0009000474410472), Bhagat, P. (ORCID:0000000333295784), Bhasin, A. (ORCID:0000000236878179), Bhatta, S. (ORCID:0000000290453278), Bordyuzhin, I.G. (ORCID:0000000285257651), Brandenburg, J.D. (ORCID:0000000263275947), Brandin, A.V. (ORCID:0009000968996207), Broodo, C. (ORCID:0000000315413919), Cai, X.Z. (ORCID:0000000271082344), Caines, H. (ORCID:000000021595411X), Sánchez, M. Calderón De La Barca (ORCID:0000000198354349), Cebra, D. (ORCID:0000000178836375), Ceska, J. (ORCID:0000000268725070), Chakaberia, I. (ORCID:0000000296144046), Chang, Y.S. (ORCID:0009000281567908), Chang, Z. (ORCID:0000000347298708), Chatterjee, A. (ORCID:0000000228956085), Chen, D. (ORCID:0000000160670004), Chen, J.H. (ORCID:000000017032771X), Chen, L. (ORCID:0009000844024246), Chen, Q. (ORCID:000900037076097X), Chen, W. (ORCID:0009000406698283), Chen, Z. (ORCID:0000000345460177), Cheng, J. (ORCID:0009000398793749), Cheng, Y. (ORCID:000000018700233X), Christie, W. (ORCID:0000000192364749), Chu, X. (ORCID:0000000347003340), Corey, S. (ORCID:0009000238572015), Crawford, H.J. (ORCID:0000000278320448), Dale-Gau, G. (ORCID:0000000287742597), Das, A., Lemos, D. De Souza (ORCID:0000000319828978), Dedovich, T.G. (ORCID:0009000097453054), Deppner, I.M. (ORCID:0000000191414249), Derevschikov, A.A. (ORCID:0009000927032073), Deshpande, A. (ORCID:0000000337244749), Dhamija, A. (ORCID:0000000225016821), Dimri, A. (ORCID:0000000221309651), Dixit, P. (ORCID:0000000185084087), Dong, X. (ORCID:0000000190835906), Drachenberg, J.L. (ORCID:000000021305357X), Duckworth, E. (ORCID:0000000293448562), Dunlop, J.C. (ORCID:0000000183388837), El-Feky, Y.S. (ORCID:0009000978306134), Engelage, J. (ORCID:0009000835817324), Eppley, G., Esumi, S. (ORCID:0000000219920072), Evdokimov, O. (ORCID:0000000212508931), Eyser, O. (ORCID:0000000280650796), Fan, B. (ORCID:0009000249782210), Fang, Y. (ORCID:0000000244522180), Fatemi, R. (ORCID:0000000291129963), Fazio, S. (ORCID:0000000243211946), Feng, H. (ORCID:0000000296034007), Feng, Y. (ORCID:0000000169010870), Finch, E. (ORCID:0000000261508612), Fisyak, Y. (ORCID:0000000231518377), Flor, F.A. (ORCID:0000000307566704), Fu, B. (ORCID:0009000597174713), Fu, C. (ORCID:0000000220474778), Fu, T. (ORCID:0009000508819920), Gao, T. (ORCID:0000000174112986), Gao, Y. (ORCID:0009000180417986), Garcia, G. (ORCID:0000000252982881), Geurts, F. (ORCID:0000000328569090), Gibson, A. (ORCID:0000000198201529), Giri, A. (ORCID:0009000886530462), Gopal, K. (ORCID:0000000303653712), Gou, X. (ORCID:0009000956174804), Grosnick, D. (ORCID:0009000039562666), Gu, A. (ORCID:0000000262301138), Gu, J., Gupta, A. (ORCID:000000016178648X), Hamed, A. (ORCID:0000000317328443), Hamilton, R.J. (ORCID:0009000473132749), Han, J. (ORCID:0009000826715115), Han, X. (ORCID:0009000397871813), Harasty, M.D. (ORCID:0000000329485729), Harris, J.W. (ORCID:0000000285353061), Harrison-Smith, H., Havener, L.B. (ORCID:0000000247432885), He, X.H. (ORCID:0000000209557388). 2026-05-01. Beam-energy dependence of correlations between mean transverse momentum and anisotropic flow of charged particles in Au+Au collisions at RHIC. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2026.140378

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