DOE OSTI · 3018103
X-Ray Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission
Abstract
The X-Ray Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission (XRISM) is a joint mission between the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) in collaboration with the European Space Agency (ESA). In addition to the three space agencies, universities and research institutes from Japan, North America, and Europe have joined to contribute to developing satellite and onboard instruments, data-processing software, and the scientific observation program. XRISM is the successor to the ASTRO-H (Hitomi) mission, which ended prematurely in 2016. Its primary science goal is to examine astrophysical problems with precise, high-resolution X-ray spectroscopy. XRISM promises to discover new horizons in X-ray astronomy. It carries a 6 × 6 pixelized X-ray microcalorimeter on the focal plane of an X-ray mirror assembly (Resolve) and a co-aligned X-ray CCD camera (Xtend) that covers the same energy band over a large field of view. XRISM utilizes the Hitomi heritage, but all designs were reviewed. The attitude and orbit control system was improved in hardware and software. The spacecraft was launched from the JAXA Tanegashima Space Center on 2023 September 6 (UTC). During the in-orbit commissioning phase, the onboard components were activated. Although the gate valve protecting the Resolve sensor with a thin beryllium X-ray entrance window was not yet opened, scientific observation started in 2024 February with the planned performance verification observation program. The nominal observation program commenced with the following guest observation program beginning in 2024 September.
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Tashiro, Makoto [Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), , 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210 ,; Saitama University Department of Physics, , 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura, Saitama, Saitama 338-8570 ,] (ORCID:0000000250971257), Kelley, Richard [NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771 ,], Watanabe, Shin [Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), , 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210 ,], Maejima, Hironori [Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), , 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210 ,], Reichenthal, Lillian [NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771 ,], Toda, Kenichi [Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), , 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210 ,], Hartz, Leslie [NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771 ,], Santovincenzo, Andrea [European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC) European Space Agency (ESA), , 2200 AG Noordwijk ,], Matsushita, Kyoko [Tokyo University of Science Department of Physics, , 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601 ,] (ORCID:0000000329070902), Yamaguchi, Hiroya [Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), , 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210 ,], Petre, Robert [NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771 ,], Williams, Brian [NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771 ,], Guainazzi, Matteo [European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC) European Space Agency (ESA), , 2200 AG Noordwijk ,] (ORCID:0000000210943147), Costantini, Elisa [SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research , Niels Bohrweg 4, 2333 CA Leiden ,], Takei, Yoh [Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), , 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210 ,], Ishisaki, Yoshitaka [Tokyo Metropolitan University Department of Physics, , 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-0397 ,], Fujimoto, Ryuichi [Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), , 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210 ,], Henegar-Leon, Joy [NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771 ,], Sneiderman, Gary [NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771 ,], Tomida, Hiroshi [Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), , 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210 ,], Mori, Koji [University of Miyazaki Faculty of Engineering, , 1-1 Gakuen-kibanadai-nishi, Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192 ,], Nakajima, Hiroshi [Kanto Gakuin University College of Science and Engineering, , 1-50-1 Mutsuura-higashi, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-8501 ,], Terada, Yukikatsu [Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), , 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210 ,; 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X-Ray Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission. https://doi.org/10.1093/pasj%2Fpsaf023
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