Control and Real-Time Simulation of Microgrids with EV Fast-Charging and Grid-Forming Resources

Guillén Montenegro, Luis E. [Iowa State University, Ames, IA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000293891345); Villegas Pico, Hugo N. [Iowa State University, Ames, IA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000182833556)

doi:10.1109/tte.2025.3650724

DOE OSTI · 3012889

Control and Real-Time Simulation of Microgrids with EV Fast-Charging and Grid-Forming Resources

Guillén Montenegro, Luis E. [Iowa State University, Ames, IA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000293891345)·Villegas Pico, Hugo N. [Iowa State University, Ames, IA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000182833556)

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Abstract

Fast charging stations (FCSs) for electric vehicles (EVs) can behave as constant power loads, which is problematic for the operation of grid-forming (GFM) inverter-based resources (IBRs). To tackle this problem, this paper proposes a control suite that makes FCSs responsive to ac voltage and frequency disturbances. To test the performance of the FCS controls, the paper also sets forth theory to compensate for time-delays appearing in the real-time simulation of microgrid models divided into several central processing units (CPUs). Furthermore, these contributions are showcased via multi-CPU real-time simulations of a faulted microgrid having EV FCSs and GFM IBRs powered by photovoltaic solar arrays as well as power hardware-in-the-loop experiments. These contributions are significant to address NERC recommendations and IEEE standards.

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14 SOLAR ENERGY 24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION 42 ENGINEERING Charging stations current limiters frequency control grid forming voltage control

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BibTeX RIS

Guillén Montenegro, Luis E. [Iowa State University, Ames, IA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000293891345), Villegas Pico, Hugo N. [Iowa State University, Ames, IA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000182833556). 2026-01-12. Control and Real-Time Simulation of Microgrids with EV Fast-Charging and Grid-Forming Resources. https://doi.org/10.1109/tte.2025.3650724

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