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DOE OSTI · 3012054

Fully Recyclable CFRP Particles (CRADA 519)

Simmons, Kevin L. [Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)]·Qiao, Yao [Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000265867604)·Ramos, Jose L. [Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)]·Merkel, Daniel R. [Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000288477430)·Kuang, Wenbin [Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)]·Iftime, Gabriel [Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated, Palo Alto, CA (United States)]·Wei, Austin [Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated, Palo Alto, CA (United States)]·Kelly, Mary [Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated, Palo Alto, CA (United States)]
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Abstract

The proposed resin-enhanced materials, which utilize fully recycled CFRP (carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer) particles, are enabled by PARC's proprietary Chemically Linked Particles Networks (13 granted patents and patent applications). PNNL and PARC have collaborated to develop manufacturing methods, such as vacuum-assisted wet compression molding and filament winding, for fabricating fiber-reinforced composites with the PARC matrix. PNNL has conducted various mechanical, physical, and thermal characterizations to compare their differences between the composites with baseline and PARC matrices. Those characterizations include density, void volume fraction, optical micrography, uniaxial tension, four-point bending/flexure, interlaminar shear, coefficient of thermal expansion, glass transition temperature, and curing kinetics.

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36 MATERIALS SCIENCECompositesLightweightnaoparticlesRecycling

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Simmons, Kevin L. [Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)], Qiao, Yao [Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000265867604), Ramos, Jose L. [Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)], Merkel, Daniel R. [Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000288477430), Kuang, Wenbin [Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)], Iftime, Gabriel [Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated, Palo Alto, CA (United States)], Wei, Austin [Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated, Palo Alto, CA (United States)], Kelly, Mary [Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated, Palo Alto, CA (United States)]. 2024-12-30. Fully Recyclable CFRP Particles (CRADA 519). https://doi.org/10.2172/3012054

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DOE OSTI2026

Cyclic moisture reactivation of calcium sorbents for long duration thermochemical energy storage

The transition to a flexible and reliable energy infrastructure, using electro-thermal energy generation technologies such as geothermal, concentrated solar power, and nuclear, usually demands simultaneous advancement of thermal energy storage (TES) to support on-demand electricity generation and industrial applications while mitigating the inherent intermittency of renewable energy sources and power outages from direct energy generation. Among TES technologies, thermochemical energy storage (TCES) based on calcium looping emerges as a compelling high-power energy storage candidate due to its high reaction enthalpy, compatibility with elevated operating temperatures, and abundance of low-cost materials. However, the long-term durability of calcium-based sorbents for TCES is hindered by surface sintering and particle aggregation, leading to performance degradation over repeated thermal cycles. This study explores a moisture hydration-based strategy to regenerate a degraded calcium sorbent and mitigate performance degradation for long duration TCES. The addition of moisture transforms calcium oxide into calcium hydroxide and produces intercalation water layers, associated with a regenerated surface area and reduced calcium oxide crystallite size. Both these effects are beneficial in restoring the sorbents' reactivity for carbonization. Additionally, an optimized hydration-assisted reactivation protocol balances the recovered energy storage capacity with heating penalty required for moisture removal from hydrated samples, resulting in an enhanced energy storage capacity up to 176% compared to benchmark sorbents that undergo cycling without reactivation after 60 cycles. In conclusion, these results highlight the potential of hydration-assisted reactivation to enhance the long-term performance of TCES, providing an effective pathway to advancing electro-thermal storage technologies.

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