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DOE OSTI · 3004210

Dilepton Production from Moaton Quasiparticles

Nussinov, Zohar [Washington University, St. Louis, MO (United States); University of Oxford (United Kingdom)] (ORCID:0000000179477829)·Ogilvie, Michael C. [Washington University, St. Louis, MO (United States)] (ORCID:0000000235865237)·Pannullo, Laurin [Universität Bielefeld (Germany)] (ORCID:0000000348085819)·Pisarski, Robert D. [Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)] (ORCID:0000000278624759)·Rennecke, Fabian [Justus Liebig University Giessen (Germany); Helmholtz Research Academy Hesse for FAIR (HFHF), Giessen (Germany)] (ORCID:000000031448677X)·Schindler, Stella T. [Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000332244627)·Winstel, Marc [J. W. Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main (Germany)] (ORCID:0000000334709926)
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Abstract

The phase diagram of QCD probably exhibits a moat regime over a large region of temperature 𝑇 and chemical potential 𝜇 ≠ 0. A moat regime is characterized by quasiparticle moatons (pions) whose energy is minimal at nonzero spatial momentum. At 𝜇 ≠ 0, higher mass dimension operators play a critical role in a moat regime. At dimension six, there are nine possible gauge-invariant couplings between scalars and photons. For back-to-back dilepton production, only one operator contributes, which significantly enhances production near a moat threshold. This enhancement is an experimental signature of moatons.

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BibTeXRIS

Nussinov, Zohar [Washington University, St. Louis, MO (United States); University of Oxford (United Kingdom)] (ORCID:0000000179477829), Ogilvie, Michael C. [Washington University, St. Louis, MO (United States)] (ORCID:0000000235865237), Pannullo, Laurin [Universität Bielefeld (Germany)] (ORCID:0000000348085819), Pisarski, Robert D. [Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)] (ORCID:0000000278624759), Rennecke, Fabian [Justus Liebig University Giessen (Germany); Helmholtz Research Academy Hesse for FAIR (HFHF), Giessen (Germany)] (ORCID:000000031448677X), Schindler, Stella T. [Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000332244627), Winstel, Marc [J. W. Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main (Germany)] (ORCID:0000000334709926). 2025-09-04. Dilepton Production from Moaton Quasiparticles. https://doi.org/10.1103/1f8w-p4m4

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