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DOE OSTI · 2943476

Entanglement Structure of Non-Gaussian States and How to Measure It

Froland, Henry [Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)] (ORCID:0009000843560602)·Zache, Torsten V. [Univ. Innsbruck (Austria); Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (Austria)] (ORCID:0000000335497160)·Ott, Robert [Univ. Innsbruck (Austria); Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (Austria)]·Mueller, Niklas [Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States); Univ. of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (United States)] (ORCID:0000000215429497)
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Abstract

Rapidly growing capabilities of quantum simulators to probe quantum many-body phenomena require new methods to characterize increasingly complex states. Here, we present a protocol that constrains quantum states using experimentally measured correlation functions. This method enables measurement of a quantum state’s entanglement structure, opening a new route to study entanglement-related phenomena. Our approach extends Gaussian state parameterizations by systematically incorporating higher-order correlations. We show the protocol’s usefulness in conjunction with current and forthcoming experimental capabilities, focusing on weakly interacting fermions as a proof of concept. Here, the lowest nontrivial expansion quantitatively predicts early time thermalization dynamics, including signaling the onset of quantum chaos indicated by the entanglement Hamiltonian.

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Fermi gasesHubbard modelcorrelation function measurementsexact diagonalizationlattice field theoryquantum chaosquantum entanglement

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Froland, Henry [Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)] (ORCID:0009000843560602), Zache, Torsten V. [Univ. Innsbruck (Austria); Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (Austria)] (ORCID:0000000335497160), Ott, Robert [Univ. Innsbruck (Austria); Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (Austria)], Mueller, Niklas [Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States); Univ. of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (United States)] (ORCID:0000000215429497). 2025-07-23. Entanglement Structure of Non-Gaussian States and How to Measure It. https://doi.org/10.1103/pnp2-g1g5

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