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DOE OSTI · 2588058

Shock-driven mixing and turbulence in a multiphysics environment

Pellone, Samuel Louis [Los Alamos National Laboratory]·Schwarzkopf, John Dennis [Los Alamos National Laboratory] (ORCID:0000000285404113)·Di Stefano, Carlos [Los Alamos National Laboratory] (ORCID:0000000161663519)·Allen, Cameron Howard [Los Alamos National Laboratory] (ORCID:0000000294172318)·Rasmus, Alexander Martin [Los Alamos National Laboratory] (ORCID:0000000193001034)·Merritt, Elizabeth Catherine [Los Alamos National Laboratory] (ORCID:0000000290260070)·Doss, Forrest William [Los Alamos National Laboratory] (ORCID:0000000307296257)·Desjardins, Tiffany [Los Alamos National Laboratory] (ORCID:0000000153609168)·Ames, Alexander Michael [Los Alamos National Laboratory]·Martinez, Adam Andrew [Los Alamos National Laboratory] (ORCID:0009000309485091)·Charonko, John James [Los Alamos National Laboratory] (ORCID:0000000203969672)
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Pellone, Samuel Louis [Los Alamos National Laboratory], Schwarzkopf, John Dennis [Los Alamos National Laboratory] (ORCID:0000000285404113), Di Stefano, Carlos [Los Alamos National Laboratory] (ORCID:0000000161663519), Allen, Cameron Howard [Los Alamos National Laboratory] (ORCID:0000000294172318), Rasmus, Alexander Martin [Los Alamos National Laboratory] (ORCID:0000000193001034), Merritt, Elizabeth Catherine [Los Alamos National Laboratory] (ORCID:0000000290260070), Doss, Forrest William [Los Alamos National Laboratory] (ORCID:0000000307296257), Desjardins, Tiffany [Los Alamos National Laboratory] (ORCID:0000000153609168), Ames, Alexander Michael [Los Alamos National Laboratory], Martinez, Adam Andrew [Los Alamos National Laboratory] (ORCID:0009000309485091), Charonko, John James [Los Alamos National Laboratory] (ORCID:0000000203969672). 2025-08-29. Shock-driven mixing and turbulence in a multiphysics environment. https://doi.org/10.2172/2588058

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DOE OSTI2026

Large language models for transportation research: Methodologies, state of the art, and future opportunities

The rapid rise of large language models (LLMs) is transforming transportation research, with significant advancements emerging between 2023 and 2025, a period marked by the inception and swift growth of adopting and adapting LLMs for various transportation applications. Despite these significant advancements, however, a systematic review and synthesis of the existing literature remains lacking. This paper aims to fill this gap by providing a comprehensive review of the methodologies and applications of LLMs in transportation. We explore key applications, including autonomous driving, travel behavior prediction, and general transportation-related queries, alongside LLM methodologies such as zero- or few-shot learning, prompt engineering, and fine-tuning. From the review, critical research gaps are identified. From the methodological perspective, many of the research limitations can be addressed by integrating LLMs with existing tools and refining LLM architectures. From the application perspective, research opportunities for LLMs to address various transportation challenges are also explored. By synthesizing these findings, this review not only presents the state-of-the-art LLM adoption and adaptation in transportation, but also proposes future research directions as well as insights and recommendations for policymakers and practitioners, paving the way for greater LLM-driven research innovations in transportation in the future.

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