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DOE OSTI · 2575614

Dominant end-tunneling effect in two distinct Luttinger liquids coexisting in one quantum wire

Weldeyesus, Henok [Univ. of Basel (Switzerland)] (ORCID:0009000862761338)·Vianez, Pedro Manuel Trocado [Univ. of Cambridge (United Kingdom); Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)] (ORCID:0000000322456108)·Sharifi Sedeh, Omid [Univ. of Basel (Switzerland)] (ORCID:0000000157668798)·Tan, Wooi Kiat [Univ. of Cambridge (United Kingdom)]·Jin, Yiqing [Univ. of Cambridge (United Kingdom)]·Moreno, María [Univ. of Cambridge (United Kingdom); Univ. of Salamanca (Spain)]·Scheller, Christian P. [Univ. of Basel (Switzerland)] (ORCID:0000000225005807)·Griffiths, Jonathan P. [Univ. of Cambridge (United Kingdom)]·Farrer, Ian [Univ. of Sheffield (United Kingdom)]·Ritchie, David A. [Univ. of Cambridge (United Kingdom)] (ORCID:0000000298448350)·Zumbühl, Dominik M. [Univ. of Basel (Switzerland)] (ORCID:000000015831633X)·Ford, Christopher J. B. [Univ. of Cambridge (United Kingdom)] (ORCID:0000000245573721)·Tsyplyatyev, Oleksandr [Univ. Frankfurt (Germany)] (ORCID:0000000220816547)
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Abstract

Luttinger liquids occupy a notable place in physics as one of the most understood classes of quantum many-body systems. The experimental mission of measuring its main prediction, power laws in observable quantities, has already produced a body of exponents in different semiconductor and metallic structures. Here, we combine tunneling spectroscopy with density-dependent transport measurements in the same quantum wires over more than two orders of magnitude in temperature to very low electron temperatures down to ∼40 mK. This reveals that, when the second 1D subband becomes populated, the temperature dependence splits into two ranges with different exponents in the power-law dependence of the conductance, both dominated by the finite-size effect of the end-tunneling process. This result demonstrates the importance of measuring the Luttinger parameters as well as the number of modes independently through spectroscopy in addition to the transport exponent in the characterization of Luttinger liquids. This opens a pathway to unambiguous interpretation of the exponents observed in quantum wires.

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75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGYBulk TunnellingEnd TunnellingLuttinger liquidsQuantum WiresStrongly Correlated Systems

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Weldeyesus, Henok [Univ. of Basel (Switzerland)] (ORCID:0009000862761338), Vianez, Pedro Manuel Trocado [Univ. of Cambridge (United Kingdom); Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)] (ORCID:0000000322456108), Sharifi Sedeh, Omid [Univ. of Basel (Switzerland)] (ORCID:0000000157668798), Tan, Wooi Kiat [Univ. of Cambridge (United Kingdom)], Jin, Yiqing [Univ. of Cambridge (United Kingdom)], Moreno, María [Univ. of Cambridge (United Kingdom); Univ. of Salamanca (Spain)], Scheller, Christian P. [Univ. of Basel (Switzerland)] (ORCID:0000000225005807), Griffiths, Jonathan P. [Univ. of Cambridge (United Kingdom)], Farrer, Ian [Univ. of Sheffield (United Kingdom)], Ritchie, David A. [Univ. of Cambridge (United Kingdom)] (ORCID:0000000298448350), Zumbühl, Dominik M. [Univ. of Basel (Switzerland)] (ORCID:000000015831633X), Ford, Christopher J. B. [Univ. of Cambridge (United Kingdom)] (ORCID:0000000245573721), Tsyplyatyev, Oleksandr [Univ. Frankfurt (Germany)] (ORCID:0000000220816547). 2025-07-30. Dominant end-tunneling effect in two distinct Luttinger liquids coexisting in one quantum wire. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-62325-5

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