Engineering PapersSearch

DOE OSTI · 2572417

High average current HVDC electron gun for EIC hadron cooling

Abstract

A critical R&D initiative for the Electron Ion Collider (EIC) involves the design of an electron gun capable of gen erating a high average current and high-brightness electron beam for the hadron cooler. This is essential to preserve hadron beam quality and achieve the collider’s luminosity target of 1 × 10 34 s −1 cm −2 . For an energy recovery linac (ERL)-based hadron cooler, the gun must deliver a high average current of 98.5 mA, a normalized transverse emittance of less than 2 mm−mrad, and a bunch charge of up to 2.5 nC. This proceeding outlines the high-voltage design of a DC gun operating at 500 kV, with conditioning capability up to 600 kV. The design incorporates several unique fea tures, including the use of inverted ceramic at this voltage level, active cooling for the cathode, and large single-crystal multi-alkali cathodes grown on a silicon carbide substrate. High-brightness electron sources are also pivotal for other ad vanced applications, such as high-intensity gamma sources, future 𝑒 + 𝑒 − colliders, and ultra-deep UV sources for the semiconductor industry. Additionally, this paper provides an overview of the hadron cooling approaches planned or proposed for the EIC.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Wang, Erdong [Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)] (ORCID:0000000199093099), Rahman, O [Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)], Skaritka, J. [Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)], Lambiase, R. [Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)], Biswas, J. [Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)], Bruno, D. [Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)], Brutus, J. C. [Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)], Gaowei, M. [Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)], Inacker, P. [Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)], Mondal, K. P. [Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)], Panniccia, M. [Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)], Pandey, K. [Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)], Goldlust, J. [Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)], Dandridge, P. [Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)]. 2025-07-07. High average current HVDC electron gun for EIC hadron cooling. https://doi.org/10.2172/2572417

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related reports

Design and Integration of High Precision Superconducting Magnet Power Supply Systems

This paper reviews the design and integration approach being taken to power more than 400 superconducting magnets in Electron Ion Collider (EIC) by power supplies ranging from 20V to 400V and 100A to 18kA. A major challenge is to integrate existing legacy power supplies with new high current systems and maximize performance and reduce costs. Successful implementation requires coordinated integration of power convertors, current regulation, quench protection, energy extraction, machine protection, controls and existing accelerator infrastructure.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS

Searching for the Most Harmful Field Errors in the HSR IR Superconducting Magnets

In this project, we improve beam stability for the Electron-Ion Collider. Magnetic field errors can reduce beam stability, making it essential to identify the field errors that have the greatest impact on accelerator performance. However, this is particularly challenging because beam stability depends on the complex interactions of many magnetic field errors, resulting in a high-dimensional and nonlinear optimization problem. We determine which field errors are the most influential for the large physical aperture superconducting magnet B2PF, a critical magnet in the Interaction Region (IR) in the Hadron Storage Ring (HSR). We complete and analyze nearly 30,000 simulations on the Brookhaven National Laboratory Linux Cluster by varying 18 nonlinear magnetic field errors. We evaluate beam stability using the dynamic aperture and the tune diffusion. We identify the field errors that most strongly influence beam stability and establish quantitative field error tolerances that improve accelerator performance.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS