DOE OSTI · 2566098
DESI 2024: Constraints on physics-focused aspects of dark energy using DESI DR1 BAO data
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Abstract
Baryon acoustic oscillation data from the first year of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) provide near percent-level precision of cosmic distances in seven bins over the redshift range z=0.1–4.2. Here, this paper is the follow-up to the original DESI BAO cosmology paper [A. G. Adame et al. (DESI Collaboration), arXiv:2404.03002], which considered the conventional w 0 w a cold dark matter (CDM) model. We use the novel DESI data, together with other cosmic probes, to constrain the background expansion history using some well-motivated physical classes of dark energy. In particular, we explore three physics-focused behaviors of dark energy from the equation of state and energy density perspectives: the thawing class (matching many simple quintessence potentials), emergent class (where dark energy comes into being recently, as in phase transition models), and mirage class [where phenomenologically the distance to cosmic microwave background (CMB) last scattering is close to that from a cosmological constant Λ despite dark energy dynamics]. All three classes fit the data at least as well as Λ CDM, and indeed can improve on it by Δχ 2 ≈ –5 to –17 for the combination of DESI BAO with CMB and supernova data while having one more parameter. The mirage class does essentially as well as w 0 w a CDM and exhibits moderate to strong Bayesian evidence preference with respect to Λ CDM. These classes of dynamical behaviors highlight worthwhile avenues for further exploration into the nature of dark energy.
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Lodha, K. [Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute; University of Science and Technology] (ORCID:0009000425585655), Shafieloo, A. [Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute; University of Science and Technology] (ORCID:0000000168150337), Calderon, R. [Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute] (ORCID:0000000282157292), Linder, E. [Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; University of California; University of California] (ORCID:0000000155369241), Sohn, W. [Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute], Cervantes-Cota, J. L. [Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares] (ORCID:0000000230576786), de Mattia, A. [Université Paris-Saclay], García-Bellido, J. [Universidad Autónoma de Madrid] (ORCID:0000000293708360), Ishak, M. [The University of Texas at Dallas] (ORCID:000000026024466X), Matthewson, W. [Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute], Aguilar, J. [Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory], Ahlen, S. [Boston University] (ORCID:0000000160987247), Brooks, D. [University College London], Claybaugh, T. [Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory], de la Macorra, A. [Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México] (ORCID:0000000217691640), Dey, A. [NSF NOIRLab] (ORCID:0000000249284003), Dey, B. [University of Pittsburgh] (ORCID:0000000256657912), Doel, P. [University College London], Forero-Romero, J. E. [Universidad de los Andes; Universidad de los Andes] (ORCID:0000000228903725), Gaztañaga, E. [Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC); University of Portsmouth; Institute of Space Sciences], Gontcho, S. A. [Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory] (ORCID:000000033142233X), Howlett, C. [University of Queensland] (ORCID:0000000210819410), Juneau, S. [NSF NOIRLab], Kent, S. [University of Chicago; Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory] (ORCID:0000000342077420), Kisner, T. [Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory] (ORCID:0000000335107134), Lambert, A. [Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory], Landriau, M. [Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory] (ORCID:0000000318388528), Le Guillou, L. [Sorbonne Université] (ORCID:0000000171788868), Martini, P. [The Ohio State University; The Ohio State University; The Ohio State University] (ORCID:0000000242794182), Meisner, A. [NSF NOIRLab] (ORCID:0000000211257384), Miquel, R. [Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats; Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology], Moustakas, J. [Siena College] (ORCID:0000000227334559), Newman, J. A. [University of Pittsburgh] (ORCID:0000000186842222), Niz, G. [Universidad de Guanajuato—DCI; Instituto Avanzado de Cosmología A. C.] (ORCID:0000000215448946), Palanque-Delabrouille, N. [Université Paris-Saclay; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory] (ORCID:000000033188784X), Percival, W. J. [University of Waterloo; Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics; University of Waterloo] (ORCID:0000000206445727), Poppett, C. [Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; University of California; University of California], Prada, F. [Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (CSIC)] (ORCID:0000000171458674), Rossi, G. [Sejong University], Ruhlmann-Kleider, V. [Université Paris-Saclay] (ORCID:0009000060636121), Sanchez, E. [CIEMAT] (ORCID:0000000296468198), Schlafly, E. F. [Space Telescope Science Institute] (ORCID:0000000235697421), Schlegel, D. [Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory], Schubnell, M. [University of Michigan; University of Michigan], Seo, H. [Ohio University] (ORCID:0000000265883508), Sprayberry, D. [NSF NOIRLab], Tarlé, G. [University of Michigan] (ORCID:0000000317040781), Weaver, B. A. [NSF NOIRLab], Zou, H. [Chinese Academy of Sciences] (ORCID:0000000266843997). 2025-01-21. DESI 2024: Constraints on physics-focused aspects of dark energy using DESI DR1 BAO data. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.111.023532
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