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DOE OSTI · 2562103

Sub-wavelength optical lattice in 2D materials

Sarkar, Supratik [University of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States). Joint Quantum Institute (JQI)] (ORCID:0000000326452307)·Mehrabad, Mahmoud Jalali [University of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States). Joint Quantum Institute (JQI)] (ORCID:0000000298099998)·Suárez-Forero, Daniel G. [University of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States). Joint Quantum Institute (JQI)] (ORCID:0000000227576320)·Gu, Liuxin [University of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States)] (ORCID:0000000306708272)·Flower, Christopher J. [University of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States). Joint Quantum Institute (JQI)] (ORCID:000000026248937X)·Xu, Lida [University of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States). Joint Quantum Institute (JQI)] (ORCID:0009000536557868)·Watanabe, Kenji [National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba (Japan)] (ORCID:0000000337018119)·Taniguchi, Takashi [National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba (Japan)] (ORCID:0000000214673105)·Park, Suji [Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Center for Functional Nanomaterials (CFN)] (ORCID:0000000222697705)·Jang, Houk [Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Center for Functional Nanomaterials (CFN)]·Zhou, You [University of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States)] (ORCID:000000029854545X)·Hafezi, Mohammad [University of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States). Joint Quantum Institute (JQI)] (ORCID:0000000316794880)
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Abstract

Recently, light-matter interaction has been vastly expanded as a control tool for inducing and enhancing many emergent nonequilibrium phenomena. However, conventional schemes for exploring such light-induced phenomena rely on uniform and diffraction-limited free-space optics, which limits the spatial resolution and the efficiency of light-matter interaction. Here, we overcome these challenges using metasurface plasmon polaritons (MPPs) to form a sub-wavelength optical lattice. Specifically, we report a “nonlocal” pump-probe scheme where MPPs are excited to induce a spatially modulated AC Stark shift for excitons in a monolayer of MoSe 2 , several microns away from the illumination spot. We identify nearly two orders of magnitude reduction for the required modulation power compared to the free-space optical illumination counterpart. Moreover, we demonstrate a broadening of the excitons’ linewidth as a robust signature of MPP-induced periodic sub-diffraction modulation. Our results will allow exploring power-efficient light-induced lattice phenomena below the diffraction limit in active chip-compatible MPP architectures.

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36 MATERIALS SCIENCE

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Sarkar, Supratik [University of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States). Joint Quantum Institute (JQI)] (ORCID:0000000326452307), Mehrabad, Mahmoud Jalali [University of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States). Joint Quantum Institute (JQI)] (ORCID:0000000298099998), Suárez-Forero, Daniel G. [University of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States). Joint Quantum Institute (JQI)] (ORCID:0000000227576320), Gu, Liuxin [University of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States)] (ORCID:0000000306708272), Flower, Christopher J. [University of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States). Joint Quantum Institute (JQI)] (ORCID:000000026248937X), Xu, Lida [University of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States). Joint Quantum Institute (JQI)] (ORCID:0009000536557868), Watanabe, Kenji [National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba (Japan)] (ORCID:0000000337018119), Taniguchi, Takashi [National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba (Japan)] (ORCID:0000000214673105), Park, Suji [Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Center for Functional Nanomaterials (CFN)] (ORCID:0000000222697705), Jang, Houk [Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Center for Functional Nanomaterials (CFN)], Zhou, You [University of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States)] (ORCID:000000029854545X), Hafezi, Mohammad [University of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States). Joint Quantum Institute (JQI)] (ORCID:0000000316794880). 2025-03-26. Sub-wavelength optical lattice in 2D materials. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adv2023

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36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗