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DOE OSTI · 2506998

Influence of implantation temperature and He implantation-induced defects on morphological evolution of co-deposited Cu-Mo nanocomposites

Yadav, Digvijay [Texas A & M Univ., College Station, TX (United States)]·Derby, Benjamin K. [Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States). Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT)]·Powers, Max [Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)]·Baldwin, Jon Kevin [Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States). Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT)]·Wang, Yongqiang [Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)]·Misra, Amit [Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)]·Xie, Kelvin Y. [Texas A & M Univ., College Station, TX (United States)]·Demkowicz, Michael J. [Texas A & M Univ., College Station, TX (United States)]
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Abstract

Here, we investigate the effect of high-temperature helium (He) implantation on microstructural evolution in physical-vapor-co-deposited nanocomposite thin films of copper (Cu) and molybdenum (Mo). The microstructure morphologies of He-implanted and He-free domains are characterized using transmission electron microscopy and statistical analysis. High implantation temperatures (500°C and 750°C) lead to coarsening of Cu and Mo domains and their eventual reorientation. The microstructure evolution in He-implanted and He-free domains is comparable, indicating that implantation-induced defects do not accelerate the coarsening of the nanocomposite as compared to annealing alone. This observation contrasts with previously reported effects of implantation-induced defects on single-phase nanocrystalline metals, which include enhancement of grain growth by increasing self-diffusivity or its inhibition by pinning of grain boundaries.

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36 MATERIALS SCIENCEMaterial Scienceco-deposited metal nanocompositecoarseningcopperhelium bubbleimplantationmolybdenum

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Yadav, Digvijay [Texas A & M Univ., College Station, TX (United States)], Derby, Benjamin K. [Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States). Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT)], Powers, Max [Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)], Baldwin, Jon Kevin [Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States). Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT)], Wang, Yongqiang [Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)], Misra, Amit [Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)], Xie, Kelvin Y. [Texas A & M Univ., College Station, TX (United States)], Demkowicz, Michael J. [Texas A & M Univ., College Station, TX (United States)]. 2025-01-18. Influence of implantation temperature and He implantation-induced defects on morphological evolution of co-deposited Cu-Mo nanocomposites. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2025.155645

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DOE OSTI2026

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The transition to a flexible and reliable energy infrastructure, using electro-thermal energy generation technologies such as geothermal, concentrated solar power, and nuclear, usually demands simultaneous advancement of thermal energy storage (TES) to support on-demand electricity generation and industrial applications while mitigating the inherent intermittency of renewable energy sources and power outages from direct energy generation. Among TES technologies, thermochemical energy storage (TCES) based on calcium looping emerges as a compelling high-power energy storage candidate due to its high reaction enthalpy, compatibility with elevated operating temperatures, and abundance of low-cost materials. However, the long-term durability of calcium-based sorbents for TCES is hindered by surface sintering and particle aggregation, leading to performance degradation over repeated thermal cycles. This study explores a moisture hydration-based strategy to regenerate a degraded calcium sorbent and mitigate performance degradation for long duration TCES. The addition of moisture transforms calcium oxide into calcium hydroxide and produces intercalation water layers, associated with a regenerated surface area and reduced calcium oxide crystallite size. Both these effects are beneficial in restoring the sorbents' reactivity for carbonization. Additionally, an optimized hydration-assisted reactivation protocol balances the recovered energy storage capacity with heating penalty required for moisture removal from hydrated samples, resulting in an enhanced energy storage capacity up to 176% compared to benchmark sorbents that undergo cycling without reactivation after 60 cycles. In conclusion, these results highlight the potential of hydration-assisted reactivation to enhance the long-term performance of TCES, providing an effective pathway to advancing electro-thermal storage technologies.

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