DOE OSTI · 2476998
Reweighting simulated events using machine-learning techniques in the CMS experiment
Abstract
Data analyses in particle physics rely on an accurate simulation of particle collisions and a detailed simulation of detector effects to extract physics knowledge from the recorded data. Event generators together with a GEANT -based simulation of the detectors are used to produce large samples of simulated events for analysis by the LHC experiments. These simulations come at a high computational cost, where the detector simulation and reconstruction algorithms have the largest CPU demands. This article describes how machine-learning (ML) techniques are used to reweight simulated samples obtained with a given set of parameters to samples with different parameters or samples obtained from entirely different simulation programs. The ML reweighting method avoids the need for simulating the detector response multiple times by incorporating the relevant information in a single sample through event weights. Results are presented for reweighting to model variations and higher-order calculations in simulated top quark pair production at the LHC. This ML-based reweighting is an important element of the future computing model of the CMS experiment and will facilitate precision measurements at the High-Luminosity LHC.
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Hayrapetyan, A. [Yerevan Physics Institute], Tumasyan, A. [Yerevan Physics Institute; Yerevan State University] (ORCID:0009000006846742), Adam, W. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000190994341), Andrejkovic, J. W. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik], Benato, L. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000151357489), Bergauer, T. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000257860293), Chatterjee, S. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000326600349), Damanakis, K. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000153892872), Dragicevic, M. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000319676783), Hussain, P. S. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000248255278), Jeitler, M. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik; TU Wien] (ORCID:0000000251419560), Krammer, N. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000205480985), Li, A. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:000000024547116X), Liko, D. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:000000023380473X), Mikulec, I. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000303852746), Schieck, J. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik; TU Wien] (ORCID:0000000210588093), Schöfbeck, R. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik; TU Wien] (ORCID:0000000223328784), Schwarz, D. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000238217331), Sonawane, M. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000305107010), Waltenberger, W. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000262157228), Wulz, C.-E. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik; TU Wien] (ORCID:0000000192265812), Janssen, T. [Universiteit Antwerpen] (ORCID:0000000239984081), Van Laer, T. [Universiteit Antwerpen], Van Mechelen, P. [Universiteit Antwerpen] (ORCID:0000000287319051), Breugelmans, N. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel], D’Hondt, J. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] (ORCID:0000000295986241), Dansana, S. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] (ORCID:0000000277527471), De Moor, A. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] (ORCID:0000000159641935), Delcourt, M. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] (ORCID:0000000182061787), Heyen, F. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel], Lowette, S. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] (ORCID:0000000339849987), Makarenko, I. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] (ORCID:0000000285534508), Müller, D. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] (ORCID:0000000217524527), Tavernier, S. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] (ORCID:0000000267929522), Tytgat, M. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel; Ghent University] (ORCID:0000000239902074), Van Onsem, G. P. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] (ORCID:0000000216642337), Van Putte, S. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] (ORCID:0000000315593606), Vannerom, D. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] (ORCID:0000000227475095), Bilin, B. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0000000314397128), Clerbaux, B. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0000000185478211), Das, A. K. [Université Libre de Bruxelles], De Bruyn, I. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0000000317044360), De Lentdecker, G. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0000000151247693), Evard, H. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0009000550391462), Favart, L. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0000000316457454), Gianneios, P. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0009000372330738), Jaramillo, J. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0000000338856608), Khalilzadeh, A. [Université Libre de Bruxelles], Khan, F. A. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:000900022039277X), Lee, K. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0000000308084184), Malara, A. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0000000186459282), Paredes, S. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0000000184879603), Shahzad, M. A. [Université Libre de Bruxelles], Thomas, L. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0000000227563853), Vanden Bemden, M. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0009000077257945), Vander Velde, C. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0000000333927294), Vanlaer, P. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0000000279314496), De Coen, M. [Ghent University] (ORCID:0000000258547442), Dobur, D. [Ghent University] (ORCID:0000000300124866), Gokbulut, G. [Ghent University] (ORCID:0000000201756454), Hong, Y. [Ghent University] (ORCID:0000000347522458), Knolle, J. [Ghent University] (ORCID:0000000247815704), Lambrecht, L. [Ghent University] (ORCID:0000000191081560), Marckx, D. [Ghent University] (ORCID:0000000167522290), Mota Amarilo, K. [Ghent University] (ORCID:0000000317073348), Skovpen, K. [Ghent University] (ORCID:0000000211600621), Van Den Bossche, N. [Ghent University] (ORCID:0000000329734991), van der Linden, J. [Ghent University] (ORCID:000000027174781X), Wezenbeek, L. [Ghent University] (ORCID:000000016952891X), Benecke, A. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000302523609), Bethani, A. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000281507043), Bruno, G. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000188578197), Caputo, C. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000175224808), De Favereau De Jeneret, J. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000317758574), Delaere, C. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000187076021), Donertas, I. S. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:000000017485412X), Giammanco, A. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000196408294), Guzel, A. O. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000294045933), Jain, Sa. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000150783689), Lemaitre, V. [Université Catholique de Louvain], Lidrych, J. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000314390196), Mastrapasqua, P. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000220432367), Tran, T. T. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:000000033060350X), Turkcapar, S. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000326080494), Alves, G. A. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas] (ORCID:0000000283691446), Coelho, E. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas] (ORCID:0000000161149907), Correia Silva, G. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas] (ORCID:0000000162323591), Hensel, C. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas] (ORCID:0000000188747624), Menezes De Oliveira, T. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas] (ORCID:0009000947298354), Mora Herrera, C. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro] (ORCID:0000000339153170), Rebello Teles, P. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas] (ORCID:0000000190298506), Soeiro, M. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas], Tonelli Manganote, E. J. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas; FACAMP-Faculdades de Campinas] (ORCID:0000000324598521), Vilela Pereira, A. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro] (ORCID:0000000331774626), Aldá Júnior, W. L. [Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro] (ORCID:0000000158559817), Barroso Ferreira Filho, M. [Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro] (ORCID:0000000339040571), Brandao Malbouisson, H. [Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro] (ORCID:000000021326318X), Carvalho, W. [Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro] (ORCID:0000000307386615), Chinellato, J. [Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Universidade Estadual de Campinas], Da Costa, E. M. [Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro] (ORCID:0000000250166434). 2025-05-06. Reweighting simulated events using machine-learning techniques in the CMS experiment. https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc%2Fs10052-025-14097-x
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