Engineering Papers⌕ Search

DOE OSTI · 1270977

Materials Data on Cs2CdBi2S5 by Materials Project

Abstract

Cs2Bi2CdS5 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pnma space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent Cs1+ sites. In the first Cs1+ site, Cs1+ is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven S2- atoms. There are a spread of Cs–S bond distances ranging from 3.54–3.69 Å. In the second Cs1+ site, Cs1+ is bonded to six S2- atoms to form distorted CsS6 octahedra that share corners with five BiS6 octahedra, corners with three equivalent CdS4 tetrahedra, edges with four equivalent CsS6 octahedra, edges with five BiS6 octahedra, and an edgeedge with one CdS4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 3–54°. There are a spread of Cs–S bond distances ranging from 3.42–3.67 Å. Cd2+ is bonded to four S2- atoms to form CdS4 tetrahedra that share corners with three equivalent CsS6 octahedra, corners with two equivalent CdS4 tetrahedra, an edgeedge with one CsS6 octahedra, and edges with four BiS6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 1–28°. There are a spread of Cd–S bond distances ranging from 2.56–2.60 Å. There are two inequivalent Bi3+ sites. In the first Bi3+ site, Bi3+ is bonded to six S2- atoms to form distorted BiS6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one BiS6 octahedra, corners with two equivalent CsS6 octahedra, edges with three equivalent CsS6 octahedra, edges with four BiS6 octahedra, and edges with two equivalent CdS4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 11–43°. There are a spread of Bi–S bond distances ranging from 2.62–3.49 Å. In the second Bi3+ site, Bi3+ is bonded to six S2- atoms to form BiS6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one BiS6 octahedra, corners with three equivalent CsS6 octahedra, edges with two equivalent CsS6 octahedra, edges with four BiS6 octahedra, and edges with two equivalent CdS4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 3–54°. There are a spread of Bi–S bond distances ranging from 2.74–3.06 Å. There are five inequivalent S2- sites. In the first S2- site, S2- is bonded to three equivalent Cs1+, one Cd2+, and two equivalent Bi3+ atoms to form distorted SCs3CdBi2 octahedra that share corners with six SCs3CdBi2 octahedra, corners with two equivalent SCs2Bi3 square pyramids, edges with five SCs3CdBi2 octahedra, edges with three equivalent SCs2Bi3 square pyramids, and a faceface with one SCs3CdBi2 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 2–69°. In the second S2- site, S2- is bonded to three equivalent Cs1+ and three Bi3+ atoms to form SCs3Bi3 octahedra that share corners with three SCs3CdBi2 octahedra, edges with seven SCs3CdBi2 octahedra, and edges with two equivalent SCs2Bi3 square pyramids. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 2–14°. In the third S2- site, S2- is bonded to two equivalent Cs1+ and three Bi3+ atoms to form distorted SCs2Bi3 square pyramids that share corners with six SCs3CdBi2 octahedra, edges with seven SCs3CdBi2 octahedra, and edges with two equivalent SCs2Bi3 square pyramids. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 3–47°. In the fourth S2- site, S2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Cs1+, two equivalent Cd2+, and two Bi3+ atoms. In the fifth S2- site, S2- is bonded to three Cs1+, one Cd2+, and two equivalent Bi3+ atoms to form distorted SCs3CdBi2 octahedra that share corners with five SCs3CdBi2 octahedra, corners with four equivalent SCs2Bi3 square pyramids, edges with four SCs3CdBi2 octahedra, edges with two equivalent SCs2Bi3 square pyramids, and a faceface with one SCs3CdBi2 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 14–69°.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

2020-05-02. Materials Data on Cs2CdBi2S5 by Materials Project. https://doi.org/10.17188/1270977

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related reports

Cyclic moisture reactivation of calcium sorbents for long duration thermochemical energy storage

The transition to a flexible and reliable energy infrastructure, using electro-thermal energy generation technologies such as geothermal, concentrated solar power, and nuclear, usually demands simultaneous advancement of thermal energy storage (TES) to support on-demand electricity generation and industrial applications while mitigating the inherent intermittency of renewable energy sources and power outages from direct energy generation. Among TES technologies, thermochemical energy storage (TCES) based on calcium looping emerges as a compelling high-power energy storage candidate due to its high reaction enthalpy, compatibility with elevated operating temperatures, and abundance of low-cost materials. However, the long-term durability of calcium-based sorbents for TCES is hindered by surface sintering and particle aggregation, leading to performance degradation over repeated thermal cycles. This study explores a moisture hydration-based strategy to regenerate a degraded calcium sorbent and mitigate performance degradation for long duration TCES. The addition of moisture transforms calcium oxide into calcium hydroxide and produces intercalation water layers, associated with a regenerated surface area and reduced calcium oxide crystallite size. Both these effects are beneficial in restoring the sorbents' reactivity for carbonization. Additionally, an optimized hydration-assisted reactivation protocol balances the recovered energy storage capacity with heating penalty required for moisture removal from hydrated samples, resulting in an enhanced energy storage capacity up to 176% compared to benchmark sorbents that undergo cycling without reactivation after 60 cycles. In conclusion, these results highlight the potential of hydration-assisted reactivation to enhance the long-term performance of TCES, providing an effective pathway to advancing electro-thermal storage technologies.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗