TY - RPRT TI - Multi-physics melt pool modeling and process optimization for laser direct energy deposition of Nb-based refractory C103: Defect formation, geometric precision, and process mapping AU - Prabhune, Bhagyashree [Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)] (ORCID:0000000263147718) AU - Panicker, Nithin [Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)] AU - Jordan, Brian [Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)] (ORCID:0000000221935185) AU - Lim, Bryan [Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)] (ORCID:0000000203149906) AU - Snyder, Kyle [Commonwealth Center for Advanced Manufacturing (CCMA), Disputanta, VA (United States)] AU - Delchini, Marco [Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)] (ORCID:000000033263254X) AU - See, Nathan D. [Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)] (ORCID:0000000178581202) AU - Nag, Soumya [Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)] (ORCID:0000000291709212) AU - Plotnikov, Yuri [Commonwealth Center for Advanced Manufacturing (CCMA), Disputanta, VA (United States)] AU - Lee, Yousub [Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)] (ORCID:0000000255630419) PY - 2025 DO - 10.1016/j.jmapro.2025.09.082 UR - https://www.osti.gov/biblio/3002834 ID - 3002834 ER -