Engineering topics

Wei, J.

Publications and source records attributed to Wei, J..

At least 19 records

DOE OSTI2024

Acceleration of uranium beam to record power of 10.4 kW and observation of new isotopes at Facility for Rare Isotope Beams

The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) is a major nuclear physics facility for research with fast, stopped, and reaccelerated beams that was successfully commissioned in May 2022. A key capability of FRIB is the production of an acceleration of the uranium beam, but this capability requires the facility to work at the design limits of the lowest charge-to-mass ratio and the highest power density on the beam intercepting devices. This paper presents techniques for overcoming the significant challenges in accelerating the uranium beam, culminating in the demonstration of 10.4 kW on target, and the discovery of three new isotopes. The high-power uranium beam enabled us to produce and identify G 88 a , A 93 s , and S 96 e , within the first 24 h of operation. The successful uranium operation at FRIB sets a new record for accelerated uranium beam power above 10 kW and opens a new avenue of research with rare isotopes. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗

DOE OSTI2024

Technological developments and accelerator improvements for the FRIB beam power ramp-up

The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) began operation with 1 kW beam power for scientific users in May 2022 upon completion of 8 years of project construction. The ramp-up to the ultimate beam power of 400 kW, planned over a 6-year period, will enable the facility to reach its full potential for scientific discovery in isotope science and applications. In December 2023, a record-high beam power of 10.4 kW uranium was delivered to the target. Technological developments and accelerator improvements are being made over the entire facility and are key to completion of the power ramp-up. Major technological developments entail the phased deployment of high-power beam-intercepting systems, including the charge strippers, the charge selection systems, the production target, and the beam dump, along with support systems, including non-conventional utilities (NCU) and remote handling facilities. Major accelerator improvements include renovations to aging legacy systems associated with experimental beam lines and system automation for improved operational efficiency and better machine availability. Experience must be gained to safely handle the increased radiological impacts associated with high beam power; extensive machine studies and advanced beam tuning procedures are needed to minimize uncontrolled beam losses for the desired operating conditions. This paper discusses the technological developments and accelerator improvements with emphasis on major R&D efforts.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗

NASA NTRS2020

An Update on Global Satellite-Based Precipitation Products and Services at NASA GES DISC

The NASA Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC) is home to major NASA satellite precipitation measurement missions including the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) as well as other NASA projects. Accurate and timely available global and regional precipitation products play an important role in research and applications around the world. The GES DISC provides near-real-time, near-global precipitation products (e.g.IMERG) to support a wide variety of interdisciplinary research and operational activities including flood modeling, landslides, crop monitoring and assessment, vector-borne diseases, etc. Climate data record products (e.g.GPCP3) are essential for climate research, assessment, model evaluation and applications. To facilitate data access and exploration, the GES DISC has developed data services such asGiovanni, an online visualization and analysis tool for easy access to over 2000 satellite- and model-based variables. Established in the mid 1980s, the GES DISC also distributes data in other disciplines including hydrology, atmospheric chemistry, atmospheric dynamics, etc. In this presentation, we will present an update on global precipitation products and data services including the new IMERG V06B suite, the latest version of GPCP (Version 3) and value-added data subsetting services (L34RS, L2S).

Liu, Zhong↗

NASA NTRS2019

Explore Air Quality from NASA Satellite Data

Space-borne earth observation has been important to monitor the earth condition and played acritical role in validating other instruments or modeling's outputs. However, the data from satellite earth observation are usually very complex in terms of science contents, formats, and spatiotemporal granularities, making them difficult to use from many aspects. NASA Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), one of the 12 official NASA data centers, archives and distributes rich collections of data from multiple satellite missions and model results. The GES DISC is also the official archive center for data from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) aboard NASA's Aura mission since 2004. Recently, the GES DISChas been evolving and improving its data management and services in order to promote NASA data to be easily discovered and accessed, as well as to facilitate interoperability. We'll show in this presentation how to explore and analyze NASA earth observation data for air quality through a suite of user-friendly tools - from Giovanni to ArcGIS, demonstrating in using this set of tools prepares us to serve the Sentinel 5P TROPOMI to the community.

Wei, J.↗

NASA NTRS2019

New Era, New Opportunity, Is GES DISC Ready for Big Data Challenge?

The new era of Big Data has opened doors for many new opportunities, as well as new challenges, for both Earth science research/application and data communities. As one of the twelve NASA data centers - Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), one of our great challenges has been how to help research/application community efficiently (quickly and properly) accessing, visualizing and analyzing the massive and diverse data in natural hazard research, management, or even prediction. GES DISC has archived over 2000 TB data on premises and distributed over 23,000 TB of data since 2010. Our data has been widely used in every phase of natural hazard management and research, i.e. long term risk assessment and reduction, forecasting and predicting, monitoring and detection, early warning, damage assessment and response. The big data challenge is not just about data storage, but also about data discoverability and accessibility, and even more, about data migration/mirroring in the cloud. This paper is going to demonstrate GES DISC’s efforts and approaches of evolving our overall Web services and powerful Giovanni (Geospatial Interactive Online Visualization ANd aNalysis Infrastructure) tool into further improving data discoverability and accessibility. Prototype works will also be presented.

Li, A.↗

NASA NTRS2019

An Update on GPM Products and Services at GES DISC

This poster describes our latest activities with regard to GPM, TRMM, and other precipitation products and services at the NASA Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), including: Update on GPM products and data services; New datasets and features in Giovanni; Data and service access metric analysis; Ongoing development activities; Outreach activities.

Liu, Z.↗

NASA NTRS2019

Data Preservation: Final Step in the Life Cycle of a Mission

Many NASA Earth Observing System (EOS) have either already reached the end of their active life or are nearing it. Preservmissionsation of data products is a fairly well defined task for the NASA EOS Data Centers or DAACs.The Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES-DISC) has implemented a repository system, which is capable of long-term archive of documentation artifacts and other associated digital content. The existing GES-DISC Repository System is based on Fedora Commons, an open-source repository management software, for cost savings and flexibility.The first mission to utilize the GES-DISC Repository System was the High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder (HIRDLS) on the Aura spacecraft. Since then, the GES DISC has gathered documentation from the UARS and TOMS into the Repository. The Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) team has begun delivering some early pre-launch documents to the GES-DISC Repository System as well. Other missions in planning or progress include AIRS, OMI, SORCE, SNPP Sounder, and TRMM.

Johnson, J.↗

NASA NTRS2019

An Update on GPM and TRMM Data Services at NASA GES DISC

The Goddard Earth Sciences (GES) Data and Information Services Center (DISC) is home to data archives of the NASA-JAXA Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM), the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), and other NASA missions and projects. To maximize the use of NASA data products in scientific research and applications as well as for societal benefits, we provide data and information services that make datasets easy to find and use through simplification of data access for users at all levels around the world. Over the years, user-friendly data services have been developed at GES DISC, including data subsetting, format conversion, online visualization and analysis (i.e. Giovanni), user support system, etc. We routinely analyze questions, feedback, and use cases from users and algorithm developers around the world as well as best practices and new technology to improve existing services and formulate new data services. Interaction between users and algorithm developers is an important process for identifying issues in products, collecting user requirements, and improving product quality and usability. Staff members regularly communicate with algorithm developers with user questions and concerns through conferences and workshops. We publish peer-reviewed papers and articles in major Earth science journals and book chapters to describe NASA global and regional precipitation datasets and services with examples. News articles about GPM and TRMM datasets associated with significant events are regularly posted in the GES DISC Web portal and social media. We also actively participate in training activities. In this presentation, we present our latest activities about GPM and TRMM data services, data/service metrics, and future plans at GES DISC.

Liu, Z.↗

NASA NTRS2019

Online Visualization and Analysis of NASA Satellite-Based Global and Regional Precipitation Products Through Giovanni

Observational data are essential for Earth science research and applications. Traditional ground-based observations suffer from many limitations (e.g. costly deployment). As a result, data are often sparse and inconsistent, especially over vast oceans that cover nearly 71% of the Earth's surface, and for remote continents. Precipitation is one of the important physical parameters in the global hydrological cycle and other disciplines. Each year, severe floods and droughts happen in different parts of the world and cause significant damage to the economy, as well as human casualties (e.g. Hurricane Katrina, the Dust Bowl). Accurate and timely precipitation observations and predictions are important for research and applications. However, ground-based precipitation observations are quite limited, especially in remote and mountainous regions. Since the satellite era began, satellite-based precipitation products have gained popularity in Earth science research, applications, and education. Accessing satellite products can be a daunting task to many users, especially those who do not have prior experience or knowledge with satellite data. Recognizing this obstacle, the NASA Goddard Earth Sciences and Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), home to data archives for the NASA-JAXA Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM), has developed data services including an online visualization and analysis tool, Giovanni (the Geospatial Interactive Online Visualization ANd aNalysis Infrastructure), enabling users at different levels to access, explore, and evaluate NASA satellite-based data products without downloading either data and software, or requiring coding. Currently, global and regional precipitation products from different satellite missions (TRMM, GPM) and projects (e.g. the Modern Era Retrospective-analysis for Research and Applications Version 2 (MERRA-2), and the North American Land Data Assimilation System (NLDAS)), ranging from half-hourly to monthly temporal resolution, are available in Giovanni. There are over 1900 variables in Giovanni, covering measurements in precipitation, hydrology, atmospheric dynamics, atmospheric chemistry, etc. In this poster presentation, we will provide a live demonstration of Giovanni and its latest development, including precipitation-related variables, and new basic features such as polar projections. The session will also provide a Q&A opportunity for attendees.

Giovanni↗

NASA NTRS2018

Challenges in Development of Online Visualization and Analysis Tools for Satellite Data

Over the years, various online visualization and analysis tools have been developed to facilitate satellite data access and help scientific users around the world to conduct research and develop applications (e.g., data product evaluation, what-if questions, etc.). For those who are new to satellite data products, using them can be a daunting task due to many obstacles in data processing such as data formats, complex data structures, special software packages, unfamiliar terminology, etc., especially when one is not sure whether a dataset is suitable for his/er research project. Even for experienced users, developing software for data processing and analysis can be a costly and time-consuming task. Online visualization tools can overcome many of these difficulties and allow users to focus on scientific questions. For example, Giovanni (the Geospatial Interactive Online Visualization and Analysis Infrastructure, https://giovanni.gsfc.nasa.gov), developed by the NASA Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), allows access over 1900 satellite and model variables in 82 measurement groups of 8 disciplines without downloading data and software. Main features include basic functions for data analysis and visualization, data provenance, output data in different formats (ASCII, NetCDF, GeoTIFF), and more. Over the years, ~1700 peer-reviewed publications in different disciplines have been benefited from Giovanni in research activities (e.g. initial investigation, what-if questions, product evaluation). Despite the success of online visualization and analysis tools, challenges and new opportunities still exist and more can be done with new requirements and technology. Examples are: a) how to increase the efficiency of dataset search by enhancing intuitive aspects; b) how to facilitate interdisciplinary research; c) how to provide data quality information; d) how to engage users to participate in data quality assessment; and more. NASA Earth Observing System Data and Information System (EOSDIS) satellite-based data products are processed at various levels ranging from Level 0 to Level 4. While most users use data products at higher levels (Level-3 and 4), products at lower levels are still important for case studies, algorithm development, ground validation, etc. In this presentation, we will use Giovanni as an example to present and discuss challenges and near-future opportunities for satellite data online visualization and analysis tools.

Liu, Zhong↗

NASA NTRS2018

Investigating Hydrometeorological Conditions Associated with Increasing Dust Events in Southwestern United States

A recent study (Tong et al. 2017) shows a rapid intensification of dust storm activity over the southwestern United States in the past decades. For example, the frequency of windblown dust storms has increased 240 percent from 1990s to 2000s. Increasing dust storms can worsen air quality in the region. The study also finds that the intensification of dust events has a close connection with a fast-rising infectious disease (valley fever) caused by inhaling soil-dwelling fungi (Coccidioides immitis and C. posadasii) in the southwestern United States. Hydrometeorological conditions play an important role in dust storm activity, including winds, precipitation, soil moisture, atmospheric boundary stability, land surface types, etc. In this presentation, we describe our preliminary results of linking the dust trends to variations of hydrometeorological conditions at regional and global scales, using a number of Earth observations, including products from NLDAS (North American Land Data Assimilation System), TRMM (Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission), and MERRA (Modern Era Retrospective-analysis for Research and Applications) datasets, from NASA Goddard Earth Sciences (GES) Data and Information Services Center (DISC). The GES DISC, one of the 12 NASA data centers, is home to multidisciplinary data archives such as precipitation, hydrology, atmospheric chemistry, atmospheric dynamics, etc. We demonstrate that multidisciplinary datasets and services at GES DISC can be used for interdisciplinary investigation to understand the interactions of Earth system components from an observational perspective.

satellite↗

NASA NTRS2018

GPM, TRMM, and Other Global Precipitation Products and Services at NASA GES DISC

Precipitation is a key environmental variable. For example, in agriculture, precipitation, temperature, water (soil moisture), solar radiation, NDVI, etc., are key variables.Rainfed agriculture â€“ major farming practices that rely on rainfall for water.Rainfed agriculture: >95% of farmed land (sub-Saharan Africa); 90% (Latin America); 75% (Near East and North Africa); 65% (East Asia); 60% (South Asia).Droughts and floods can cause severe crop loss. The Goddard Earth Sciences (GES) Data and Information Services Center (DISC), one of 12 NASA data centers, is located in Greenbelt, Maryland, USA. The NASA GES DISC is a major data archive center for global precipitation, water & energy cycles, atmospheric composition, and climate variability.

Liu, Z.↗

NASA NTRS2018

OMI/TROPOMI Data Support from GES DISC

The NASA GES DISC has been the official archive center for data from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) aboard NASA's Aura mission since 2004. In recent years, the GES DISC has been evolving and improving its data management and services in order to promote its data to be easily discovered and accessed, as well as to facilitate data "interoperability". This presentation will summarize metrics collected of OMI data usage and GES DISC data services. In order to support the recently released Sentinel-5P/TROPOMI data from ESA at the NASA GES DISC, a new End User License Agreement (EULA) has been implemented for users accessing these data from the GES DISC.

Johnson, J.↗

NASA NTRS2017

Access NASA Satellite Global Precipitation Data Visualization on YouTube

Since the satellite era began, NASA has collected a large volume of Earth science observations for research and applications around the world. The collected and archived satellite data at 12 NASA data centers can also be used for STEM education and activities such as disaster events, climate change, etc. However, accessing satellite data can be a daunting task for non-professional users such as teachers and students because of unfamiliarity of terminology, disciplines, data formats, data structures, computing resources, processing software, programming languages, etc. Over the years, many efforts including tools, training classes, and tutorials have been developed to improve satellite data access for users, but barriers still exist for non-professionals. In this presentation, we will present our latest activity that uses a very popular online video sharing Web site, YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/), for accessing visualizations of our global precipitation datasets at the NASA Goddard Earth Sciences (GES) Data and Information Services Center (DISC). With YouTube, users can access and visualize a large volume of satellite data without the necessity to learn new software or download data. The dataset in this activity is a one-month animation for the GPM (Global Precipitation Measurement) Integrated Multi-satellite Retrievals for GPM (IMERG). IMERG provides precipitation on a near-global (60 deg. N-S) coverage at half-hourly time interval, providing more details on precipitation processes and development compared to the 3-hourly TRMM (Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission) Multisatellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA, 3B42) product. When the retro-processing of IMERG during the TRMM era is finished in 2018, the entire video will contain more than 330,000 files and will last ~3.6 hours. Future plans include development of flyover videos for orbital data for an entire satellite mission or project. All videos, including the one-month animation, will be uploaded and available at the GES DISC site on YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/user/NASAGESDISC).

precipitation↗

NASA NTRS2017

Accessing Suomi NPP OMPS Products through the GES DISC Online Data Services

This presentation will provide an overview of the OMPS products available at the GES DISC archive, as well as demonstrate the various data services provided by the GES DISC. Since the TOMS, SBUV, and EOS Aura (OMI, MLS, HIRDLS) data products are also available from the GES DISC archive, these can be easily accessed and compared with the OMPS data.

OMPS↗

NASA NTRS2014

Giovanni-4: The Next Generation

This talk discusses the new aspects of Giovanni-4. Covered in the talk are new features in Giovanni-4, including shape fileservices, seasonal analysis services, the Omnibus Portal, navigation among variables, and comparison services.

analysis↗

NASA NTRS2011

Making Earth Science Data Records for Use in Research Environments (MEaSUREs) Projects Data and Services at the GES DISC

NASA's Earth Science Program is dedicated to advancing Earth remote sensing and pioneering the scientific use of satellite measurements to improve human understanding of our home planet. Through the MEaSUREs Program, NASA is continuing its commitment to expand understanding of the Earth system using consistent data records. Emphasis is on linking together multiple data sources to form coherent time-series, and facilitating the use of extensive data in the development of comprehensive Earth system models. A primary focus of the MEaSUREs Program is the creation of Earth System Data Records (ESDRs). An ESDR is defined as a unified and coherent set of observations of a given parameter of the Earth system, which is optimized to meet specific requirements for addressing science questions. These records are critical for understanding Earth System processes; for the assessment of variability, long-term trends, and change in the Earth System; and for providing input and validation means to modeling efforts. Seven MEaSUREs projects will be archived and distributed through services at the Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC).

Vollmer, Bruce E.↗

NASA NTRS2011

Improvement of OMI Ozone Profile Retrievals in the Troposphere and Lower Troposphere by the Use of the Tropopause-Based Ozone Profile Climatology

An advance algorithm based on the optimal estimation technique has beeen developed to derive ozone profile from GOME UV radiances and have adapted it to OMI UV radiances. OMI vertical resolution : 7-11 km in the troposphere and 10-14 km in the stratosphere. Satellite ultraviolet measurements (GOME, OMI) contain little vertical information for the small scale of ozone, especially in the upper troposphere (UT) and lower stratosphere (LS) where the sharp O3 gradient across the tropopause and large ozone variability are observed. Therefore, retrievals depend greatly on the a-priori knowledge in the UTLS

Bak, Juseon↗