Design and Control of a Fueled Molten Salt Cartridge Experiment for the Versatile Test Reactor
Not Available
22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗
Engineering topics
Simpson, Mike
Publications and source records attributed to Simpson, Mike.
Deliquescence of eutectic LiCl-KCl diluted with NaCl for interim waste salt storage
Molten eutectic LiCl-KCl salt is a widely used electrolyte for electrorefining uranium from spent nuclear fuel. Due to the hygroscopic nature of this salt, careful handling and storage of solidified waste electrorefiner (ER) salt is required to avoid deliquescence and corrosion of container materials. This study investigated a potential processing path for reducing the deliquescence through dilution with NaCl. The hydration behavior of LiCl-KCl salts diluted with NaCl was evaluated in terms of mass gain due to mass of water absorption, visual evidence of deliquescence, and visual evidence of corrosion to stainless steel containers in a humid air environment. Pure eutectic LiCl-KCl exhibited a 50 mass% increase due to water absorption and showed signs of deliquescence after 24 hours. 89 mass% NaCl was required in order to prevent deliquescence. Dilution with 89% NaCl was also found to protect corrosion to stainless steel crucibles. Corrosion, thus, appears to require deliquescence. While NaCl dilution greatly decreases steady state hydration and eliminated deliquescence, storage volume is increased ~10x.
11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
Electrical Energy Storage Data Submission Guidelines
Energy storage technologies are positioned to play a substantial role in power delivery systems. They are being touted as an effective new resource to maintain reliability and allow for increased penetration of renewable energy. However, due to their relative infancy, there is a lack of knowledge on how these resources truly operate over time. Data analysis can help ascertain the operational and performance characteristics of these emerging technologies. Rigorous testing and data analysis are important for all stakeholders to ensure a safe, reliable system that performs predictably on a macro level. Standardizing testing and analysis approaches to verifying the performance of energy storage devices, equipment, and systems when integrating them into the grid will improve the understanding and benefit of energy storage over time from technical and economic vantage points. Demonstrating the life-cycle value and capabilities of energy storage systems begins with the data the provider supplies for analysis. After review of energy storage data received from several providers, it has become clear that some of these data are inconsistent and incomplete, raising the question of their efficacy for robust analysis. This report reviews and proposes general guidelines such as sampling rates and data points that providers must supply for robust data analysis to take place. Consistent guidelines are the basis of the proper protocol and ensuing standards to (a) reduce the time it takes data to reach those who are providing analysis; (b) allow them to better understand the energy storage installations; and (c) enable them to provide high-quality analysis of the installations. This report is intended to serve as a starting point for what data points should be provided when monitoring. As battery technologies continue to advance and the industry expands, this report will be updated to remain current.
25 ENERGY STORAGE↗