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Robinson, William

Publications and source records attributed to Robinson, William.

Leveraging Shore-Side, Building Energy Simulation Tools for Use in the Shipboard Environment

Within the confines of the Maritime Prescreening Assessment of Conservation Technologies program, the U.S. Department of Energy's National Renewable Energy Laboratory, in collaboration with the Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock and Philadelphia Divisions, the U.S. Department of Transportation's Maritime Administration, and the Massachusetts Maritime Academy, recently developed a physics-based modeling engine to evaluate non-propulsive ship energy consumption under different operational scenarios and technology applications, in order to enhance the Navy's ability to optimize ship operational reach and tactical performance. To accomplish this, a mature thermophysical modeling software, EnergyPlus TM , was modified for ship-related applications. This software, originally developed for use in whole-building energy consumption studies, is a free and open-source simulation program that has been used for more than two decades. The team evaluated the accuracy of the modified version of EnergyPlus by comparing results to direct measurements taken over a 6-week underway period onboard the Maritime Administration's Training Ship Kennedy. The team developed an energy model of a prescribed area of the ship and compared its performance to measured results obtained from 235 sensor points. EnergyPlus behaved well with respect to solar loading and convective heat transfer to seawater while the ship was underway. However, results suggest that additional work remains to accurately simulate seawater heat transfer while the ship is stationary.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗

Advanced optical instruments technology

The science objectives for proposed NASA missions for the next decades push the state of the art in sensitivity and spatial resolution over a wide range of wavelengths, including the x-ray to the submillimeter. While some of the proposed missions are larger and more sensitive versions of familiar concepts, such as the next generation space telescope, others use concepts, common on the Earth, but new to space, such as optical interferometry, in order to provide spatial resolutions impossible with other concepts. However, despite their architecture, the performance of all of the proposed missions depends critically on the back-end instruments that process the collected energy to produce scientifically interesting outputs. The Advanced Optical Instruments Technology panel was chartered with defining technology development plans that would best improve optical instrument performance for future astrophysics missions. At this workshop the optical instrument was defined as the set of optical components that reimage the light from the telescope onto the detectors to provide information about the spatial, spectral, and polarization properties of the light. This definition was used to distinguish the optical instrument technology issues from those associated with the telescope, which were covered by a separate panel. The panel identified several areas for optical component technology development: diffraction gratings; tunable filters; interferometric beam combiners; optical materials; and fiber optics. The panel also determined that stray light suppression instruments, such as coronagraphs and nulling interferometers, were in need of general development to support future astrophysics needs.

Shao, Mike↗