Engineering topics

Potok, Thomas

Publications and source records attributed to Potok, Thomas.

42 records · Page 3

DOE OSTI2018

167-PFlops deep learning for electron microscopy: from learning physics to atomic manipulation

An artificial intelligence system called MENNDL, which used 25,200 NVIDIA Volta GPUs on Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Summit machine, automatically designed an optimal deep learning network in order to extract structural information from raw atomic-resolution microscopy data. In a few hours, MENNDL creates and evaluates millions of networks using a scalable, parallel, asynchronous genetic algorithm augmented with a support vector machine to automatically find a superior deep learning network topology and hyper-parameter set than a human expert can find in months. For the application of electron microscopy, the system furthers the goal of improving our understanding of the electron-beam-matter interactions and real-time image-based feedback, which enables a huge step beyond human capacity towards nanofabricating materials automatically. MENNDL has been scaled to the 4,200 available nodes of Summit achieving a measured 152.5 PFlops, with an estimated sustained performance of 167 PFlops when the entire machine is available.

Patton, Robert↗

DOE OSTI2018

Adiabatic Quantum Computation Applied to Deep Learning Networks

Training deep learning networks is a difficult task due to computational complexity, and this is traditionally handled by simplifying network topology to enable parallel computation on graphical processing units (GPUs). However, the emergence of quantum devices allows reconsideration of complex topologies. We illustrate a particular network topology that can be trained to classify MNIST data (an image dataset of handwritten digits) and neutrino detection data using a restricted form of adiabatic quantum computation known as quantum annealing performed by a D-Wave processor. We provide a brief description of the hardware and how it solves Ising models, how we translate our data into the corresponding Ising models, and how we use available expanded topology options to explore potential performance improvements. Although we focus on the application of quantum annealing in this article, the work discussed here is just one of three approaches we explored as part of a larger project that considers alternative means for training deep learning networks. The other approaches involve using a high performance computing (HPC) environment to automatically find network topologies with good performance and using neuromorphic computing to find a low-power solution for training deep learning networks. Our results show that our quantum approach can find good network parameters in a reasonable time despite increased network topology complexity; that HPC can find good parameters for traditional, simplified network topologies; and that neuromorphic computers can use low power memristive hardware to represent complex topologies and parameters derived from other architecture choices.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗

DOE OSTI2018

Neuromorphic computing for temporal scientific data classification

In this work, we apply a spiking neural network model and an associated memristive neuromorphic implementation to an application in classifying temporal scientific data. We demonstrate that the spiking neural network model achieves comparable results to a previously reported convolutional neural network model, with significantly fewer neurons and synapses required.

Schuman, Catherine↗

DOE OSTI2017

Evolving Deep Networks Using HPC

While a large number of deep learning networks have been studiedand published that produce outstanding results on natural imagedatasets, these datasets only make up a fraction of those to whichdeep learning can be applied. These datasets include text data, audiodata, and arrays of sensors that have very different characteristicsthan natural images. As these “best” networks for natural imageshave been largely discovered through experimentation and cannotbe proven optimal on some theoretical basis, there is no reasonto believe that they are the optimal network for these drasticallydifferent datasets. Hyperparameter search is thus often a very im-portant process when applying deep learning to a new problem. Inthis work we present an evolutionary approach to searching thepossible space of network hyperparameters and construction thatcan scale to 18, 000 nodes. This approach is applied to datasets ofvarying types and characteristics where we demonstrate the abilityto rapidly find best hyperparameters in order to enable practitionersto quickly iterate between idea and result.

Young, Steven↗

DOE OSTI2017

Audience Based View of Publication Impact

With increasing pressure to demonstrate a return on investment, scienti c user facilities and government funded research projects must strive to demonstrate positive impact of their research on oth- ers. Historically, citation counts and journal impact factor have been widely used as a single quantitative measure of impact. However, with the expansion of various modes of communication, citation counts no longer hold as much merit as a single measure of impact. This work seeks to expand on citation counts by considering the audience to which a publication draws attention. Based on commu- nication mode, there are various audiences that may be "impacted" but those audiences are not fully captured by citation count. Conse- quently, we propose that impact measures for publications should be oriented around the audience with quanti able measures based on the various communication modes.

Patton, Robert↗

DOE OSTI2016

Neuromorphic Computing, Architectures, Models, and Applications. A Beyond-CMOS Approach to Future Computing, June 29-July 1, 2016, Oak Ridge, TN

The White House and Department of Energy have been instrumental in driving the development of a neuromorphic computing program to help the United States continue its lead in basic research into (1) Beyond Exascale—high performance computing beyond Moore’s Law and von Neumann architectures, (2) Scientific Discovery—new paradigms for understanding increasingly large and complex scientific data, and (3) Emerging Architectures—assessing the potential of neuromorphic and quantum architectures. Neuromorphic computing spans a broad range of scientific disciplines from materials science to devices, to computer science, to neuroscience, all of which are required to solve the neuromorphic computing grand challenge. In our workshop we focus on the computer science aspects, specifically from a neuromorphic device through an application. Neuromorphic devices present a very different paradigm to the computer science community from traditional von Neumann architectures, which raises six major questions about building a neuromorphic application from the device level. We used these fundamental questions to organize the workshop program and to direct the workshop panels and discussions. From the white papers, presentations, panels, and discussions, there emerged several recommendations on how to proceed.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗