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Myers, M. K.

Publications and source records attributed to Myers, M. K..

At least 37 records · Page 2
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1986

Aerodynamics via acoustics - Application of acoustic formulas for aerodynamic calculations

Prediction of aerodynamic loads on bodies in arbitrary motion is considered from an acoustic point of view, i.e., in a frame of reference fixed in the undisturbed medium. An inhomogeneous wave equation which governs the disturbance pressure is constructed and solved formally using generalized function theory. When the observer is located on the moving body surface there results a singular linear integral equation for surface pressure. Two different methods for obtaining such equations are discussed. Both steady and unsteady aerodynamic calculations are considered. Two examples are presented, the more important being an application to propeller aerodynamics. Of particular interest for numerical applications is the analytical behavior of the kernel functions in the various integral equations.

Farassat, F.↗
NASA NTRS1986

Generalization and extension of the law of acoustic energy conservation in a nonuniform flow

An exact conservation equation is derived which generalizes the familiar acoustic energy equations. The new relation is valid for arbitrary disturbances to a viscous, compressible flow. It is suggested by a development of the acoustic energy equation by means of a regular perturbation expansion of the general energy equation of fluid mechanics. A perturbation energy density and flux are defined and identified as the exact physical quantities whose leading order perturbation representations are the usual acoustic energy density and flux. The conservation equation governing the perturbation energy quantities is shown to yield previously known results for several special cases.

Myers, M. K.↗
NASA NTRS1986

Aerodynamics Via Acoustics: Application of Acoustic Formulas for Aerodynamic Calculations

Prediction of aerodynamic loads on bodies in arbitrary motion is considered from an acoustic point of view, i.e., in a frame of reference fixed in the undisturbed medium. An inhomogeneous wave equation which governs the disturbance pressure is constructed and solved formally using generalized function theory. When the observer is located on the moving body surface there results a singular linear integral equation for surface pressure. Two different methods for obtaining such equations are discussed. Both steady and unsteady aerodynamic calculations are considered. Two examples are presented, the more important being an application to propeller aerodynamics. Of particular interest for numerical applications is the analytical behavior of the kernel functions in the various integral equations.

Farassat, F.↗
NASA NTRS1984

Two dimensional nonlinear analysis of sound transmission through a near-sonic throat flow

A two-dimensional nonlinear theory of sound transmission through a nonuniform duct carrying a near-sonic throat flow is described. The mean flow in the duct is treated according to a generalized quasi-one dimensional model, and the analysis of the unsteady perturbations is carried out using the Method of Matched Asymptotic Expansions. The linearized acoustic field in the subsonic regions of the duct is approximated by a Wave Envelope model which is matched asymptotically with a nonlinear inner solution valid in the near-sonic throat region. Numerical results are presented to illustrate the predictions of the theory. It is found that, in general, shock waves develop in the acoustic field during transmission through the near-sonic flow. Unlike previous one-dimensional theories, the current study shows that dispersion can play a major role in the propagation process.

Myers, M. K.↗
NASA NTRS1983

Uniform asymptotic approximations for duct eigenfunctions in a thin boundary layer flow

Analytical approximations for the acoustic modes in a duct carrying a uniform core flow with a thin shear layer at the walls are developed using the Method of Matched Asymptotic Expansions. Both two-dimensional and cylindrical duct propagation are considered. Numerical results for eigenvalues calculated using the theory are presented for the two dimensional problem and compared with results from earlier analyses. It is found that the new approximations yield a significant increase in accuracy.

Myers, M. K.↗
NASA NTRS1983

An analysis of the two-dimensional acoustic field in a nonuniform duct carrying compressible flow

An analytical/numerical linear acoustic solution in a nonuniform two-dimensional duct carrying a compressible mean flow is developed. A quasi-one dimensional mean flow model is employed together with a consistent expression for the cross-flow velocity. The acoustic solution is obtained using the Wave Envelope Method. Numerical results are compared with those of an existing Wave Envelope solution which includes a more general mean flow model. In addition, the singular behavior of the solutions derived in the current work for nearly sonic flow conditions is examined explicitly.

Uenishi, K.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Nonlinear theory of shocked sound propagation in a nearly choked duct flow

The development of shocks in the sound field propagating through a nearly choked duct flow is analyzed by extending a quasi-one dimensional theory. The theory is applied to the case in which sound is introduced into the flow by an acoustic source located in the vicinity of a near-sonic throat. Analytical solutions for the field are obtained which illustrate the essential features of the nonlinear interaction between sound and flow. Numerical results are presented covering ranges of variation of source strength, throat Mach number, and frequency. It is found that the development of shocks leads to appreciable attenuation of acoustic power transmitted upstream through the near-sonic flow. It is possible, for example, that the power loss in the fundamental harmonic can be as much as 90% of that introduced at the source.

Myers, M. K.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Shock development in sound transmitted through a nearly choked flow

A nonlinear quasi-one dimensional theory of sound transmitted through a converging-diverging duct section is extended to the case where the acoustical source is located well downstream of the throat, at a point where the flow Mach number is low. The development and subsequent effects of shocks in the acoustic quantities are of primary consideration. The analysis uses a method of matched asymptotic expansions, yielding a set of inner equations of motion and shock conditions valid in the near-sonic throat region. The analysis leads to a generalization of the 'equal area' relation of weak shock theory. The manner in which nonlinear effects increase with source strength, frequency, and throat Mach number is illustrated by the numerical results and corresponding graphs. The shock waves are shown to cause significant dissipation in acoustic power.

Myers, M. K.↗
NASA NTRS1980

On the acoustic boundary condition in the presence of flow

The boundary condition on the acoustic perturbation velocity at an impermeable surface in a flow is considered for the cases in which the surface generates a sound field by vibration or is acoustically deformed by an incident sound field. It is shown that in general the condition is not equivalent to the requirement of continuity of acoustic particle displacement in the direction normal to the unperturbed surface.

Myers, M. K.↗
NASA NTRS1980

Plane waves at or near grazing incidence in the parabolic approximation

The parabolic approximation for the acoustic equations of motion is applied to the study of the sound field generated by a plane wave at or near grazing incidence to a finite impedance boundary. It is shown how this approximation accounts for effects neglected in the usual plane wave reflection analysis which, at grazing incidence, erroneously predicts complete cancellation of the incident field by the reflected field. Examples are presented which illustrate that the solution obtained by the parabolic approximation contains several of the physical phenomena known to occur in wave propagation near an absorbing boundary.

Mcaninch, G. L.↗
NASA NTRS1980

Acoustic shocks in nearly choked duct flows

The development of shocks in the sound field propagating through a nearly choked duct flow is discussed using extensions of the quasi-one-dimensional nonlinear theory previously developed by the authors. A model problem, which can be solved analytically, is studied in some detail in order to illustrate the essential features of the nonlinear behavior of a shocked sound field propagating upstream from a near-sonic throat. The effect of the shocks on the acoustic energy transmitted out of the throat is considered. Numerical results are presented covering ranges of variation of several relevant parameters.

Myers, M. K.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Sound transmission in ducts containing nearly choked flows

The nonlinear theory previously developed by the authors (1977, 1978) is used to obtain numerical results for sound transmission through a nearly choked throat in a variable-area duct. Parametric studies are performed for different source locations, strengths and frequencies. It is shown that the nonlinear interactions in the throat region generate superharmonics of the fundamental (source) frequency throughout the duct. The amplitudes of these superharmonics increase as the source parameters (frequency and strength) are increased toward values leading to acoustic shocks. For a downstream source, superharmonics carry about 20% of the total acoustic power as shocking conditions are approached. For the source strength levels and frequencies considered, streaming effects are negligible.

Callegari, A. J.↗
NASA NTRS1978

Transmission of sound through high subsonic flows in non-uniform ducts

The transmission of sound through a near-sonic throat in a variable area duct is studied using the method of matched asymptotic expansions applied to a quasi-one-dimensional model. Nonlinear interactions between the mean flow and the acoustic perturbation in the throat region are shown to cause significant effects on the sound field upstream and downstream of the throat. Numerical results are presented for several special applications of the general nonlinear theory.

Myers, M. K.↗
NASA NTRS1978

Noise transmission through plates into an enclosure

An analytical model is presented to predict noise transmission through elastic plates into a hard-walled rectangular cavity at low frequencies, that is, frequencies up through the first few plate and cavity natural frequencies. One or several nonoverlapping and independently vibrating panels are considered. The effects on noise transmission of different external-pressure excitations, plate boundary conditions, fluid parameters, structural parameters, and geometrical parameters were investigated.

Mcdonald, W. B.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Nonlinear effects on sound in nearly sonic duct flows

A nonlinear theory for sound propagation in nearly sonic flows in variable area ducts is outlined. The theory is based on a quasi-one-dimensional model and the use of matched asymptotic expansions. The problem of an acoustic source located in the throat region of a duct with a converging section is treated. It is shown that the near-sonic region has a marked nonlinear effect on sound propagation in the duct.

Callegari, A. J.↗
NASA NTRS1977

The parabolic approximation for sound propagation in a stratified moving medium

Propagation of sound in a stratified moving medium is discussed through an extension of the parabolic approximation to the acoustic equations of motion for short wavelengths. The parabolic approximation is related to the theory of geometric acoustics, and it is shown that it yields an improvement in accuracy over geometric theory. Also, the approximation corrects cumulative failures of geometric theory which occur when sound propagates many wavelengths from its source. The theory is illustrated by application to simple examples of quasi-plane wave propagation.

Myers, M. K.↗