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Marvin, J. G.

Publications and source records attributed to Marvin, J. G..

At least 19 records

Turbulence compressibility corrections

The basic objective of this research was to identify, develop and recommend turbulence models which could be incorporated into CFD codes used in the design of the National AeroSpace Plane vehicles. To accomplish this goal, a combined effort consisting of experimental and theoretical phases was undertaken. The experimental phase consisted of a literature survey to collect and assess a database of well documented experimental flows, with emphasis on high speed or hypersonic flows, which could be used to validate turbulence models. Since it was anticipated that this database would be incomplete and would need supplementing, additional experiments in the NASA Ames 3.5-Foot Hypersonic Wind Tunnel (HWT) were also undertaken. The theoretical phase consisted of identifying promising turbulence models through applications to simple flows, and then investigating more promising models in applications to complex flows. The complex flows were selected from the database developed in the first phase of the study. For these flows it was anticipated that model performance would not be entirely satisfactory, so that model improvements or corrections would be required. The primary goals of the investigation were essentially achieved. A large database of flows was collected and assessed, a number of additional hypersonic experiments were conducted in the Ames HWT, and two turbulence models (kappa-epsilon and kappa-omega models with corrections) were determined which gave superior performance for most of the flows studied and are now recommended for NASP applications.

Coakley, T. J.

Two-equation turbulence modeling for 3-D hypersonic flows

An investigation to verify, incorporate and develop two-equation turbulence models for three-dimensional high speed flows is presented. The current design effort of hypersonic vehicles has led to an intensive study of turbulence models for compressible hypersonic flows. This research complements an extensive review of experimental data and the current development of 2D turbulence models. The review of experimental data on 2D and 3D flows includes complex hypersonic flows with pressure profiles, skin friction, wall heat transfer, and turbulence statistics data. In a parallel effort, turbulence models for high speed flows have been tested against flat plate boundary layers, and are being tested against the 2D database. In the present paper, we present the results of 3D Navier-Stokes numerical simulations with an improved k-omega two-equation turbulence model against experimental data and empirical correlations of an adiabatic flat plate boundary layer, a cold wall flat plate boundary layer, and a 3D database flow, the interaction of an oblique shock wave and a thick turbulent boundary layer with a free stream Mach number = 8.18 and Reynolds number = 5 x 10 to the 6th.

Bardina, J. E.

Turbulence modeling for hypersonic flows

Turbulence modeling for high-speed compressible flows is described and discussed. Starting with the compressible Navier-Stokes equations, methods of statistical averaging are described by means of which the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations are developed. Unknown averages in these equations are approximated using various closure concepts. Zero-, one-, and two-equation eddy viscosity models, algebraic stress models, and Reynolds stress transport models are discussed. Computations of supersonic and hypersonic flows obtained using several of the models are discussed and compared with experimental results. Specific examples include attached boundary-layer flows, shock-wave boundary-layer interactions, and compressible shear layers. From these examples, conclusions regarding the status of modeling and recommendations for future studies are discussed.

Marvin, J. G.

Mathematical Models Of Turbulence In Hypersonic Flow

Report discusses mathematical models of turbulence used in numerical simulations of complicated viscous, hypersonic flows. Includes survey of essential features of models and their statuses in applications.

Marvin, J. G.

CFD validation for forebody inlet interactions

Topics covered include the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) task force philosophy, a road map for CFD code validation, computer code validation requirements for forebodies and inlets, the criteria for choosing recommended experiments, an all-body hypersonic experiment, and centerline heat transfer. Information is given in viewgraph form.

Marvin, J. G.

Turbulence modeling for hypersonic flows

Turbulence modeling for high speed compressible flows is described and discussed. Starting with the compressible Navier-Stokes equations, methods of statistical averaging are described by means of which the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations are developed. Unknown averages in these equations are approximated using various closure concepts. Zero-, one-, and two-equation eddy viscosity models, algebraic stress models and Reynolds stress transport models are discussed. Computations of supersonic and hypersonic flows obtained using several of the models are discussed and compared with experimental results. Specific examples include attached boundary layer flows, shock wave boundary layer interactions and compressible shear layers. From these examples, conclusions regarding the status of modeling and recommendations for future studies are discussed.

Marvin, J. G.

Turbulence modeling for hypersonic flows

Turbulence modeling for high speed compressible flows is described and discussed. Starting with the compressible Navier-Stokes equations, methods of statistical averaging are described by means of which the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations are developed. Unknown averages in these equations are approximated using various closure concepts. Zero-, one-, and two-equation eddy viscosity models, algebraic stress models and Reynolds stress transport models are discussed. Computations of supersonic and hypersonic flows obtained using several of the models are discussed and compared with experimental results. Specific examples include attached boundary layer flows, shock wave boundary layer interactions and compressible shear layers. From these examples, conclusions regarding the status of modeling and recommendations for future studies are discussed.

Marvin, J. G.

A new PNS code for three-dimensional chemically reacting flows

A new parabolized Navier-Stokes (PNS) code has been developed to compute the hypersonic, viscous, chemically reacting flow fields around three-dimensional bodies. The flow medium is assumed to be a multicomponent mixture of thermally perfect but calorically imperfect gases. The new PNS code solves the gasdynamic and species conservation equations in a coupled manner using a noniterative, implicit, approximately-factored, finite-difference algorithm. The space-marching method is made well-posed by special treatment of the streamwise pressure gradient term. The code has been used to compute hypersonic laminar flow of chemically reacting air over cones at angles of attack. The results of the computations are compared with the results of reacting boundary-layer computations and show excellent agreement.

Prabhu, D. K.

A new PNS code for chemical nonequilibrium flows

A new parabolized Navier-Stokes (PNS) code has been developed to compute the hypersonic laminar flow of a multicomponent, chemically reacting mixture of thermally perfect gases over two-dimensional and axisymmetric bodies. The new PNS code solves the gas dynamic and species conservation equations in a coupled manner using a noniterative, implicit, space-marching finite-difference method. The conditions for well-posedness of the space-marching method have been derived from an eigenvalue analysis of the governing equations. The code has been used to compute hypersonic laminar flow of chemically reacting air over wedges and cones. The results of these computations are in good agreement with the results of reacting boundary-layer calculations.

Prabhu, D. K.

Shock-wave boundary layer interactions

Presented is a comprehensive, up-to-date review of the shock-wave boundary-layer interaction problem. A detailed physical description of the phenomena for transonic and supersonic speed regimes is given based on experimental observations, correlations, and theoretical concepts. Approaches for solving the problem are then reviewed in depth. Specifically, these include: global methods developed to predict sudden changes in boundary-layer properties; integral or finite-difference methods developed to predict the continuous evolution of a boundary-layer encountering a pressure field induced by a shock wave; coupling methods to predict entire flow fields; analytical methods such as multi-deck techniques; and finite-difference methods for solving the time-dependent Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations used to predict the development of entire flow fields. Examples are presented to illustrate the status of the various methods and some discussion is devoted to delineating their advantages and shortcomings. Reference citations for the wide variety of subject material are provided for readers interested in further study.

Delery, J.

Future requirements of wind tunnels for Computational Fluid Dynamics code verification

The role of experiment in the development of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) for external aerodynamic flow-field prediction is discussed. Requirements for code verification from two sources pacing the development of CFD are described: (1) the need for developing adequate flow modeling, and (2) the need for establishing confidence in the use of CFD for predicting complex flows. The type of data needed to meet these needs differs in detail and scope and leads to definite wind tunnel requirements. Recent examples of testing to assess and develop turbulence models, and to verify code development are used to establish future requirements of wind tunnel testing for CFD verification.

Marvin, J. G.

Modeling of turbulent separated flows for aerodynamic applications

Steady, high speed, compressible separated flows modeled through numerical simulations resulting from solutions of the mass-averaged Navier-Stokes equations are reviewed. Emphasis is placed on benchmark flows that represent simplified (but realistic) aerodynamic phenomena. These include impinging shock waves, compression corners, glancing shock waves, trailing edge regions, and supersonic high angle of attack flows. A critical assessment of modeling capabilities is provided by comparing the numerical simulations with experiment. The importance of combining experiment, numerical algorithm, grid, and turbulence model to effectively develop this potentially powerful simulation technique is stressed.

Marvin, J. G.

Experiments suitable for wind tunnel wall interference assessment/correction

Three experiments suitable for wall interference assessment and evaluation of proposed correction methods are presented. The experiments are: (1) a series of airfoil tests using a newly designed transonic flow facility that employs side-wall boundary layer suction and upper- and lower-wall shaping; (2) tests on a swept airfoil section spanning a solid-wall wind tunnel with fixed contouring on all four walls; and (3) tests on a swept wing of aspect ratio 3 mounted in a solid-wall wind tunnel with fixed flat walls. Each of the experiments provides data on the airfoil sections as well as on the wind tunnel walls. All the experiments were performed in solid wall wind tunnels corrected for boundary layer displacement effects. Although the experiments were performed primarily to evaluate computer code performance, it is believed that they also provide information that can be used to evaluate methods for assessing and correcting wall interference effects.

Marvin, J. G.

Modeling of turbulent separated flows for aerodynamic applications

Steady, high speed, compressible separated flows modeled through numerical simulations resulting from solutions of the mass-averaged Navier-Stokes equations are reviewed. Emphasis is placed on benchmark flows that represent simplified (but realistic) aerodynamic phenomena. These include impinging shock waves, compression corners, glancing shock waves, trailing edge regions, and supersonic high angle of attack flows. A critical assessment of modeling capabilities is provided by comparing the numerical simulations with experiment. The importance of combining experiment, numerical algorithm, grid, and turbulence model to effectively develop this potentially powerful simulation technique is stressed.

Marvin, J. G.

Turbulence modeling for computational aerodynamics

The status of turbulence modeling for external aerodynamic flows is reviewed, and closure concepts for the compressible form of the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations are briefly outlined to establish a framework for comparison. The importance of experimental requirements for developing and verifying turbulence models is emphasized. Attention is then given to three important flow categories: attached flows, separating and reattaching flows, and trailing-edge flows. Examples of comparisons between experiments and computations for twoand three-dimensional flows are presented to illustrate the status of modeling. It is shown that, for most two-dimensional attached flows, eddy viscosity concepts will probably be adequate. For attached three-dimensional flows, however, eddy-viscosity and Reynolds-stress models are both deficient, failing to predict the proper surface shear-stress in rapidly skewing boundary layers, regardless of whether they are pressure driven or strain driven.

Marvin, J. G.

Turbulence Modeling for Unsteady Transonic Flows

Conditionally sampled, ensemble-averaged velocity measurements, made with a laser velocimeter, were taken in the flowfield over the rear half of an 18% thick circular arc airfoil at zero incidence tested at M = 0.76 and at a Reynolds number based on chord of 11 x 10(exp 6). Data for one cycle of periodic unsteady flow having a reduced frequency f of 0.49 are analyzed. A series of compression waves, which develop in the early stages of the cycle, strengthen and coalesce into a strong shock wave that moves toward the airfoil leading edge. A thick shear layer forms downstream of the shock wave. The kinetic energy and shear stresses increase dramatically, reach a maximum when dissipation and diffusion of the turbulence exceed production, and then decrease substantially. The response lime of the turbulence to the changes brought about by the shock-wave passage upstream depends on the shock-wave strength and position in the boundary layer. The cycle completes itself when the shock wave passes the midchord, weakens, and the shear layer collapses. Remarkably good comparisons are found with computations that employ the time-dependent Reynolds averaged form of the Navier-Stokes equations using an algebraic eddy viscosity model, developed for steady flows.

Marvin, J. G.