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Ma, Y.

Publications and source records attributed to Ma, Y..

At least 73 records · Page 4
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2014

Simultaneous generation of quasi-monoenergetic electron and betatron X-rays from nitrogen gas via ionization injection

Upon the interaction of 60 TW Ti: sapphire laser pulses with 4 mm long supersonic nitrogen gas jet, a directional x-ray emission was generated along with the generation of stable quasi-monoenergetic electron beams having a peak energy of 130 MeV and a relative energy spread of ∼ 20%. The betatron x-ray emission had a small divergence of 7.5 mrad and a critical energy of 4 keV. The laser wakefield acceleration process was stimulated in a background plasma density of merely 5.4 × 10{sup 17 }cm{sup −3} utilizing ionization injection. The non-self-focusing and stable propagation of the laser pulse in the pure nitrogen gaseous plasma should be responsible for the simultaneous generation of the high-quality X-ray and electron beams. Those ultra-short and naturally-synchronized beams could be applicable to ultrafast pump-probe experiments.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2014

Intense high repetition rate Mo Kα x-ray source generated from laser solid interaction for imaging application

We report an efficient Mo Kα x-ray source produced by interaction of femtosecond Ti: sapphire laser pulses with a solid Molybdenum target working at 1 kHz repetition rate. The generated Mo Kα x-ray intensity reaches to 4.7 × 10{sup 10} photons sr{sup −1} s{sup −1}, corresponding to an average power of 0.8 mW into 2π solid angle. The spatial resolution of this x-ray source is measured to be 26 lp/mm. With the high flux and high spatial resolution characteristics, high resolving in-line x-ray radiography was realized on test objects and large size biological samples within merely half a minute. This experiment shows the possibility of laser plasma hard x-ray source as a new low cost and high resolution system for radiography and its ability of ultrafast x-ray pump-probe study of matter.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2014

Diagnosis of bubble evolution in laser-wakefield acceleration via angular distributions of betatron x-rays

We present an indirect method to diagnose the electron beam behaviors and bubble dynamic evolution in a laser-wakefield accelerator. Four kinds of typical bubble dynamic evolution and, hence, electron beam behaviors observed in Particle-In-Cell simulations are identified correspondingly by simultaneous measurement of distinct angular distributions of the betatron radiation and electron beam energy spectra in experiment. The reconstruction of the bubble evolution may shed light on finding an effective way to better generate high-quality electron beams and enhanced betatron X-rays.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
NASA NTRS2014

Science Enhancements by the MAVEN Participating Scientists

NASA implemented a Participating Scientist Program and released a solicitation for the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN mission (MAVEN) proposals on February 14, 2013. After a NASA peer review panel evaluated the proposals, NASA Headquarters selected nine on June 12, 2013. The program's intent is to enhance the science return from the mission by including new investigations that broaden and/or complement the baseline investigations, while still addressing key science goals. The selections cover a broad range of science investigations. Included are: a patching of a 3D exosphere model to an improved global ionosphere-thermosphere model to study the generation of the exosphere and calculate the escape rates; the addition of a focused study of upper atmosphere variability and waves; improvement of a multi-fluid magnetohydrodynamic model that will be adjusted according to MAVEN observations to enhance the understanding of the solar-wind plasma interaction; a global study of the state of the ionosphere; folding MAVEN measurements into the Mars International Reference Ionosphere under development; quantification of atmospheric loss by pick-up using ion cyclotron wave observations; the reconciliation of remote and in situ observations of the upper atmosphere; the application of precise orbit determination of the spacecraft to measure upper atmospheric density and in conjunction with other Mars missions improve the static gravity field model of Mars; and an integrated ion/neutral study of ionospheric flows and resultant heavy ion escape. Descriptions of each of these investigations are given showing how each adds to and fits seamlessly into MAVEN mission science design.

Thermosphere↗
DOE OSTI2014

Polarizations of X c1 and X c2 in Prompt Production at the LHC

Prompt χ c production at hadron colliders may provide a unique test for the color-octet mechanism in nonrelativistic QCD. We present an analysis for the polarization observables of χ c1 and χ c2 at next-to-leading order in αS and propose to measure them at the LHC, which is expected to be important for testing the validity of nonrelativistic QCD.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2014

An ion source module for the Beijing Radioactive Ion-beam Facility

An ion source module is developed for Beijing Radioactive Ion-beam Facility. The ion source module is designed to meet the requirements of remote handling. The connection and disconnection of the electricity, cooling and vacuum between the module and peripheral units can be executed without on-site manual work. The primary test of the target ion source has been carried out and a Li{sup +} beam has been extracted. Details of the ion source module and its primary test results are described.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2014

Cryogenic test of the 4 K / 2 K insert for the ARIEL e-Linac cryomodule

The ARIEL project at TRIUMF requires a 50 MeV superconducting electron linac consisting of five nine cell 1.3 GHz cavities divided into three cryomodules with one, two and two cavities in each module respectively. LHe is distributed in parallel to each module at 4 K and at ∼1.2 bar. Each module has a cryogenic insert on board that receives the 4 K liquid and produces 2 K into a cavity phase separator. The module combines a 4 K phase separator, a plate and fin heat exchanger from DATE and a J-T valve expanding into the 2 K phase separator. The unit also supplies 4 K liquid to thermal intercepts in the module in siphon loops that return the vaporized liquid to the 4 K reservoir. For testing purposes the unit is outfitted with a dummy 2 K phase separator and thermal intercepts with variable heaters that mimic the final heat loads in order to test the cryogenic performance. The design of the 4 K / 2 K insert, the results of the cold tests and a summary of the test infrastructure including cryogenics services will be presented.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2014

Photoluminescence studies of Y{sub 2}O{sub 3}:Eu{sup 3+} under high pressure

The Eu-doped yttria (Y{sub 2}O{sub 3}:Eu{sup 3+}) has been investigated by the in situ high-pressure angle dispersive synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The red shift and intensity ratio variation of emissions with increasing pressure were observed and elucidated. It was found that the red shift of emissions is related to the expansion of the f orbit of the Eu{sup 3+} and the intensity ratio variation of emissions is ascribed to the change of the crystal field under high pressure. The pressure-induced changes in spectrum are related to the phase transition, which was confirmed by XRD pattern. The two high pressure phases were identified as the monoclinic (C2/m) phase and hexagonal (P-3m1) phase by the Rietveld refinement.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2013

DarkSide search for dark matter

The DarkSide staged program utilizes a two-phase time projection chamber (TPC) with liquid argon as the target material for the scattering of dark matter particles. Efficient background reduction is achieved using low radioactivity underground argon as well as several experimental handles such as pulse shape, ratio of ionization over scintillation signal, 3D event reconstruction, and active neutron and muon vetos. The DarkSide-10 prototype detector has proven high scintillation light yield, which is a particularly important parameter as it sets the energy threshold for the pulse shape discrimination technique. The DarkSide-50 detector system, currently in commissioning phase at the Gran Sasso Underground Laboratory, will reach a sensitivity to dark matter spin-independent scattering cross section of 10 -45 cm 2 within 3 years of operation.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2013

Light yield in DarkSide-10: A prototype two-phase argon TPC for dark matter searches

As part of the DarkSide program of direct dark matter searches using liquid argon TPCs, a prototype detector with an active volume containing 10 kg of liquid argon, DarkSide-10, was built and operated underground in the Gran Sasso National Laboratory in Italy. A critically important parameter for such devices is the scintillation light yield, as photon statistics limits the rejection of electron-recoil backgrounds by pulse shape discrimination. We have measured the light yield of DarkSide-10 using the readily-identifiable full-absorption peaks from gamma ray sources combined with single-photoelectron calibrations using low-occupancy laser pulses. For gamma lines of energies in the range 122-1275 keV, we get consistent light yields averaging 8.887+-0.003(stat)+-0.444(sys) p.e./keVee. With additional purification, the light yield measured at 511 keV increased to 9.142+-0.006(stat) p.e./keVee.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2013

Simulation of the full-core pin-model by JMCT Monte Carlo neutron-photon transport code

Since the large numbers of cells over a million, the tallies over a hundred million and the particle histories over ten billion, the simulation of the full-core pin-by-pin model has become a real challenge for the computers and the computational methods. On the other hand, the basic memory of the model has exceeded the limit of a single CPU, so the spatial domain and data decomposition must be considered. JMCT (J Monte Carlo Transport code) has successful fulfilled the simulation of the full-core pin-by-pin model by the domain decomposition and the nested parallel computation. The k{sub eff} and flux of each cell are obtained. (authors)

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2013

Combinatorial geometry domain decomposition strategies for Monte Carlo simulations

Analysis and modeling of nuclear reactors can lead to memory overload for a single core processor when it comes to refined modeling. A method to solve this problem is called 'domain decomposition'. In the current work, domain decomposition algorithms for a combinatorial geometry Monte Carlo transport code are developed on the JCOGIN (J Combinatorial Geometry Monte Carlo transport INfrastructure). Tree-based decomposition and asynchronous communication of particle information between domains are described in the paper. Combination of domain decomposition and domain replication (particle parallelism) is demonstrated and compared with that of MERCURY code. A full-core reactor model is simulated to verify the domain decomposition algorithms using the Monte Carlo particle transport code JMCT (J Monte Carlo Transport Code), which has being developed on the JCOGIN infrastructure. Besides, influences of the domain decomposition algorithms to tally variances are discussed. (authors)

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2013

Alcator C-Mod Experiments in Support of the ITER Baseline 15 MA Scenario

Experiments on Alcator C-Mod have addressed several issues for the ITER 15 MA baseline scenario from 2009-2012. Rampup studies show ICRF can save significant V-s, and that an H-mode in the ramp can be utilized to save 50% more. ICRF modifications to li(1) are minimal, although the Te profile is peaked relative to ohmic in the plasma center, and alter sawtooth onset times. Rampdown studies show H-modes can be routinely sustained, avoiding an OH coil over-current associated with the H-L transition, that fast rampdowns are preferred, the density drops with Ip, and that the H-L transition occurs at P loss /P thr,LH ~ 1.0-1.3 at n/n Gr ~ 0.85. Flattop plasmas targeting ITER baseline parameters have been sustained for 20 τ E or 8-13 τ CR , but only reach H 98 ~ 0.6 at n/n Gr = 0.85, rising to 0.9 at n/n Gr = 0.65.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2013

Growth and conduction mechanism of As-doped p-type ZnO thin films deposited by MOCVD

Highlight: ► P-type As-doped ZnO thin films was fabricated by MOCVD after post-growth annealing. ► The formation mechanism of p-ZnO with high hole concentration above 10{sup 19} cm{sup −3} was elucidated. ► Besides As{sub Zn}–2V{sub Zn} complex, C impurities also played an important role in realizing p-ZnO. ► The formations of As{sub O} and O-C-O complex were partially contributed to the p-type ZnO: As films. - Abstract: As-doped p-type ZnO thin films were fabricated by metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) after in situ annealing in a vacuum. The p-type conduction mechanism was suggested by the analysis of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy. It was found that most of the As dopants in p-ZnO thin films formed As{sub Zn}–2V{sub Zn} shallow acceptor complex, simultaneously, carbon impurities also played an important role in realizing p-type conductivity in ZnO. Substitutional carbon on oxygen site created passivated defect bands by combining with Ga atoms due to the donor-acceptor pair Coulomb binding, which shifted the valence-band maximum upwards for ZnO and thus increased the hole concentration.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗