Engineering topics
Publications and source records attributed to Lipskiy, Y. N..
The areas of the maria were determined using a photomap of the visible hemisphere at a scale of 1:5 million and segments of a lunar globe. The results of the measurements of areas of the maria are presented, together with the data of Westfall and Shoemaker and Hackmann. The areas of circular maria, measured from the peaks of the surrounding ridges, and their mean diameters calculated from the area are also presented.
Photometric measurements were carried out directly on the lunar surface with the aid of a calibration device, a plate with fields of different brightness, placed in the field of view of the panoramic telephotometers. The brightness of the fields of the calibration plate were measured in preliminary studies, relative to the brightness of a magnesia screen. This permitted determination of the reflectance features of the surficial lunar material relative to the standard most widely used in brightness studies of natural substances. The total brightness of sections a few centimeters across was recorded in direct proximity to the apparatus. The total area investigated in one panorama was about one square meter. Several areas in the mare and highland regions were studied. The albedos of various surface objects were obtained. A comparison of the brightness measurements with data from the RIFMA-M instrument discloses a correlation of the albedo change with change in chemical composition of the surface rock. Direct photometric studies of the lunar surface in the "mare-highland" transition zone assist in tracing the transition from one type of rock to another, and in obtaining information on the processes of material exchange between these two types of lunar landscape.
The primary sources information for compiling this map were the photographs of the visible hemisphere obtained by earth-based observatories, the Luna 3 and Zond 3 pictures, and a small number of Lunar Orbiter pictures. The primary content of the complete lunar map is the surface relief and its tonal characteristics. In preparing the map, particular attention was devoted to the variety of lunar relief forms. The color spectrum of the map was selected not only for the natural coloring of the lunar surface, but also with the objective of achieving maximum expressiveness. A lunar globe to scale 1:10 million was prepared along with the preparation of the map. The scale of the globe, half that of the map, led to some selection and generalization of the relief forms. The globe permits maintaining simultaneously geometric similarity of contours, exact proportions of areas, and identical scales in all directions. The globe was prepared in both the Latin and Russian languages.