Engineering topics
Publications and source records attributed to Leu, M-T..
Using a fast-flow reactor coupled to a quadrupole mass spectrometer, the heterogeneous reactions of C1ONO2 + HCl and HOCl + HCl as well as hydrolysis of N2O5 and C1ONO2 were investigated on liquid sulfuric acid, with particular emphasis on the effect of incorporation of HNO3 on the reaction probabilities.
We have investigated some thermodynamic properties (i.e. freezing/melting points)and heterogeneous chemistry of sulfuric acid monohydrate, using a fast flow-reactor coupled to a quadrupole mass spectrometer.
The heterogeneous reactions on liquid sulfuric acid surfaces have been studied using a fast flow-reactor coupled to a quadrupole mass spectrometer.
In this talk I will present several experimental techniques currently used to investigate gas-surface interaction related to acid rain, photochemical smog, and polar ozone depletion.
Aircraft emissions have been thought to enhance the formation of polar stratospheric clouds in the Arctic winter, and therefore heterogeneous reactions on the surfaces of these clouds may accelerate the polar ozone depletion.
In the laboratory, ice films formed by freezing from the liquid or more frequently by deposition from the vapor phase have been used to simulate stratospheric cloud surfaces for measurements of reaction and uptake rates. To obtain intrinsic surface reaction probabilities that can be used in atmospheric models, the area of the film surface that actually takes part in the reaction must be known. It is important to know not only the total surface area but also the film morphology in order to determine where and how the surface is situated and, thus, what fraction of it is available for reaction. Information on the structure of these ice films has been obtained by using several experimental methods. In the sections that follow, these methods will be discussed, then the results will be used to construct a working model of the ice films, and finally the model will be applied to an experimental study of HC1 uptake by H_2O ice.
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Carbon dioxide comprises over 95 percent of the Mars atmosphere, despite continuous photolysis of CO2 by solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Since the direct recombination of CO and O is spinforbidden, the chemical stability of CO2 in the Martian atmosphere is thought to be the result of a HO(x)-catalyzed recombination scheme. Thus the rate of CO oxidation is sensitive to the abundance and altitude distribution of OH, H, and HO2. Most Martian atmospheric models assume that HO(x) abundances are governed purely by gas phase chemistry. However, it is well established that reactive HO(x) radical are adsorbed by a wide variety of surfaces. The authors have combined laboratory studies of H, OH, and HO2 adsorption on inorganic surfaces, observational data of aerosol distributions, and an updated photochemical model to demonstrate that adsorption on either dust or ice aerosols is capable of reducing HO(x) abundances significantly, thereby retarding the rate of CO oxidation.