Engineering topics
Publications and source records attributed to Jukes, T. H..
Analysis of the interaction between mRNA codons and tRNA anticodons suggests a model for the evolution of the genetic code. Modification of the nucleic acid following the anticodon is at present essential in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes to ensure fidelity of translation of codons starting with A, and the amino acids which could be coded for before the evolution of the modifying enzymes can be deduced.
A stochastic model is applied to the divergence of the horse-pig lineage from a common ansestor in terms of the alpha and beta chains of hemoglobin and fibrinopeptides. The results are compared with those based on the minimum mutation distance model of Fitch (1972). Buckwheat and cauliflower cytochrome c sequences are analyzed to demonstrate their ambiguities. A comparative analysis of evolutionary rates for various proteins of horses and pigs shows that errors of considerable magnitude are introduced by Glx and Asx ambiguities into evolutionary conclusions drawn from sequences of incompletely analyzed proteins.
By using various methods for comparing polypeptide sequences we find that the evolutionary divergence of rattlesnake cytochrome c from cytochromes c of species in other classes has been more rapid than that of cytochrome c of another reptile, the snapping turtle. This suggests that the evolutionary rate of change of cytochromes c is species-dependent as well as time-dependent.
Some polypeptide sequences that have been published in the 1972 scientific literature are listed. Only selected sequences are included. The compilation has two objectives. Current information between periods when more comprehensive compilations are published is to be assembled and the use of data that do not include arrangements of unsequenced peptides for 'maximum homology' is to be encouraged.
Deleterious mutations and neutral substitutions, discussing molecular evolution model for DNA and proteins
Discussion of the amino acid differences and minimum base differences per codon due to mutations which took place during divergent evolution of vertebrates from a common ancestral gene. The ?random mutation model' of evolution is examined by comparing a carp alpha Hb chain and six mammalian alpha Hb chains in terms of the genetic code. The occurrence of recognizable three-base changes is analyzed and a summary of the distribution of changes in the hemoglobin and myoglobin chains is given for 148 sites.
NonDarwinian evolution of protein and DNA, comparing expectations of evolution models for protein and amino acid changes
Protein and nucleic acid building blocks sequence differences influence on evolutionary relationship of living organisms, comparing fish and mammal globins
Amino acids changes distribution in specificity regions of light polypeptide chains of immunoglobulins showing correspondence with Poisson distribution
Biochemical and biosynthesis research projects
Biochemical studies on nucleic acids, proteins, metabolisms, bacteriophages, and related topics
Molecular biology, genetics, molecular structure of DNA, and mutations
Reconstitution of ribosomes, evolution of enzyme systems in pseudomonas, molecular mechanism for T4 bacteriophage, and other studies related to evolution and chemistry of living systems
Biochemical mechanisms of heredity and gene expression, their adaptation to environmental extremes, and possible relationships to origin and development of life
Protein evolution from peptides, gene duplications and deletions in polypeptides and cytochrome C
Repetitions in polypeptide sequence of cytochromes
Biochemical basis of evolution - evolution and DNA, genetic code, microbiology and heredity, mutations, and evolution and hemoglobins
Amino acid genetic code in which long sequences in DNA spell out instructions transcribed into RNA AND subsequently into proteins