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Jesse, Stephen

Publications and source records attributed to Jesse, Stephen.

At least 235 records · Page 13
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2013

Mechanical control of electroresistive switching

Hysteretic metal-insulator transitions (MIT) mediated by ionic dynamics or ferroic phase transitions underpin emergent applications for non-volatile memories and logic devices. The vast majority of applications and studies have explored the MIT coupled to the electric field or temperarture. Here, we argue that MIT coupled to ionic dynamics should allow control by mechanical stimuli, the behavior we refer to as piezochemical effect. We verify this effect experimentally, and demonstrate that it allows both studying materials physics and enabling novel data storage technologies with mechanical writing and current based read-out.

Kim, Yunseok↗
DOE OSTI2013

Spatially Resolved Mapping of Oxygen Reduction/evolution Reaction on Solid-Oxide Fuel Cell Cathodes with sub-10 nm Resolution

Spatial localization of the oxygen reduction/evolution reactions (ORR/OER) on lanthanum strontium cobaltite (LSCO) surfaces with perovskite and layered perovskite structures is studied on the sub-10 nanometer level. Comparison between Electrochemical Strain Microscopy (ESM) and structural imaging by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) suggest that small-angle grain boundaries act as regions with enhanced electrochemical activity. The ESM activity is compared across a family of LSCO samples, demonstrating excellent agreement with macroscopic behaviors. This study potentially paves the way for deciphering the mechanisms of electrochemical activity of solids on the level of single extended structural defects such as grain boundaries and dislocations.

Electrochemical Strain microcsopy↗
DOE OSTI2013

Space- and Time-Resolved Mapping of Ionic Dynamic and Electroresistive Phenomena in Lateral Devices

A novel scanning probe microscopy (SPM) based technique for probing local ionic and electronic transport and their dynamic behavior on the 10 ms 10 s scale is presented. The time-resolved Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy (tr-KPFM) allows mapping surface potential in both space and time domains, visualizing electronic and ionic charge dynamics and separating underlying processes based on their time responses. Here, tr-KPFM is employed to explore the interplay of the adsorbed surface ions and bulk oxygen vacancies and their role in the resistive switching in the Ca-substituted bismuth ferrite thin film.

Ca-BFO↗
DOE OSTI2013

Towards quantitative electrochemical measurements on the nanoscale by scanning probe microscopy: environmental and current spreading effects

The application of electric bias across tip-surface junctions in scanning probe microscopy can readily induce surface and bulk electrochemical processes that can be further detected though changes in surface topography, Faradaic or conductive currents, or electromechanical strain responses. However, the basic factors controlling tip-induced electrochemical processes, including the relationship between applied tip bias and the thermodynamics of local processes remains largely unexplored. Using the model Li-ion reduction reaction on the surface in Li-ion conducting glass ceramic, we explore the factors controlling Li-metal formation and find surprisingly strong effects of atmosphere and back electrode composition on the process. These studies suggest the feasibility of SPM-based quantitative electrochemical studies under proper environmental controls, extending the concepts of ultramicroelectrodes to the single-digit nanometer scale.

Arruda, Thomas M↗
DOE OSTI2013

Nanometer-scale mapping of irreversible electrochemical nucleation processes on solid Li-ion electrolytes

Electrochemical processes associated with changes in structure, connectivity or composition typically proceed via new phase nucleation with subsequent growth of nuclei. Understanding and controlling reactions requires the elucidation and control of nucleation mechanisms. However, factors controlling nucleation kinetics, including the interplay between local mechanical conditions, microstructure and local ionic profile remain inaccessible. Furthermore, the tendency of current probing techniques to interfere with the original microstructure prevents a systematic evaluation of the correlation between the microstructure and local electrochemical reactivity. In this work, the spatial variability of irreversible nucleation processes of Li on a Li-ion conductive glass-ceramics surface is studied with ,30 nm resolution. An increased nucleation rate at the boundaries between the crystalline AlPO4 phase and amorphous matrix is observed and attributed to Li segregation. This study opens a pathway for probing mechanisms at the level of single structural defects and elucidation of electrochemical activities in nanoscale volumes.

Kumar, Amit↗
DOE OSTI2013

Correlative Multimodal Probing of Ionically-Mediated Electromechanical Phenomena in Simple Oxides: Reversible and Irreversible Electrochemical Processes in NiO

The interplay between the ionic and electronic transport in NiO is explored on the nanoscale using correlative imaging by first-order reversal curve measurements in current-voltage and electrochemical strain microscopy. Electronic current and electromechanical response are observed in reversible and electroforming regime. These studies provide insight into nanoscale mechanisms of electroresistive phenomena in NiO and establish universal method to study interplay between the ionic and electronic transport and electrochemical transformations in mixed electronic-ionic conductors.

ESM↗
DOE OSTI2013

Frequency spectroscopy of irreversible electrochemical nucleation kinetics

An approach is developed for probing the thermodynamics and kinetics of the irreversible electrochemical reactions on solid surfaces based on frequency-voltage spectroscopy. For a model Li-ion conductor surface, the two regimes for bias-controlled behavior are demonstrated and ascribed to the difference in the critical nucleus size. The electrostatic and electrochemical phenomena at tip-surface junction are analyzed. These studies suggest an experimental pathway for exploring local electrochemical activity in solids.

Kumar, Amit↗
DOE OSTI2013

Influence of the interfacing with an electrically inhomogeneous bottom electrode on the ferroelectric properties of epitaxial PbTiO3

The influence of an electrically inhomogeneous epitaxial bottom layer on the ferroelectric and electrical properties has been explored in epitaxial PbTiO3 (PTO)/La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO) submicron structures using atomic force microscopy. The submicron LSMO-dot structures underneath the ferroelectric PTO film allow exploring gradual changes in material properties. The LSMO interfacial layer influences significantly both electrical and ferroelectric properties of the upper PTO layer. The obtained results show that the as-grown polarization state of an epitaxial ferroelectric layer is strongly influenced by the properties of the layer on top of which it is deposited.

Kim, Yunseok↗
DOE OSTI2013

Unraveling the origins of electromechanical response in mixed-phase Bismuth Ferrite

The origin of giant electromechanical response in a mixed-phase rhombohedral-tetragonal BiFeO3 thin film is probed using sub-coercive scanning probe microscopy based multiple-harmonic measurements. Significant contributions to the strain arise from a second-order harmonic response localized at the phase boundaries. Strain and dissipation data, backed by thermodynamic calculations suggest that the source of the enhanced electromechanical response is the motion of phase boundaries. These findings elucidate the key role of labile phase boundaries, both natural and artificial, in achieving thin films with giant electromechanical properties.

Bismuth Ferrite↗
DOE OSTI2013

Variable temperature electrochemical strain microscopy of Sm-doped ceria

Variable temperature electrochemical strain microscopy has been used to study the electrochemical activity of Sm-doped ceria as a function of temperature and bias. The electrochemical strain microscopy hysteresis loops have been collected across the surface at different temperatures and the relative activity at different temperatures has been compared. The relaxation behavior of the signal at different temperatures has been also evaluated to relate kinetic process during bias induced electrochemical reactions with temperature and two different kinetic regimes have been identified. The strongly non-monotonic dependence of relaxation behavior on temperature is interpreted as evidence for water-mediated mechanisms.

Electrochemical Strain Microscopy (ESM)↗
DOE OSTI2013

Higher order harmonic detection for exploring nonlinear interactions

Nonlinear dynamics underpin a vast array of physical phenomena ranging from interfacial motion to jamming transitions. In many cases, decoupling the contributions of competing or co-existing mechanisms to the system response can be achieved through investigation of higher order harmonics. Here, a method using band excitation scanning probe microscopy to investigate higher order harmonics of the electromechanical response, with nanometer scale spatial resolution is presented. The utility of the technique is demonstrated by probing the first three harmonics of strain for a well-known system, a model Pb(Zr1-xTix)O3 ferroelectric capacitor. It is shown that the second order harmonic response is correlated with the first harmonic response, whereas the third harmonic is not. Additionally, nanoscale measurements of the second harmonic response with field reveal significant deviations from Rayleigh-type models in the form of a much more complicated field dependence than is observed in the spatially averaged data. These results illustrate the versatility of combining proximal probe techniques with nth harmonic detection methods in exploring and decoupling nonlinear dynamics in a wide variety of nanoscale materials.

ferroelectric↗
DOE OSTI2013

Local Probing of Electrochemically Induced Negative Differential Resistance in TiO2 Memristive Materials

Early stage of electroforming in TiO2 was observed by deliberately combining conductive atomic force microscopy and electrochemical strain microscopy. The negative differential resistance and the corresponding surface deformation were observed below electroforming voltages. The surface deformations induced by surface oxidation are thermodynamically stable, reversibly controlled by applying voltage bias of different polarities, and electrochemically less active.

Kim, Yunseok↗