Engineering Papers⌕ Search

Engineering topics

Jain, Rishabh

Publications and source records attributed to Jain, Rishabh.

44 records · Page 3
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2021

Event-Driven Predictive Approach for Real-Time Volt/VAR control with CVR in solar PV rich Active Distribution Network

The focus of this paper is on analyzing the impact of conservation voltage reduction in the presence of active devices such as solar photovoltaic (PV) and developing controls that leverage these distributed energy resources. An event-driven predictive approach for real-time volt/volt-ampere reactive (VAR) optimization, along with local two-level adaptive volt/VAR droop-based control algorithm for advanced distribution management systems, is introduced. The methodology covers aggregated and autonomous controls under different timescale operations, including the impact and effect of unpredicted events such as cloud transients on PV power production. In addition, the control schemes include the uncertainties in PV power generation and load power demand. The proposed methodology is validated in a real-time framework using the real-time digital simulator platform through co-simulation with models based on Python and OpenDSS (Open Distribution System Simulator). The developed methodology is tested on the modified IEEE 123-feeder test system. The results reveal that the proposed methodology works well in the presence of high penetrations of PV power, produces significant energy savings, and mitigates over-/undervoltage problems.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2021

Bulk Grid Frequency Support Using Electrolyzers

Increasing renewable penetration in the bulk power systems has resulted in declining inertial response of the generation during system disturbances. This results in larger frequency deviations and oscillations during such events. This paper proposes a strategy for controlled dispatch of electrolyzers as loads to improve the system’s frequency response. A droop based controller with constraints based on electrolyzer operating limits has been developed to regulate its load. Consecutively, a localized frequency based control strategy has been developed to support the bulk system during disturbances. The impact of the electrolyzer support has been demonstrated using the 23-bus SAVNW system, and the 240-bus WECC system for baseline, 25% and 50% renewable penetration. The impact of changing droop settings and the available controllable electrolyzer capacities on the system’s frequency response has also been presented. Overall, the dispatchable electrolyzers helps improve (reduce) both the maximum frequency deviation and the settling times during common disturbances like loss of load/generation, and line faults. Systems with lower inertia were seen to benefit more from the controlled electrolyzer dispatch.

39 EE - Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies (EE-3F↗
DOE OSTI2021

Improving Distribution System Operations Using Fleet Control of Electrolyzers

The proliferation of electrolyzers presents an opportunity for grid operators. Fast response times and the use of hydrogen as storage can be leveraged in a symbiotic way to support increasing penetration levels of photovoltaics (PV) in the distribution grid. This work presents the grid integration of an electrolyzer fleet and its control applications to minimize the impact of increasing solar PV penetration in the distribution network. The study involves a feeder model of a real utility circuit from a utility partner with an operational model of a fleet of electrolyzers. The operational improvements are quantified with performance metrics. The metrics show that the fleet control application of the electrolyzers can aid in reducing overvoltages, voltage fluctuations, and control device operations induced by intermittent solar generation. The locational dependence of electrolyzers are also discussed in terms of performance metrics.

39 EE - Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies (EE-3F↗
DOE OSTI2021

Application of Site Controllers for Electrification of Commercial Fleet Vehicles

Electrification of transportation fleets presents a significant challenge for commercial customers. These challenges can be specific to region, weather, operating schedule, charging infrastructure, and other factors. This paper presents the value of integrating a site controller to monitor the health of assets and co-optimize the operation of commercial sites with multiple distributed energy resource technologies and electric vehicle fleets. The tests demonstrate smart-charging and vehicle-to-building uses compared to business-as-usual cases. The secondary objectives of power management for the customer vehicle are optimized by a planning tool (REopt) and integrated using the site controller. Any deviations from the planned dispatch are addressed by the real-time controllers offering tertiary controls, such as energy management, and limiting the reverse power flow (back into the grid). The results indicate that site controllers offer an efficient solution to manage the health of the connected assets and a scalable means to optimize the operations of a commercial customer with electrified transportation fleets.

ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS,POWER TRANSMISSION AND↗
DOE OSTI2020

Controllers for Distributed Grid Support for Power Systems using Hybrid DER plants with Electrolyzers [SWR-20-06]

This software presents the design and control for a hybrid DER site with integrated dispatchable electrolyzers. It is a comprehensive solution for regulating the dispatch of electrolyzer demand to support the grid using the respective control functions. Multiple control functions (ramp control, frequency support control, dispatch prioritization) are developed to integrate the proposed site for multiple services around load, voltage and frequency control. This allows the site owners to participate in both distribution and bulk system energy markets for grid ancillary services.

Jain, Rishabh↗
DOE OSTI2020

Preliminary Design Process for Networked Microgrids

Changes in economic, technology, and environmental policies are resulting in a re-evaluation of the dependence on large central generation facilities and their associated transmission networks. Emerging concepts of smart communities/cities are examining the potential to leverage cleaner sources of generation, and the potential to integrate electricity generation with other municipal functions. When grid-connected, these generation assets can supplement the existing interconnections with the bulk transmission system, and in the event of an extreme event, they can provide power via networks of microgrids. While the design process for a single stand-alone microgrid is relatively well understood, the process of designing the infrastructure for networked microgrid operations has not been well studied. Because of the wide range of potential operational goals for microgrids, it is typical to follow the engineering process of developing an initial conceptual design, a preliminary design, a detailed design, and then a final as-built design. The conceptual design is typically completed without detailed engineering analysis, and the preliminary design is the first stage that requires it. This paper presents a process for developing the preliminary design for networked microgrids, which can then be used as a basis for the final as-built design.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2020

Cost Reduction of School Bus Fleet Electrification With Optimized Charging and Distributed Energy Resources: Preprint

Considerations for electrifying school buses are presented with an analysis of battery sizing to match bus driving requirements. The charging and vehicle-to-building dispatch of the electric school buses were optimized to evaluate the potential to reduce the impact of the bus charging on the school's electric utility bill. Distributed energy resources (DER) and flexible building loads were also considered with the school bus electrification to evaluate the further reduction in energy costs with enhanced system integration and optimized dispatch. The effect of degradation on the school bus batteries was analyzed to determine if the smart charging and vehicle-to-building battery operation decreases the life of the battery. The results show that there is an opportunity to mitigate the increase of electric utility bills with improved charging controls and bi-directionally operating the school bus batteries to reduce building demand charges. The battery degradation analysis using dispatch with optimized charging and discharging shows acceptable battery life.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗