Engineering topics

Hainebach, K.

Publications and source records attributed to Hainebach, K..

2 records

NASA NTRS1981

Abundance enhancements in cosmic rays produced by collisionless shocks

It is shown that shocks preferentially accelerate partially ionized heavy elements over protons. Within the framework of a previously published model of injection, the spectra of different ion species are calculated from thermal to ultrarelativistic energies. For typical astrophysical parameters, the predicted enhancement is in qualitative agreement with observations for a 10 to the 6th K preshock plasma; ions with Z greater than 10 are enhanced by about an order of magnitude or so. The continuing increase with energy of the heavy-element abundances into the air-shower regime is discussed.

Eichler, D.↗

NASA NTRS1978

A consistent age for the Universe

The constraints associated with traditional dating methods for determining the age of the universe are combined in the context of the standard cosmological model to see which age can satisfy them all. The allowed age of the universe is found to range from 13.5 to 15.5 times 1,000,000,000 years in accordance with the limits for the density parameter being 0.06 and 0.3 and the limits for the heavy element mass fraction of globular clusters being 0.0001 and 0.001. The proposed range for the age of the universe agrees with Friedmann's description of the universe.

Kazanas, D.↗