Engineering topics

Evtushenko, Pavel

Publications and source records attributed to Evtushenko, Pavel.

11 records

DOE OSTI2019

Method for energy dither of a particle beam

A method for varying the wavelength of a free electron laser (FEL) by applying an energy dither to the charged particles supplying the FEL. Bunches of charged particle beams are accelerated by cavities that are operated at a harmonic of the bunch repetition rate. The method involves adding one or more secondary radiofrequency accelerator cavities after the primary beam transport and near the wiggler to apply a fluctuation between individual bunches with a pseudo-random distribution. The secondary radiofrequency accelerator cavities provide fine variations of the beam energy about a nominal operating point. Operating a free electron laser (FEL) with a 1% change in the electron beam energy via the added secondary cavities will result in a 2% wavelength variation of the FEL output.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗

DOE OSTI2019

Method for energy dither of a particle beam

A method for applying an energy dither to a charged particle beam in order to vary the wavelength of the charged particle beam. Bunches of charged particle beams are accelerated by cavities that are operated at a harmonic of the bunch repetition rate. One or more secondary radiofrequency accelerator cavities are added near the wiggler after the primary beam transport to apply a fluctuation between individual bunches with a pseudo-random distribution. The secondary radiofrequency accelerator cavities provide fine variations of the beam energy about a nominal operating point. Operating a free electron laser (FEL) with a 1% change in the electron beam energy via the secondary cavity will result in a 2% wavelength variation of the FEL output.

42 ENGINEERING↗

DOE OSTI2017

Beam position monitor for energy recovered linac beams

A method of determining the beam position in an energy recovered linac (ERL). The method makes use of in phase and quadrature (I/Q) demodulation techniques to separate the pickup signal generated by the electromagnetic fields generated by the first and second pass beam in the energy recovered linac. The method includes using analog or digital based I/Q demodulation techniques in order to measure the relative amplitude of the signals from a position sensitive beam pickup such as a button, strip line or microstripline beam position monitor.

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗

DOE OSTI2016

Large dynamic range beam diagnostics and beam dynamics studies for high current electron LINACs

As described in the previous reports we have been working on an apodized optical system for transverse beam profile measurements by means of imaging. The key issues of LDR imaging is properly managing diffraction effects within the optical system, which is proposed to accomplish by means of amplitude apodization. Shortly before the time of the last progress report we have finished manufacturing of several apodizing elements. We have completed mechanical design of our first apodized imaging system and have built its prototype on an optical bench. Since testing diagnostic equipment with beam is costly and is not always possible due to limited beam availability, it has been our intention to make as much preliminary testing and characterization on a test bench in the laboratory.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗

DOE OSTI2016

CHERENKOV CONVERTER FOR LARGE DYNAMIC RANGE, HIGH SENSITIVITY DETECTORS FOR USE ON WIRE-SCANNERS

We are developing a wire-scanner with a dynamic range of 1e+6 or larger. In addition to the large dynamic range (LDR), high sensitivity is very desirable so that measurements can be made with a small amount of beam or small duty cycle beam. This high sensitivity requirement makes photo multiplier tubes (PMT) with low background levels, the preferred detector. Low dark current PMTs have maximum quantum efficiency in the visible wavelength range. We describe a converter where Cherenkov radiation (CR) is used to generate visible photons from electrons and positrons that are present due to wire-beam interaction. An optical system used to collect and couple the CR into an optical fiber is also described. The high directivity of the CR is used in such a way that, when CR in the radiating medium is generated by particles not directed from the wire-beam interaction point to the converter, the CR is not coupled into the optical fiber and therefore does not create background for the wire-scanner measurements. It is envisioned that the optical fiber will be used to deliver the visible photons to the PMT located outside of the accelerator tunnel to further reduce the background level. Sensitivities to the refractive index of the radiating medium, alignment and mechanical fabrication tolerances are also presented. *Work supported by US DOE office of Basic Energy Sciences under the early career program; DOE award number FWP#JLAB-BES11-05

Gubeli, Joseph↗

DOE OSTI2014

DarkLight: A Search for Dark Forces at the Jefferson Laboratory Free-Electron Laser Facility

We give a short overview of the DarkLight detector concept which is designed to search for a heavy photon A' with a mass in the range 10 MeV/c^2 < m(A') < 90 MeV/c^2 and which decays to lepton pairs. We describe the intended operating environment, the Jefferson Laboratory free electon laser, and a way to extend DarkLight's reach using A' --> invisible decays.

Balewski, Jan↗

DOE OSTI2013

Non-Invasive Beam Detection in a High-Average Power Electron Accelerator

For a free-electron laser (FEL) to work effectively the electron beam quality must meet exceptional standards. In the case of an FEL operating at infrared wavelengths in an amplifier configuration the critical phase space tends to be in the longitudinal direction. Achieving high enough longitudinal phase space density directly from the electron injector system of such an FEL is difficult due to space charge effects, thus one needs to manipulate the longitudinal phase space once the beam energy reaches a sufficiently high value. However, this is fraught with problems. Longitudinal space charge and coherent synchrotron radiation can both disrupt the overall phase space, furthermore, the phase space disruption is exacerbated by the longitudinal phase space manipulation process required to achieve high peak current. To achieve and maintain good FEL performance one needs to investigate the longitudinal emittance and be able to measure it during operation preferably in a non-invasive manner. Using the electro-optical sampling (EOS) method, we plan to measure the bunch longitudinal profile of a high-energy (~120-MeV), high-power (~10kW or more FEL output power) beam.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗

DOE OSTI2013

Large dynamic range diagnostics for high current electron LINACs

The Jefferson Lab FEL driver accelerator - Energy Recovery Linac has provided a beam with average current of up to 9 mA and beam energy of 135 MeV. The high power beam operations have allowed developing and testing methods and approaches required to set up and tune such a facility simultaneously for the high beam power and high beam quality required for high performance FEL operations. In this contribution we briefly review this experience and outline problems that are specific to high current - high power non-equilibrium linac beams. While the original strategy for beam diagnostics and tuning have proven to be quite successful, some shortcomings and unresolved issues were also observed. The most important issues are the non-equilibrium (non-Gaussian) nature of the linac beam and the presence of small intensity - large amplitude fraction of the beam a.k.a. beam halo. Thus we also present a list of the possible beam halo sources and discuss possible mitigations means. We argue that for proper understanding and management of the beam halo large dynamic range (>10{sup 6}) transverse and longitudinal beam diagnostics can be used. We also present results of transverse beam profile measurements with the dynamic range approaching 10{sup 5} and demonstrate the effect the increased dynamic range has on the beam characterization, i.e., emittance and Twiss parameters measurements. We also discuss near future work planned in this field and where the JLab FEL facility will be used for beam tests of the developed of new diagnostics.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗

DOE OSTI2013

Measured Radiation and Background Levels During Transmission of Megawatt Electron Beams Through Millimeter Apertures

We report measurements of photon and neutron radiation levels observed while transmitting a 0.43 MW electron beam through millimeter-sized apertures and during beam-off, but accelerating gradient RF-on, operation. These measurements were conducted at the Free-Electron Laser (FEL) facility of the Jefferson National Accelerator Laboratory (JLab) using a 100 MeV electron beam from an energy-recovery linear accelerator. The beam was directed successively through 6 mm, 4 mm, and 2 mm diameter apertures of length 127 mm in aluminum at a maximum current of 4.3 mA (430 kW beam power). This study was conducted to characterize radiation levels for experiments that need to operate in this environment, such as the proposed DarkLight Experiment. We find that sustained transmission of a 430 kW continuous-wave (CW) beam through a 2 mm aperture is feasible with manageable beam-related backgrounds. We also find that during beam-off, RF-on operation, multipactoring inside the niobium cavities of the accelerator cryomodules is the primary source of ambient radiation when the machine is tuned for 130 MeV operation.

millimeter aperture↗

DOE OSTI2013

Transmission of High-Power Electron Beams Through Small Apertures

Tests were performed to pass a 100 MeV, 430 kWatt c.w. electron beam from the energy-recovery linac at the Jefferson Laboratory's FEL facility through a set of small apertures in a 127 mm long aluminum block. Beam transmission losses of 3 p.p.m. through a 2 mm diameter aperture were maintained during a 7 hour continuous run.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗

DOE OSTI2013

High Dynamic Range Beam Imaging with Two Simultaneously Sampling CCDs

Transverse beam profile measurement with sufficiently high dynamic range (HDR) is a key diagnostic to measure the beam halo, understand its sources and evolution. In this contribution we describe our initial experience with the HDR imaging of the electron beam at the JLab FEL. On contrary to HDR measurements made with wire scanners in counting mode, which provide only two or three 1D projections of transverse beam distribution, imaging allows to measure the distribution itself. That is especially important for non-equilibrium beams in the LINACs. The measurements were made by means of simultaneous imaging with two CCD sensors with different exposure time. Two images are combined then numerically in to one HDR image. The system works as an online tool providing HDR images at 4 Hz. An optically polished YAG:Ce crystal with the thickness of 100 {micro}m was used for the measurements. When tested with a laser beam images with the DR of about 10{sup 5} were obtained. With the electron beam the DR was somewhat smaller due to the limitations in the time structure of the tune-up beam macro pulse.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗