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Chen, Peng

Publications and source records attributed to Chen, Peng.

176 records · Page 10
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2015

Ab-initio calculation study on the formation mechanism of boron-oxygen complexes in c-Si

Boron-oxygen (B-O) complex in crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells is responsible for the light-induced efficiency degradation of solar cell. However, the formation mechanism of B-O complex is not clear yet. By Ab-initio calculation, it is found that the stagger-type oxygen dimer (O{sub 2i}{sup st}) should be the component of B-O complex, whose movement occurs through its structure reconfiguration at low temperature, instead of its long-distance diffusion. The O{sub 2i}{sup st} can form two stable “latent centers” with the B{sub s}, which are recombination-inactive. The latent centers can be evolved into the metastable recombination centers via their structure transformation in the presence of excess carriers. These results can well explain the formation behaviors of B-O complexes in c-Si.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2015

Reactive processing of textile-natural fiber reinforced anionic polyamide-6 composites

Nowadays natural fiber, used in reinforced composites, is widely concerned. However, no natural fiber reinforced reactive thermoplastic polymer grades had been prepared so far. Through our studies, it was demonstrated that there was a severe retardation and discoloration occurred in the reactive processing between anionic polyamide-6 (APA-6) and natural fiber, which result in incomplete polymerization when put together. In order to solve the problem, two methods were adopted in this paper, which are fiber pretreatment and usage of a new-style initiator called caprolactam magnesium bromide. The former is to remove sizing agent and impurities on the surface of fiber, and the latter is to weaken the side reactions between APA-6 and natural fiber by the nature of its lower reactivity and weaker alkaline. In cooperation with both methods, the severe retardation and discoloration had been improved significantly, so that the polymerization of APA-6 in natural fiber was occurred smoothly. Following textile-natural fiber reinforced APA-6 composites with an average thickness of 2.5 mm and a fiber volume content of 50% was prepared by vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM). The soxhlet extraction, dilute solution viscometry and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) measurements respectively suggested the degree of conversion, viscosity-average molar mass and crystallization of composites was up to 94%, 11.3×104 and 50%. Remarkable improvement of mechanical properties were achieved through dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), tensile and three-point bending test. Favorable interfacial adhesion and wettability were revealed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation. Therefore, all of the above good performance make this new-style and environmentally friendly composites have broad application prospects.

38 RADIATION CHEMISTRY, RADIOCHEMISTRY, AND NUCLEA↗
DOE OSTI2015

Influence of dislocations on indium diffusion in semi-polar InGaN/GaN heterostructures

The spatial distribution of indium composition in InGaN/GaN heterostructure is a critical topic for modulating the wavelength of light emitting diodes. In this letter, semi-polar InGaN/GaN heterostructure stripes were fabricated on patterned GaN/Sapphire substrates by epitaxial lateral overgrowth (ELO), and the spatial distribution of indium composition in the InGaN layer was characterized by using cathodoluminescence. It is found that the indium composition is mainly controlled by the diffusion behaviors of metal atoms (In and Ga) on the surface. The diffusivity of metal atoms decreases sharply as migrating to the region with a high density of dislocations and other defects, which influences the distribution of indium composition evidently. Our work is beneficial for the understanding of ELO process and the further development of InGaN/GaN heterostructure based devices.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2015

Investigation of surface-plasmon coupled red light emitting InGaN/GaN multi-quantum well with Ag nanostructures coated on GaN surface

Surface-plasmon (SP) coupled red light emitting InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well (MQW) structure is fabricated and investigated. The centre wavelength of 5-period InGaN/GaN MQW structure is about 620 nm. The intensity of photoluminescence (PL) for InGaN QW with naked Ag nano-structures (NS) is only slightly increased due to the oxidation of Ag NS as compared to that for the InGaN QW. However, InGaN QW with Ag NS/SiO{sub 2} structure can evidently enhance the emission efficiency due to the elimination of surface oxide layer of Ag NS. With increasing the laser excitation power, the PL intensity is enhanced by 25%–53% as compared to that for the SiO{sub 2} coating InGaN QW. The steady-state electric field distribution obtained by the three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method is different for both structures. The proportion of the field distributed in the Ag NS for the GaN/Ag NS/SiO{sub 2} structure is smaller as compared to that for the GaN/naked Ag NS structure. As a result, the energy loss of localized SP modes for the GaN/naked Ag NS structure will be larger due to the absorption of Ag layer.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2015

Suppression of boron-oxygen defects in Czochralski silicon by carbon co-doping

We have investigated the influence of carbon co-doping on the formation of boron-oxygen defects in Czochralski silicon. It is found that carbon can effectively suppress the formation of boron-oxygen defects. Based on our experiments and first-principle theoretical calculations, it is believed that this effect is attributed to the formation of more energetically favorable carbon-oxygen complexes. Moreover, the diffusion of oxygen dimers in carbon co-doped silicon also becomes more difficult. All these phenomena should be associated with the tensile stress field induced by carbon doping in silicon.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2014

Generation kinetics of boron-oxygen complexes in p-type compensated c-Si

Kinetics characteristics of boron-oxygen complexes responsible for light-induced degradation in p-type compensated c-Si have been investigated. The generation of B-O complexes is well fitted by a fast-forming process and a slow-forming one. Activation energies of complexes generation during the fast-forming process are determined to be 0.29 and 0.24 eV in compensated and non-compensated c-Si, respectively, and those during the slow-forming process are the same, about 0.44 eV. Moreover, it is found that the pre-exponential factors of complexes generation in compensated c-Si is proportional to the square of the net doping concentration, which suggests that the latent centers should exist.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2013

Downregulation of miR-497 promotes tumor growth and angiogenesis by targeting HDGF in non-small cell lung cancer

Highlights: •MiR-497 is down-regulated in NSCLC cells and tissues. •MiR-497 inhibits NSCLC cell growth in vitro. •HDGF is a target gene of miR-497. •MiR-497 inhibits NSCLC cell growth by downregulating HDGF. •miR-497 inhibits tumor growth and angiogenesis in vivo. -- Abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in the development of various cancers. MiRNA-497 functions as a tumor-suppressor that is downregulated in several malignancies; however, its role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been examined in detail. Here, we showed that miR-497 is downregulated in NSCLC tumors and cell lines and its ectopic expression significantly inhibits cell proliferation and colony formation. Integrated analysis identified HDGF as a downstream target of miR-497, and the downregulation of HDGF by miR-497 overexpression confirmed their association. Rescue experiments showed that the inhibitory effect of miR-497 on cell proliferation and colony formation is predominantly mediated by the modulation of HDGF levels. Furthermore, tumor samples from NSCLC patients showed an inverse relationship between miR-497 and HDGF levels, and ectopic expression of miR-497 significantly inhibited tumor growth and angiogenesis in a SCID mouse xenograft model. Our results suggest that miR-497 may serve as a biomarker in NSCLC, and the modulation of its activity may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of NSCLC patients.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2012

Material deposition techniques for control of solid state aperture surface properties

The invention provides a method for molecular analysis. In the method, sidewalls are formed extending through a structure between two structure surfaces, to define an aperture. A layer of material is deposited on the aperture sidewalls and the two structure surfaces. The aperture with the deposited material layer is then configured in a liquid solution with a gradient in a chemical potential, between the two structure surfaces defining the aperture, that is sufficient to cause molecular translocation through the aperture.

Branton, Daniel↗
DOE OSTI2010

Size-Dependent Infrared Phonon Modes and Ferroelectric Phase Transition in BiFe03 Nanoparticles

One emergent property of ferroelectric nanoparticles is the sized-induced structural distortion to a high-symmetry paraelectric phase at small particle sizes. Finite length scale effects can thus be advantageously employed to elucidate ferroelectric transition mechanisms. In this work, we combine infrared spectroscopy with group theory and lattice dynamics calculations to reveal the displacive nature of the ferroelectric transition in BiFeO{sub 3}, a room temperature multiferroic. Systematic intensity and frequency trends in selected vibrational modes show that the paraelectric phase is Pm{sub 3}m and the lowest frequency A{sub 1} feature is the soft mode that drives the first order transition. Finite length scale effects are also evident in the electronic structure with a red-shifted band gap in nanoscale BiFeO{sub 3} compared with that of the rhombohedral film, a result that can impact the development of ferroelectric photovoltaics and oxide-based electronics. Taken together, these findings demonstrate the foundational importance of size effects for enhancing the rich functionality and broad utility of transition metal oxides.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
NASA NTRS2010

Fiber optic gas sensor

A gas sensor includes an in-fiber resonant wavelength device provided in a fiber core at a first location. The fiber propagates a sensing light and a power light. A layer of a material is attached to the fiber at the first location. The material is able to absorb the gas at a temperature dependent gas absorption rate. The power light is used to heat the material and increases the gas absorption rate, thereby increasing sensor performance, especially at low temperatures. Further, a method is described of flash heating the gas sensor to absorb more of the gas, allowing the sensor to cool, thereby locking in the gas content of the sensor material, and taking the difference between the starting and ending resonant wavelengths as an indication of the concentration of the gas in the ambient atmosphere.

Chen, Peng↗
DOE OSTI2010

Magnetic properties and photoabsorption of the Mn-doped CeO{sub 2} nanorods

Mn-doped CeO{sub 2} nanorods have been prepared from CeO{sub 2} particles through a facile composite-hydroxide-mediated (CHM) approach. The analysis from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicates that the manganese doped in CeO{sub 2} exists as Mn{sup 2+}. The magnetic measurement of the Mn-doped CeO{sub 2} nanorods exhibits an enhanced ferromagnetic property at room temperature with a remanence magnetization (Mr) of 1.36 x 10{sup -3} emu/g and coercivity (Hc) of 22 Oe. Comparative UV-visible spectra reveal the shift of the absorption peak of the CeO{sub 2} from ultraviolet region to visible light region after being doped with Mn. The room temperature ferromagnetic properties and light absorption of the Mn-doped CeO{sub 2} nanorods would have potential applications in photocatalysis and building of photovoltaic devices.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2010

Optical properties of quasi-tetragonal BiFeO3 thin films

Optical transmission spectroscopy and spectroscopic ellipsometry were used to extract the optical properties of an epitaxially grown quasi-tetragonal BiFeO3 thin film in the near infrared to near ultraviolet range. The absorption spectrum is overall blue shifted compared with that of rhombohedral BiFeO3, with an absorption onset near 2.25 eV, a direct 3.1 eV band gap, and charge transfer excitations that are 0.4 eV higher than those of the rhombohedral counterpart. We interpret these results in terms of structural strain and local symmetry breaking.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗