Bradshaw, P. — Page 2 | Engineering Papers

NASA NTRS1985

Vortex boundary-layer interactions

The interaction of a turbulent boundary layer on a flat plate with a strong artificially generated longitudinal vortex which may or may not actually enter the boundary layer is studied. The vortices are generated by a delta wing suspended ahead of the test plate, so that the configuration is approximately that of a close coupled carnard with zero main-wing sweep and an invisible body. All necessary configuration and parametric checks are completed, and data acquisition and analysis on the first configuration chosen for detailed study, in which the vortex starts to merge with the boundary layer a short distance downstream of the leading edge of the test plate, are nearly complete.

Bradshaw, P.↗

NASA NTRS1974

Prediction of turbulent shear layers in turbomachines

The characteristics of turbulent shear layers in turbomachines are compared with the turbulent boundary layers on airfoils. Seven different aspects are examined. The limits of boundary layer theory are investigated. Boundary layer prediction methods are applied to analysis of the flow in turbomachines.

Bradshaw, P.↗

NASA NTRS1973

Turbulent kinetic energy equation and free mixing

Calculation of free shear flows was carried out to investigate the usefulness of several concepts which were previously successfully applied to wall flows. The method belongs to the class of differential approaches. The turbulence is taken into account by the introduction of one additional partial differential equation, the transport equation for the turbulent shear stress. The structure of turbulence is modeled after Bradshaw et al. This model was used successfully in boundary layers and its applicability to other flows is demonstrated. The work reported differs substantially from that of an earlier attempt to use this approach for calculation of free flows. The most important difference is that the region around the center line is treated by invoking the interaction hypothesis (concerning the structure of turbulence in the regions separated by the velocity extrema). The compressibility effects on shear layer spreading at low and moderate Mach numbers were investigated. In the absence of detailed experiments in free flows, the evidence from boundary layers that at low Mach numbers the structure of turbulence is unaffected by the compressibility was relied on. The present model was tested over a range of self-preserving and developing flows including pressure gradients using identical empirical input. The dependence of the structure of turbulence on the spreading rate of the shear layer was established.

Morel, T.↗