Engineering topics
Borshchevsky, A.
Publications and source records attributed to Borshchevsky, A..
A New High Efficiency Thermoelectric Unicouple
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A New High Efficiency Segmented Thermoelectric Unicouple
To achieve high thermal-to-electric energy conversion efficiency, it is desirable to operate thermoelectric geneteor devices over large temperature gradients and also to maximize the thermoelectric performance of the materials used to build the devices.
Progress in the Development of High-Efficiency Segmented Thermoelectric Generators
The integration of new more efficient thermoelectric materials developed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory into a new high-performance segmented thermoelectric generator has been reported earlier.
Experimental Confirmation of Powerstick Concept
The results relating to the development and testing of the miniature Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator (RTG)-like Powerstick (PS) device are presented. They confirm the earlier ideas and predictions regarding possible manufacturing of PS-devices. PS is based on a 238-Pu standard Radioactive Heating Unit (RHU) with thermal power 1.1 W developed and manufactured by DOE and successfully being used on spacecraft (Galileo, Cassini, e. g.). In the course of development, several design approaches were explored and achieving high PS efficiencies was considered. Better thermal insulation material (with thermal conductivity 0.02 W/mK) has been developed and used and different designs of PS were evaluated. Two types of PS were manufactured: PS-1, on the basis of one RHU and one thermoelectric battery/converter (TEB), and PS-2, on the basis of two RHU and one TEB. Two different sizes of TEB were used: first - with the legs of cross-section 0.45x0.45 sq-mm and height 35 mm, and second - with the legs of cross-section 0.6Ox0.60 sq-m and height 35 mm. In both cases, the number of legs was 400. The electrical power of the PS-1 was observed to deliver 22 mW at 2.5 V and for PS-2 - 53 mW at 4.1 V. The analysis of results showed that optimized version of PS-2 should be capable of more than 70 mW at 5 V, on the basis of TEB with legs of cross-section 0.67x0.67 sq-mm and height 40 mm with number of legs 324.
Preparation and Thermoelectric Properties of Some Phosphide Skutterudite Compounds
Thermoelectric properties of CoP(sub 3) and CeFe(sub 4)P(sub 12) have been measured for the first time.
Development of Thick-Film Themoelectric Microcoolers Using Electrochemical Deposition
Advanced thermoelectric microdevices integrated into thermal management packages and low power, electrical source systems are of interest for a variety of space and terrestrial applications.
Thermoelectric materials development
A systematic search for advanced thermoelectric materials was initiated at JPL several years ago to evaluate candidate materials which includes consideration of the following property attributes: (1) semiconducting properties; (2) large Seebeck coefficient; (3) high carrier mobility and high electrical conductivity; (4) low lattice thermal conductivity; and (5) chemical stability and low vapor pressure. Through this candidate screening process, JPL identified several families of materials as promising candidates for improved thermoelectric materials including the skutterudite family. As part of an ongoing effort to develop skutterudite materials with lower thermal conductivity values, several solid solutions and filled skutterudite materials were investigated under the effort sponsored by DOE. The efforts have primarily focused on: (1) study of existence and properties of solid solutions between the binary compounds CoSb3 and IrSb3, and RuSb2Te, and (2) CeFe(4-x)Sb12 based filled compositions. For the solid solutions, the lattice thermal conductivity reduction was expected to be reduced by the introduction of the Te and Ru atoms while in the case of CeFe(4-x)Ru(x)Sb12 based filled compositions. For the solid solutions, the lattice thermal conductivity reduction was expected to be reduced by the introduction of the Te and Ru atoms while in the case of CeFe(4-x)Ru(x)Sb12 filled compositions, the reduction would be caused by the rattling of Ce atoms located in the empty voids of the skutterudite structure and the substitution of Fe for Ru. The details of the sample preparation and characterization of their thermoelectric properties are reported in this report.
Promising Thermoelectric Materials for Terrestrial-Space Applications
Since the discovery of state-of-the-art thermoelectric materials in the 1960s, little improvement has been made in the thermoelectric material efficiency. Although numerous materials have been investigated for their thermoelectric properties, ZT value of 1 has not been significantly exceeded. This paper presents a new family of materials with the skutterudite crystal structure which, based on initial results obtained on several compounds of this family, has a good potential for thermoelectric applications. This class of materials covers a wide range of decomposition temperatures and bandgaps, which could be used for low, intermediate to high temperature applications.
Some Properties of Re2Te5-Based Materials
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Some Properties of Re(sub 2)Te(sub 5) based Materials
One of the new approaches for developing thermoelectric materials with superior figures of merit is to look at materials which can be referred to as 'rattling' semiconductors.
Electrochemically Deposited Films of Bismuth Telluride and Related Materials for Thermoelectric Device Applications
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Skutterudites: An Update
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Thermoelectric Microcoolers for Thermal Management Applications
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Skutterudites: An Update
Materials with the skutterudite crystal structure possess attractive transport properties and have a good potential for achieving ZT values substantially larger than for state-of-the-art thermoelectric materials.
Powerstick Development
A device called a Powerstick is being developed to satisfy the requirements of several potential solar system exploration missions. The Powerstick is a small power source consisting of three major components: a space qualified heat source (RHU), a thermopile (thermoelectric converter) and a set of rechargeable batteries.
Thermoelectric Microcoolers for Thermal Management Applications
Due to the combined increase in circuit integration and chip power dissipation, there is a rapidly growing demand for solving the thermal management issues of power microelectronics.
Low Thermal Conductivity Skutterudites
Recent experimental results on semiconductors with the skutterudite crystal structure show that these materials possess attractive trasport properties and have a good potential for achieving ZT values substantially larger than for state-of-the-art thermoelectic materials.