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Beach, R.

Publications and source records attributed to Beach, R..

15 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2018

Lasers for Surgery and Photodynamic Therapy Final Report CRADA No. TC-0437-93

This proposed project is designed to apply the combined resources and expertise of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) and the Wellman Laboratories of Photomedicine (WL) to develop several new diode laser systems for use in photodynamic therapy (PDT) and to develop diode-pumped solid state infrared lasers for surgery. The use oflaser light-activated photosensitive dyes in the treatment and diagnosis of disease is developing rapidly. Current PDT relies on the use of large, expensive, and inefficient argon-ion laser pumped dye lasers as sources. The recent advances in the technology of diode lasers emitted in the 620-700 nm region offers an opportunity to make source technology for PDT more reliable, compact, and efficient. This project will develop visible diode lasers and control system for photodynamic therapy, and infrared diode pumped solid-state lasers for applications to surgery. Testing and evaluation of the laser systems will be performed at WL using cells, tissue in vitro, animal models, and ultimately human subjects in clinical trials. Once clinical testing is complete, commercialization will be pursued through WL ties to the medical laser industry. Several efforts within this proposed program are of interest to a number of other potential ti.NL funding sources. In particular, several of the diode pumped solid-state devices share some commonalty with work being proposed in conjunction with the Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic. A further example is the commonalty with LLNL existing and proposed efforts in coupling high average power diode arrays into fiber optic delivery systems.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2018

Lasers for Medicine Final Report CRADA No. TC-0436-93

This project is intended to advance the US position in laser diae~osis and treatment of disease in three thrust areas. A first laser system will advance the US position in photodynamic therapy whereby dyes are introduced into selected tissue and laser treatment with wavelena@ matching the dyes’ absorption band allows treatment of only the desired tissue. This effort will focus on the development and application of diode arrays delivering up to 10 watts at wavelengths of 657 nm, 675 nm and 695 nm with fiber optic delivery systems. This system would replace existing cumbersome systems with a compact diode array system. A second laser system is intended to advance the US position in the medical use of lasers in dermatology to remove port wine stains. The project will involve the development of a new all solid-state laser system to deliver light at 585 nm for the d~ect removal of port wine stains in human skin. This solid-state system would replace the currently used dye laser system with a compact, more efficient, less costly, environmentally benign solid-state laser system. Additionally this new laser system will offer new flexibility in the pulse format allowing treatment on a wider range of patients. A third laser system is targeted to develop a diode-pumped TrnYAG laser system operating at 1.9 pm to drill small holes in animal eggs with the goal of improving fertility. This system would replace the current excimer system at 308 nm, which has undesirable mutagenic problems

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2017

A Plug-and-Play Duct System Evaluation

This report describes an air distribution system composed of a series of uniformly-sized ducts that terminate in rooms throughout the home and return to a central manifold, similar in fashion to a “home-run” cross-linked polyethylene plumbing system. With a well-designed manifold, each duct receives an equal static pressure potential for airflow from the air handling unit, and the number of needed ducts for each room are simply attached to fittings located on the manifold; in this sense, the system is plug-and-play (PnP). As indicated, all ducts in the PnP system are identical in size and small enough to fit in the ceiling and wall cavities of a house (i.e., less than 3.5-in. outer diameter). These ducts are also more appropriately sized for the lower airflow requirements of modern, energy-efficient homes; therefore, the velocity of the air moving through the duct is between that of conventional duct systems (approximately 700 ft/min) and high-velocity systems (more than 1,500 ft/min) on the market today. The PnP duct system uses semi-rigid plastic pipes, which have a smooth inner wall and are straightforward to install correctly, resulting in a system that has minimal air leakage. However, plastic ducts are currently not accepted by code for use in residential buildings; therefore, the project team considered other duct materials for the system that are currently accepted by code, such as small-diameter, wirehelix, flexible ductwork.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2017

Performance Assessment for the Waste Management Area C at the Hanford Site in Southeast Washington - 17515

An initial performance assessment (PA) of Single-Shell Tank (SST) Waste Management Area C (WMA C) located at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Hanford Site in southeastern Washington has been completed to satisfy the requirements of the Hanford Federal Facility Agreement and Consent Order (HFFACO), as well as other Federal requirements and State-approved closure plans and permits. The WMA C PA assesses the fate, transport, and impacts of radionuclides within residual wastes left in tanks and ancillary equipment and facilities in their assumed closed configuration, and the subsequent risks to humans into the far future. This PA focused on radiological impacts has been developed to meet the requirements for a closure authorization under DOE O 435.1 that includes a waste incidental to reprocessing determination for residual wastes remaining in tanks, ancillary equipment, and facilities. PA results indicate that the performance objectives and measures for the all-pathways dose, the air pathway dose, the radon flux, and groundwater protection are met for both the 1,000-year compliance time period (2020 to 3020) and the post-compliance period (3020 to 12020). The peak dose for the all-pathways analysis in the 1,000-year compliance period is associated with the air pathway, with the peak dose of 4 x 10{sup -5} mSv/yr dominated by tritium resulting from upward gaseous diffusive flux from the residual waste. The peak dose within the sensitivity/uncertainty analysis time period (1,000 to 10,000 years after closure) occurs at about 1,500 years after closure, and results primarily from a peak in {sup 99}Tc groundwater concentration at 100 m down-gradient of the facility. The peak total dose within the sensitivity/uncertainty analysis time period is 0.001 mSv/yr. For all of the sensitivity analyses and uncertainty analyses evaluated, the disposal system also met the performance objectives. In the uncertainty analysis performed with the system level model based on GoldSim{sup C}, the highest calculated groundwater dose in the compliance period was about 7 x 10{sup -4} mSv/yr, and the highest calculated peak dose in the sensitivity/uncertainty analysis period was 0.025 mSv/yr.Doses associated with hypothetical inadvertent human intrusion were calculated for all sources in WMA C and compared to the acute and chronic performance measures in DOE O 435.1. The calculated doses for acute and chronic exposure scenario from potential intrusion into a waste transfer pipeline remain below the DOE O 435.1 performance measure for the time period evaluated beyond 100 years after closure. Acute exposure from drilling into the waste yielded a dose of about 0.36 mSv after the assumed 100-year institutional control period, well below the 5 mSv performance measure for acute exposure. Chronic exposure to waste from drill cuttings in a rural pasture scenario resulted in a dose of about 0.08 mSv/yr after the assumed 100-year institutional control period, well below the 1 mSv/yr performance measure for chronic exposure. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2016

Comparative Cooling Season Performance of Air Distribution Systems in Multistory Townhomes

IBACOS investigated the performance of a small-diameter high velocity heat pump system compared to a conventional system in a new construction triplex townhouse. A ductless heat pump system also was installed for comparison, but the homebuyer backed out because of aesthetic concerns about that system. In total, two buildings, having identical solar orientation and comprised of six townhomes, were monitored for comfort and energy performance. Results show that the small-diameter system provides more uniform temperatures from floor to floor in the three-story townhome. No clear energy consumption benefit was observed from either system. The builder is continuing to explore the small-diameter system as its new standard system to provide better comfort and indoor air quality. The homebuilder also explored the possibility of shifting its townhome product to meet the U.S. Department of Energy Challenge Home National Program Requirements.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2016

Business Metrics for High-Performance Homes: A Colorado Springs Case Study

The building industry needs to understand how energy ratings can impact homebuilders. Of interest is how energy efficiency may or may not have a positive impact on homebuilders’ business success. Focusing on Colorado Springs, Colorado, as a case study, the U.S. Department of Energy’s Building America research team IBACOS suggests a win–win between a builder’s investment in energy efficiency and that builder’s ability to sell homes. Although this research did not ultimately determine why a correlation may exist, a builder’s investment in voluntary energy-efficiency programs correlated with that builder’s ability to survive the Great Recession of 2007 to 2009. This report explores the relationship between energy-efficiency ratings and the market performance of several builders in Colorado Springs.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2016

Business Metrics for High-Performance Homes: A Colorado Springs Case Study

This report explores the correlation between energy efficiency and the business success of home builders by examining a data set of builders and homes in the Colorado Springs, Colorado, market between 2006 and 2014. During this time, the Great Recession of 2007 to 2009 occurred, and new-home sales plummeted both nationally and in Colorado Springs. What is evident from an analysis of builders and homes in Colorado Springs is that builders who had Home Energy Rating System (HERS) ratings performed on some or all of their homes during the Recession remained in business during this challenging economic period. Many builders who did not have HERS ratings performed on their homes at that time went out of business or left the area. From the analysis presented in this report, it is evident that a correlation exists between energy efficiency and the business success of home builders, although the reasons for this correlation remain largely anecdotal and not yet clearly understood.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2016

Brookfield Homes Passive House Performance Evaluation

In 2012-2013, IBACOS worked with a builder, Brookfield Homes in Denver, Colorado, to design and construct a Passive House certified model home. IBACOS used several modeling programs and calculation methods to complete the final design package along with Brookfield's architect KGA Studio. This design package included upgrades to the thermal enclosure, basement insulation, windows, and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning. Short-term performance testing in the Passive House was done during construction and after construction. Testing with a blower door indicated that whole-building air leakage to the outside was 324 CFM and 0.60 ACH50. The other two test homes had little short-term testing done post-construction by the local energy rater. IBACOS then monitored the energy consumption and whole-house comfort conditions of that occupied Passive House after one year of operation and compared the monitoring results to those for two other occupied test houses in the same area with similar square footage but slightly different floor plans. IBACOS also assisted the builder, Brookfield Homes, in researching design scenarios for Zero Energy Ready Home and ENERGY STAR acceptance levels. IBACOS also assisted Brookfield in conceptualizing product for Denver's Brighton Heights area. Brookfield was considering building to Zero Energy Ready Home standards in that location. IBACOS provided strategies that Brookfield may draw from in the event the builder chooses to pursue a Zero Energy Ready Home plan for that market.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2016

Brookfield Homes Passive House Performance Evaluation

In 2012-2013, IBACOS worked with a builder, Brookfield Homes in Denver, Colorado, to design and construct a Passive House certified model home. IBACOS used several modeling programs and calculation methods to complete the final design package along with Brookfield's architect KGA Studio. This design package included upgrades to the thermal enclosure, basement insulation, windows, and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning. Short-term performance testing in the Passive House was done during construction and after construction.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2016

Comfort in High-Performance Homes in a Hot-Humid Climate

"9IBACOS monitored 37 homes during the late summer and early fall of 2014 in a hot and humid climate to better understand indoor comfort conditions. These homes were constructed in the last several years by four home builders that offered a comfort and performance guarantee for the homes. The homes were located in one of four cities: Tampa, Florida; Orlando, Florida; Houston, Texas; and San Antonio, Texas. Temperature and humidity data were collected from the thermostat and each room of the house using small, battery-powered data loggers. To understand system runtime and its impact on comfort, supply air temperature also was measured on a 1-minute interval. Overall, the group of homes only exceeded a room-to-room temperature difference of 6 degrees F for 5% of the time. For 80% of the time, the rooms in each house were within 4 degrees F of each other. Additionally, the impact of system runtime on comfort is discussed. Finally, measurements made at the thermostat were used to better understand the occupant operation of each cooling system's thermostat setpoint. Builders were questioned on their perceived impact of offering a comfort and performance guarantee. Their feedback, which generally indicates a positive perception, has been summarized in the report.

"9residential↗
DOE OSTI2016

Comfort in High-Performance Homes in a Hot-Humid Climate

IBACOS monitored 37 homes during the late summer and early fall of 2014 in a hot and humid climate to better understand indoor comfort conditions. These homes were constructed in the last several years by four home builders that offered a comfort and performance guarantee for the homes. The homes were located in one of four cities: Tampa, Florida; Orlando, Florida; Houston, Texas; and San Antonio, Texas. Temperature and humidity data were collected from the thermostat and each room of the house using small, battery-powered data loggers. To understand system runtime and its impact on comfort, supply air temperature also was measured on a 1-minute interval. Overall, the group of homes only exceeded a room-to-room temperature difference of 6 degrees Fahrenheit for 5% of the time.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
NASA NTRS2003

Solid state UV detectors

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

UV detectors Origins solid state devices microchan↗